[Bring health home] Be wary of "summer killer" -The fever shooting

Author:Shenyang hygiene Time:2022.08.02

【Introduction】

The hottest solar term in summer -the summer is coming. In the weather that continues to be high -temperature, "hot death" is no longer a joke. The fever has become a high incidence of emergency department of major hospitals. High characteristics.

1. What is fever?

Thermal heat stroke type is the most serious type of heat stroke. It is characterized by the body temperature exposed to the heat environment or severe exercise. It is characterized by the increased core temperature (> 40 ° C) and the abnormal central nervous system. It is manifested as a clinical syndrome of skin burning, consciousness disorder (such as delirium, convulsions, coma), and accompanied by multiple organ system injuries, with high mortality rates.

Depending on the cause of the disease and the susceptible population, thermal radiation disease can be divided into labor -type thermal radiation disease and non -labor -type thermal radiation disease (also known as a typical thermal radiation disease).

Second, the cause of different types of thermal ejection disease

1. Labor fever: For several hours of operation or severe exercise in high temperature, high humidity or strong solar irradiation environment, thermal stress mechanism is out of compensation, and the center of temperature rises sharply. Emile.

2. Non -labor -intensive thermal radiation disease: Patients with old age and chronic diseases, staying in high temperature and poor ventilation environment for a long time, thermal stress mechanism is out of compensation, body temperature regulation is out of control, and patients do not sweat, resulting in reduced heat dissipation, causing heat to cause heat, causing heat Emile.

Third, the basis for the diagnosis of thermal irritation

(1) Clinical symptoms

1. Body temperature rising is the main symptom of thermal irritation. The core temperature of the patient is above 40 ° C.

2. Symptoms of central nervous system: delirium, drowsiness, seizures, coma, etc. can appear early. Other nervous systems can also appear abnormal manifestations, including weird behavior, hallucinations, corner bows, and noodles.

3. Other symptoms: headache, nausea, red skin, increased skin temperature, rapid breathing, accelerated heart rate, muscle spasm or weakness.

(2) Laboratory inspection

1. In the blood, white blood cells and neutral granulocytes can be seen.

2. Electrolytes can see high potassium, high calcium, low sodium, low chlorine, etc.

3. Renal function tests can be visible to blood creatinine and urea.

4. Liver function test shows that aminotransferase and total bilirubin increase.

5. Highervidentase is elevated.

6. Coagulation function (TT, PT exceeds the normal value of more than three seconds, and APTT exceeds the normal value of more than ten seconds).

7. Blood gas analysis (oxygen division is less than 60mmHg and (or) carbon dioxide pressure is greater than 60mmHg).

(3) Imaging examination

CT examination shows that the brain substantial edema is performed. Some of them can be seen in intracranial hemorrhage.

Fourth, how to treat fever?

1. Fast and effective cooling is the most important measure to reduce the central nervous system injury. The faster the cooling rate, the faster the prognosis of patients with heat irritation. Hold the patient to lie down in the cool vent of the ventilation, and at the same time raise the head to unbutton the pants to help the patient's breathing and heat dissipation; drink more water and severely use ice and salt water to wash the stomach or rectum; supplement the water required for the body, the most best, the most most most, the most, the most, the most most, the most most, the most, the most most, the most, the most most, the most most, the most most, the most, the most, the most most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the most, the best Good salt water; use wet towels, ice packs, ice cubes, and fans to help patients cool down; lifting the patient's feet to help the vein return and alleviate the shock state.

2. Pathopus intubation protects the airway. Continuous coma, miswaeing, suffocation, or cough reflex weakened patients need to protect the tracheal intubation to protect the airway, and perform breathing and circulating support to prevent brain hypoxia.

3. Effective analgesics and sedation.

4. Total dewlol dewater treatment.

5. High -pressure oxygen treatment.

6. Other treatments, such as hormone therapy, neurotic nutrition.

Fifth, is the mortality rate of thermal irritation? Is there any sequelae?

1. The mortality rate of fever is 20%to 70%, and patients over 50 years old can be as high as 80%. The duration of the body temperature is directly related to the mortality of the disease.

2. The coma is more than 6 to 8 hours or DIC has poor prognosis.

3. After the body temperature is restored to normal, the brain function can usually be recovered quickly, but some patients can also leave brain dysfunction.

4. Light or moderate liver and renal failure can be fully recovered; those with severe muscle injury can last for several months.

6. How to prevent fever?

1. Maintain adequate sleep and rest every day, so that the brain and body systems are relaxed.

2. Reasonable diet, eat more high -protein, high vitamin foods, such as eggs and fruits to enhance the body's immunity.

3. Timely replenishing water after strenuous exercise or labor, such as sports drinks.

4. Pay attention to oral care to prevent infection.

5. High -risk elderly people have gastroenteritis, chronic cardiopulmonary incomplete dysfunction, and other diseases that are likely to induce heat irritation. It is necessary to actively cooperate with early treatment.

In addition, pay special attention to the elderly who live alone. Many elderly people will be reluctant to turn on the air conditioner because they are afraid of cold and spend money, and because of the idea of "good exercise for physical", they must insist on "going out and walking." The relatively fragile body and the environment of high temperature and high humidity are more likely to cause heat stroke for the elderly. Children should help the elderly to do a good job of heatstroke and cooling, prepare for the heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs, and persuade them to reduce their out -of -going activities.