Sitting without sitting on the station?Pick out the "murderer" of the adolescent spine health

"Standing standing, sitting without sitting", "I often write homework lying on their stomachs", "Shoulder one high and one low" ... On our side, we can often hear parents describe the child's posture like this.

In recent years, the problem of high shoulders, humpbacks, head extension, and even spine bending has become more common among adolescents. Children and adolescent spine health related issues have become a prominent public health problem in my country. Data show that the number of patients with spinal bending in my country exceeds 5 million, and it is increasing to 300,000 people each year.

"Summer vacation is coming, because the number of parents who is worried about children's spine bending, the number of parents who come to see and consult is significantly more. The annual winter and summer vacation is the peak period of spinal curved diagnosis and orthopedic surgery." Tsinghua University affiliated to Tsinghua University Deputy Chief Physician Song Fei said.

Why is the body's abnormal attitude and even the spinal bending problem, why frequently invade young people to grow up? It is important to prevent prevention, but how to correctly understand and treat when the disease occurs? Reporter conducted an interview.

It is difficult to detect after the onset of "not pain and itch"

"If the child was not bent over and picking up something, I had a bag on my back. I would never think that the child's spine would have a problem." Wang Nana, a second -year student parent in Beijing, said that whether the child has been in life or study She was uncomfortable or painful, so neither of her and her children found abnormalities. After seeing the doctor, she knew that the child was suffering from "special spine bending."

Medically, the spine is often divided into structural side bending and non -structural side bending. Structural side bending is divided into congenital, unique, neuromuscularity, and syndrome side bending. "Structuralness is that the finger structure has changed, and the spine is bent on the coronary surface, which is often accompanied by the spin of the vertebral body." Xiao Bin, deputy chief physician of the spine surgery of Beijing Jishoutan Hospital The number is more. "The so -called specialty refers to 'unknown causes'. Children and adolescents have two peak growth periods, the first is 0 ~ 5 years old, and the second is adolescence after 10 years of age. In these two periods, children grow their bodies to grow their bodies. Development is rapid, and as height increases, the progress of this deformity will gradually become obvious. Most of the special spine bending appears around puberty. "

"No pain and itching" is the first feeling of many people on the special spine bending. Compared with congenital spina -side bending, early abnormalities, neuromuscularity and syndrome side bending are mostly secondary to other diseases, and special spinal curvies are more concealed. In the outpatient clinic, part of the child with the spine on the first diagnosis was found during the school's physical examination, part of which was unintentionally found when shooting X -rays for other reasons, and some were parents found that the child realized that he had very little appearance.

At the beginning, Wang Nana was similar to the thoughts of many parents. Children may have something to do with academic pressure. It may be because children's schoolbags are sinking, or they often do homework with cats and crooked body. "The reality is not the case. Incorrect posture and special habits will only cause non -structural side bending. It can be simply understood as the" false side bend ", which is not accompanied by abnormal bone structure." Xiao Bin said that if the non -structural structure is not structured Sexual side bend does not attract enough attention to children and parents, especially in the period of rapid growth of children, and may also develop into structural side bending.

Since the special spine bending is "the cause of the disease is unknown", what kind of child is more likely to get sick? It may be possible to spy one or two from the results of epidemiological surveys. The ratio of the side -to -bend of the small degree is 1: 1 to 1: 2, and the proportion of men and women with large degrees can reach 1: 9, and there are obviously more girls than boys. "Children with special spine bending are generally thin. As for why girls have more patients than boys, they have not yet explained very well." Xiao Bin said.

Song Fei also said that although the specific reasons are still unclear, it is speculated that it may be related to female estrogen receptor genes, as well as factors such as women's growth peaks 1 to 2 years earlier, and weak muscle strength of women.

"Generally speaking, mild side curves have no effect on the body function, and the appearance of medium -sidelines is generally obvious, while severe ones not only abnormal appearance, but also affecting the functions of cardiopulmonary and digestion." Xiao Bin specially reminded that spine side curvature It may also bring psychological problems such as inferiority.

"Four horizontal and one vertical", anterior flexion experiment, so as to be early, early diagnosis, and early treatment

In order to discover, early diagnosis, and early treatment, the monitoring of common diseases and health influencing factors of students across the country has incorporated spine bending abnormalities as test indicators.

In daily life, observing whether the child's spine bending is not "no trace to find". Many doctors talk about the method of "four horizontal and one vertical" method: "Four horizontal", that is, see if the two shoulders on the back of the child are Whether the lower corner of the two scapula is equivalent, whether the waist socket is symmetrical, and whether the height of the iliac ravioli on both sides of the pelvis is the same; "one vertical" refers to whether the entire connection of the spiny process is tilted or deviated from the middle line. In addition, a very important and effective diagnostic method is to conduct pre -flexion experiments.

