Interpretation of the medical examination report 丨 What should I do if there is a routine urine inspection report?

Urine routine is the basic items for medical examinations. Citizens got the report form and saw "+" after seeing urine red blood cells, urine potential blood, urine protein and other projects. They often felt uneasy and felt that they were hematuria or urine protein. Luo Qun, director of the Ningbo Second Hospital Nephrology Center and chairman of Ningbo Medical Association Nephrology Branch, said: Everyone should pay attention to these "+" in the routine medical examination report, but do not have to panic.

There are many reasons for urine red blood cells, there are many reasons

There is a "+" number behind the red blood cells, which means that the test results of the project are positive, which is the hematuria of clinical finger.

Luo Qun introduced that clinical hematuria refers to hematuria or the naked eye hematuria under the mirror. Hematuria in the mirror refers to more than 3 red blood cells in the high -power mirror vision. The naked eye hematuria is changing the color of the urine. The naked eye is visible. The urine is light red and pale pink, and some patients are thick tea.

Common causes of hematuria are glomerular nephritis, urinary tract infections, stones, tumors and cysts, abnormalities, trauma, etc.

For example, chronic glomerular nephritis, purpuraphyic nephritis, lupus nephritis, and vasculitis may have positive urine red blood cells.

For example, kidney stones, ureteral stones, or bladder stones can cause positive urine red blood cells.

For example, the benign or malignant tumors of kidney, bladder, and ureter may also cause positive urine blood cells.

Of course, taking certain drugs and foods will also change the color of urine. If you eat a lot of peppers and dragon fruit, you may turn the urine red and become excessive.

"+" Urine blood "+" is not necessarily hematuria

After "+" after urine blood, does it mean hematuria?

"Not necessarily." Luo Qun reminded that urinary blood and urine red blood cells should be comprehensively evaluated. The red blood cells are positive, and the urinary blood is positive, which is hematuria; the red blood cells are positive, and the urinary blood is negative. It is false negative. The urine contains a large amount of vitamins, nitrite and other reduced substances.

Urine red blood cells are negative, and urinary blood -positive is false positive, blood vessels, hemolysis, muscle injury, etc. cause hemoglobin and myoglobin to filter into the urine; Causes the blood -positive.

Poor blood positive is not equal to hematuria, and how much blood does not mean hematuria, let alone the diagnosis of lower nephritis according to the positive urine blood.

What should I do if there is a urinary inspection report in the medical examination report?

Luo Qun suggested: First of all, pollution should be excluded, the urine routine should be reviewed, and hematuria is clear. If hematuria is clear, it must be paid attention to it. It is recommended to go to the nephrologist for treatment to further clarify the cause and find out whether the source of red blood cells is kidney hemorride or non -kidney hematuria. For example, by observing the shape of urine red blood cells (routinely carried out in Ningbo Second Hospital), to see if there is an alienity, and the Urinary B -ultrasound, CT and other examinations to help judge the source of hematuria, and clarify the cause of the cause.

Is the urine protein "+" that is kidney disease?

Outside of the submarine blood project, many citizens will find that the urine protein project of the urine routine report often follows the annoying "+". Is this must have kidney disease?

Luo Qun explained that proteinuria is generally divided into physiological proteinuria and pathological proteinuria. Physiological proteinuria refers to an excessive proteinuria urine that occurs under severe exercise and fever. The kidney has no substantial lesions, and it can be followed. Pathological proteinuria is caused by the kidney -oriented lesions. Generally, it is mostly persistent proteinuria, which requires great attention.

Luo Qun suggested that if the urine protein "+" is found in the medical examination, the citizens should not ignore it, but they should go to the specialty for further examination. Common examination items include reviewing urine routines, and the ratio of urinary albumin/creatinine, and quantitative analysis of urine protein in 24 hours. The ratio of urine albumin/creatinine is a detection indicator for sensitive urine protein. We are often used in the early screening of diabetic nephropathy and hypertension nephropathy.

Healthy people check the urine routine regularly every year

Luo Qun introduced that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in my country reached 10.8%, but the awareness rate of the disease was only 12.5%. Due to the extremely powerful compensation function of the kidneys, even if the function has lost more than 50 %, some patients with chronic kidney disease may still have no symptoms or symptoms.

For kidney health, regular examination is very important.Director Luo suggested that the healthy people regularly check the urine routine and kidney function each year, and at the same time do the B -ultrasound examination, so as to detect early detection and early treatment of kidney disease.Healthy people without kidney disease usually pay attention to these things to better protect kidney health: reduce salt intake; balance diet; quit smoking; drink appropriate amounts; drink more water, drink about 1.5 liters of water every day; do not urinate.In the case of physical tolerance, maintain medium -intensity exercise 5 times a week and 30 minutes each; control weight; avoid colds.In addition, avoid abuse of drugs and take medicine to take medicine.

Reporter Wang Ying Sun Meixing Correspondent Zheng Yan

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