Don't panic!Teach you to understand the breast ultrasound examination, the ladies please collect it

Since the implementation of the key people's livelihood projects of the free "two cancers" screening in our province in 2016, the majority of women have greatly improved their awareness of breast cancer in prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

More and more women have found that the breasts have such problems after ultrasound examination. Due to the lack of understanding of the inspection report description and more and more breast cancer patients around, many people are too nervous and frequent reviews. Some people think that it is not painful to pain. If it is not itchy, it is not serious and delayed treatment.

In recent years, breast tumors have become one of the most common tumors in women, and breast cancer lives first. Ultrasonic examination is the most common and most practical diagnostic technology in China.

In order to allow female friends to have a correct understanding of the breast ultrasound and be able to treat the test results rationally, let me talk about the ultrasound test of the breast in detail.

1. Under what circumstances need to do breast ultrasound examination?

Breast glands are the organs we can see and touch. When we take a bath, we can stand in front of the mirror, take your hands on your waist, lift it up or sag, and carefully observe whether the breast size on both sides is symmetrical. Redness and deformation.

Then touch the breast with both hands, check the left milk in the right hand, check the right milk on the left hand, and flatten the palms when checking, and close the four fingers. Use the end fingertips to touch the outside, outside, bottom, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, upper, inside Whether the nipples and areola areas can touch the lumps. Do not pinch the breast tissue with your fingers when you touch it.

If you see the two breasts of different breasts, mammary gland deformation, skin redness, nipples, nipples, mammary glands appear like dimples, nipples or breasts, or breasts can go to the hospital immediately for breast ultrasound examination.

Early diagnosis and early treatment directly related to the prognosis of breast cancer. Early discovery is the key to increasing the survival rate of breast cancer and reducing mortality. Women with a history of breast cancer in the first-level relatives are 2-3 times higher than that of ordinary people.

What are the preparations before breast ultrasound?

Do not prepare special preparations before checking, just fully expose the breast and armpit. Do not do breast catheter radiography and puncture biopsy before the examination, because contrast agents and bleeding can interfere with the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis. Women with breast lobular hyperplasia try to avoid menstrual examinations as much as possible. Women with a nipple with discharge do not squeeze the breast before examination, and the filling catheter can more accurately detect the reasons for the nipple discharge.

Third, what can be checked in breast ultrasound?

Ultrasonic examination can find whether the breasts have lesions, whether the lesions are diffuse or limited, the number of lesions, numbers, size, form, boundary, internal and edge echo, rear echo, whether the characteristics of calcification stoves and calcification stoves, internal blood The current state and spectrum characteristics, whether the surrounding tissues are infiltrated, whether there are lymph nodes, and the metastasis of the distant organs, and whether the breast catheter expands. Under ultrasound guidance, puncture cytology or histological examination, puncture drainage of breast cysts or abscess, microwave therapy for breast benign mass.

Clinical common mammary gland tests that can be prompted are: breast lobular hyperplasia, breast hyperplasia nodules, breast cysts, breast tumors: including breast fibroma and breast cancer.

4. How can I understand a breast ultrasound report?

After the inspection is completed, the professional description of the major female friends in the report form is confused. Especially when you see nodules and "BI-Rads classification", it is identified as cancer and collapsed inner. In fact, the gonad structure disorders in the ultrasonic report are mainly manifested in cell arrangement, number of cell quantity, and tissue structure. In most cases, the adrenal hyperplasia is found, and the proportion of evil changes is very small. In the breast ultrasound report, an important message is echo. Common echo descriptions include:

1. No echo: common in cysts or cystic hyperplasia, that is, there is a "blisters" in the breast.

2. Low voicing nodules: refers to the substantial nodules of breasts, commonly in breast hyperplasia nodules, fibroma, and breast cancer. You need to determine whether surgical treatment is needed according to other information.

3. Weak echo: In the low echo and no echo, it is often found in the long history of cysts, and the liquid inside becomes turbid.

4. Strong echo: Refers to calcification stoves in the breast tissue. If micro -calcification (diameter <0.5mm) occurs, it is necessary to highly be alert to malignant lesions.

Next, I will take everyone to understand the specific meaning of the "BI-RADS classification" described in the breast ultrasound report.

Category 0: The lesions are not comprehensive, and other imaging examinations (such as breast X -ray or MRI, etc.) require further evaluation. Such as: discovering the performance of nipples, thickening of the asymmetry of the gland, and nipples, and the nipples have not seen abnormal sound image; ultrasound detection and scattered at strong echoed light dots, the breast X -ray examination is clearly calcified or crystalline Nothing abnormal sounds of breast ultrasound and X -ray examinations are not found. It is necessary to identify scars formed after breast cancer and latitude.

Category 1: negative or normal

There are no abnormal sounds of ultrasound examination, such as: no lumps, gland structure disorders, thickening of the skin, and micro -calcification of the ultrasound. If there is no positive symbol in clinical practice, in order to make the negative conclusions more credible, try to check the breast X -ray examination as much as possible. Joint inspection. It is recommended to follow the clinic for one year.

Category 2: benign lesion

Basically, malignant can be excluded. E.g:

1. Simple cysts;

2. Internal lymph nodes;

3. Purpose of breast prosthesis;

4. After surgery, there are no changes in the image of the structure after surgery; 5. Multiple ultrasonic examinations have not changed much. Fibrous tumors of 40 years of age or fibroma of the first ultrasound examination of the first ultrasound examination; The performance is 6 months to 1 year.

Category 3: Maybe benign lesions

The risk of malignant is <2%. For example: 1. A 40 -year -old woman's first ultrasonic examination found an oval solid lump with complete edges, a vertical and horizontal ratio of <1, breast fibroma, and the risk of malignant <2%; after 2 to 3 years in a row; The review can change the original 3 category (probably benign) to 2 categories. 2. Multiple complex cysts or cluster small cysts. 3. Tumor -like hyperplasia nodules. This short -term follow -up is safe. It is recommended to further check the short-term clinic or breast X-ray for 3-6 months, and some biopsy.

Category 4: Suspicious malignant lesions

The risk of viciousness of this class is 3%-94%. Depending on its vicious danger, it is divided into three subtypes. 4A: The risk is 3%-30%, tend to be benign possibilities. It is not sure that fibroma, a catheter in the catheter with duct or hemorrhage, and the unclear breast inflammation can be attributed to this level; 4B: 31: 31 is 31 %-60%, tend to be malignant lesions; 4C: Risk is 61%-94%, which means that malignant possibilities are higher. It is recommended to provide cytology or tissue pathology diagnosis.

Category 5: Height may be malignant

Those with obvious malignant characteristics of lesions are attributed to this category, and the risk of malignant is> 95%. Active biopsy should be actively performed for certainty treatment. It is recommended to surgical resection biopsy.

Category 6: The biopsy has been confirmed to be malignant, but the images of images that have not been treated or before and after monitoring surgery change.

In short, while understanding the breast ultrasound, I hope that the majority of female friends can have a pleasant mood, a positive and optimistic attitude towards life, a combination of work and rest, a reasonable diet, maintaining normal weight, avoiding artificial abortion, insisting on breastfeeding, no smoking, no smoking Drink, regular breast ultrasound examination, be a healthy and beautiful woman.

(Edit ZS. The picture comes from the 2nd edition of the Internet and "Medical Ultrasound Imaging", invading and deleting)

Hunan Medical Chat Special Author: Wugang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Li Jiaohui

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