"The front flexion experiment is to let the child's feet close, straighten your knees, and bend down at 90 degrees with both hands. Parents can see if the child's back on both sides of the back is equal. Razor back deformity 'often indicates that the spine bending is prompted, which requires going to the hospital for further examination. "Song Fei talked that there were some early or mild bending. It will appear more obvious.

In the outpatient clinic, the doctor needs to judge the degree of spine bending through X -rays. "Generally speaking, the side curved degree is above 25 degrees, less than 45 degrees, and is in the growth period, and has potential growth. Children at this stage we recommend the treatment of side curvature branches. Below 20 degrees, these children are recommended to observe regularly and can do some rehabilitation training. If the degree is greater than 45 degrees, the appearance is obvious and the body is unbalanced. We recommend surgery. "Xiao Bin said. The use of branches to treat spinal curve has a long history, which is a more effective treatment method except for surgery. The general branches are corrected by the direction of the fulcrum. "It's like wearing an armor." Song Fei explained that the branches are "large hard shells" made of high -molecular plastic. They are customized according to the side curve form. If you want to achieve a good treatment effect, you need to wear more than 22 hours a day, "this is not easy for children."

Many parents have proposed that can they use rehabilitation training to replace branches for treatment? Xiao Bin said that if it is a special spine bending, it is necessary to perform branches in accordance with the doctor's advice. Rehabilitation training is an auxiliary treatment method, but it cannot replace the branches. For non -structural side bending, or body abnormalities, it can be adjusted through the exercise of the stem of the torso, such as swimming.

"After the side curve occurs, the side bending angle of a small number of children can improve itself. The conservative treatment effect we want to achieve is to keep the child from making significant progress during the rapid growth period. It is generally believed that the progress of the two examinations exceeds 5 degrees more than 5 degrees. Even if the side curve progresses; it is greater than 10 degrees every year. "Song Fei believes that the side curve below 10 degrees does not have much impact on life. Parents should not worry too much about and anxious, and regularly observe and review.

When the child's adolescent growth peaks pass, the progress of the spine side curve will basically slow or stop, but it is not ruled out that after entering the elderly, the spine bending that occurs when it is young will be further aggravated. "It is not because the bones have grown, but because of the aging disc, osteoporosis and other reasons, the degenerative side curvature has been aggravated." Song Fei said.

"The key to maintaining the body is not bones, but the exercise of the core muscle group"

Ma Jun, director of the School of Health Center of the China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Director of the Institute of Child and Youth Health of Peking University, previously stated: "From the current screening results, more than 80 % of the spine side curve is relatively lighter, and also It is pose. Under the guidance of a professional doctor, it can be corrected by exercise or posture. The remaining ten percent of the needle is required to correct it, and only about 1%is to be corrected by surgery. "

The research team of the Institute of Physical Sciences of the State Sports Department of the State Sports Administration used 1,2638 primary and secondary school students in Beijing, Tianjin, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Guangdong and other places to measure their physical gesture. There are two or more physical posture abnormal problems, including high and low shoulders, camel back, and head extension.

"Whether there is a side curve or not, from the perspective of rehabilitation, the key to maintaining the posture is not the bone, but the exercise of the core muscle group. Qudu. "Song Fei also emphasized the importance of physical exercise." When studying in the desk, you have to stand up for 5 ~ 10 minutes per hour. Arrange appropriate outdoor activities every day, which helps muscle exercise, calcium absorption, and can also prevent myopia. "

In response to the problem of "high and low shoulders", Xiao Bin said that the spine side curvature will appear high and low shoulders, but the high and low shoulders are not necessarily caused by spinal curve, most of which are posture. "Keep a good standing and sitting position in life, and use a backpack of backpacks. It is recommended to do bilateral symmetrical movements."

In the process of preventing students' physical posture abnormal, the role of schools and parents cannot be ignored.

"The school should purchase desktop chairs according to the proportion of students from the middle to the end of the student, and ensure that the students' desks and chairs should be highly adjusted every semester according to the actual needs of the students." Beijing Guo Xin, director of the school's school health center of the Municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. At the same time, she reminded parents to equip their children with tables and chairs that match height, reminding their children to maintain the correct sitting position, paying attention to not to stir Erlang's legs, etc., and accompany the child to strengthen physical exercise, such as swimming, playing, hanging up a barbar. "Parents are children's guardians, and they should be a child's health guardian."

Nowadays, science popularization activities on spine health knowledge are gradually increasing, and some hospitals have a spine -side curved specialist disease clinic for diagnosis and treatment for students with abnormal screening. Some primary and secondary schools will also hold "experts entering campus" spine health preaching, allowing students to understand the relevant knowledge of spine and spine bending.

"Spinal bending prevention and control work is a systematic project. It is inseparable from all aspects of efforts. Except for schools and families, the whole society should act and strive to create 'students -family -school -education -sports' One -piece student spine bending abnormal comprehensive prevention and control system. "Guo Xin said.

(Reporter Zhang Yun)

【Edit: Ye Pan】

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