Detailed explanation of disease control experts how to correctly take care of the "be careful"

July 28th is "World Hepatitis Day". The theme of this year's propaganda is "preventing hepatitis, healthy you and me", and aims to call on the public to actively prevent and treat hepatitis, advocate a healthy lifestyle, and comprehensively curb viral hepatitis to human health to human health. threaten.

So, how to protect our "careful liver" in daily life and resist the invasion of hepatitis? Yang Xiaobing, director of the Infectious Disease Prevention Center of Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, explained in detail.

■ Viral hepatitis has a total of 5 kinds of transmission.

"Hepatitis can be caused by a variety of pathogenic factors such as viruses, bacteria, alcohol, drugs, and autoimmune." Yang Xiaobing introduced that according to the length of the disease, hepatitis can be divided into acute hepatitis and chronic hepatitis; Hepatitis and non -viral hepatitis.

Non -viral hepatitis mainly includes autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, non -alcoholic fatty hepatitis, metabolic and pharmaceutical hepatitis, etc., generally not infectious.

The hepatitis that everyone usually calls viral hepatitis, including A, B, C, Ding, and Wu Wu. Among them, hepatitis A and Koba are mostly acute onset. Generally, the prognosis is good and will not develop into chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are complicated, and it can be developed into liver cirrhosis and liver cancer after being delayed into chronic.

"Viral hepatitis is the largest number of cases of Class B infectious in my country." Yang Xiaobing introduced that about 70 million cases of hepatitis B virus infection in my country, about 20 million cases to 30 million cases needed for treatment, as high as 10 million hepatitis C infections example.

It should be noted that different viral hepatitis spreads different pathways:

Hepatitis A and pental hepatitis A are spread through the digestive tract, such as patients with accidental food or water containing viruses by mistake.

Type B, C, and d -type hepatitis are mainly transmitted through body fluids, including blood transmission. There are many patients with hepatitis B. The main transmission channels include input of poorly input blood products, maternal and infant communication, sexual transmission, and medical derivative transmission. The pathway of hepatitis C is mainly blood input and transmission, venous drug dissemination, and medical source transmission.

Ding liver transmission pathway is similar to hepatitis B, which can be infected at the same time as hepatitis B, or infected on the basis of infection.

■ Prevention of viral hepatitis actively vaccinated vaccines

In 2016, at the 69th World Health Conference, the "Global Health Department Strategy: Viral Hepatitis (2017-2021)" was adopted, and public health hazards to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030 were proposed. Continue to implement a comprehensive prevention and control strategy based on vaccine prevention, strengthen treatment and management, improve the custody of antiviral treatment and patient compliance, and strengthen social mobilization and popular science knowledge publicity.

In accordance with my country's immune planning children's immune procedures, newborns are vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine in accordance with the "0, 1, June age" immunization procedure. The first needle should be vaccinated in time within 24 hours after birth.

The immunization procedure of hepatitis A vaccine is in the August age to vaccinate a poisoning vaccine for a nail nourema, or one of the nail nailoid vaccines for each period of April and April.

The vaccination object of the pental hepatitis is 16 years old. It is recommended to complete the three stitches in accordance with the immune procedure of "0, 1, June age".

Unfortunately, the medical community has not yet developed vaccines that effectively prevent hepatitis C. This is because hepatitis C virus is a single -stock positive chain RNA virus. It is different from the common DNA virus. It becomes extremely difficult.

■ Care "Be careful liver" to avoid these liver behaviors

"The liver is the largest detoxification organ in the human body, but it has no pain nerve, and it is often very serious when symptoms." Yang Xiaobing reminded that citizens must regularly check liver function, especially those who have long -term medication and family history of liver cancer. At the same time, maintain good living habits: the diet is light, pay attention to the combination of vegetarian and vegetarian, do not hunger or be full; ensure regular and sufficient sleep; exercise appropriately and maintain healthy weight.

The following behaviors that hurt liver must be paid special attention:

1. Diet, greasy high fat, high -calorie diet causes too much energy intake, excess energy is stored in the body in the form of fat, some directly accumulate in the liver to form fatty liver, further aggravating the burden on the liver;

2. Insufficient sleep often staying up late will not only cause physical resistance due to lack of sleep, but also affect the liver's self -repair function at night;

3. 90%to 95%of the detoxification function of the human body is responsible for the liver, but its detoxification ability is limited. Long -term drinking is easy to exceed liver load, causing alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Harmful substances in cigarettes and smoke will also damage the liver. In 2021, about 62 million people in my country suffer from alcoholic liver disease to varying degrees;

4. Drinking water with sufficient water can enhance blood circulation and promote metabolism. Water deficiency in the body will affect the detoxification function of the liver, increase the burden on the liver, and easily lead to liver fatigue operation and strong liver fire;

5. "Catecholine" secreted by depression and irritability when angry and angry acts on the central nervous system, increases blood sugar, enhances fatty acid decomposition, and the toxins in blood and liver cells increase accordingly, piled up in the liver, thereby damaging the liver;

6. Be alert to hepatitis virus early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation, early reporting, early treatment to prevent epidemic. It is possible to infect hepatitis viruses in the mouth, blood, and close contact. Pay attention not to share toothbrushes, razors, and syringes with others in daily life. (Changjiang Daily reporter Wuye correspondent Pan Ting)

[Edit: Yu Lina]

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