Good medical sound daily popular science 丨 World Hepatitis Day: Listen to doctors, actively nourish liver and liver and hepatitis.

The liver is the "super factory" in the human body. It assumes important duties of digestion and metabolism and has made a significant contribution to human metabolism. At the same time, it is also a "silent organ", because the liver has no pain nerves and has regeneration function, and there is no obvious pain in some "minor problems". Because of these characteristics, people are often easy to ignore the health of the liver, let the bad living habits such as obesity, staying up late, and alcoholism cause damage to it.

Today is the 12th "World Hepatitis Day". In order to make more people understand and prevent hepatitis scientifically, and to protect liver health together. In this issue of good medical science, Cai Lei, deputy chief physician of the liver and gallbladder and pancreas surgery of Chongqing People's Hospital, brings you a little knowledge about nourishing the liver and protecting the liver.

Expert Introduction

Cai Lei, deputy chief physician and associate professor at Chongqing People's Hospital. Harvard Medical College Massachusetts General Hospital, a postdoctoral, senior visiting scholar. Member of the United States Clinical Oncology Association (ASCO) Communication expert, a member of the United States Cancer Research Federation (AACR).

A -e -Bing Ding Wu ...

Prevention, starting from understanding hepatitis

In our daily life, virus infections are the most common cause of hepatitis. At the same time, alcohol, toxic chemicals, metabolic diseases, and autoimmune diseases may also cause hepatitis.

Depending on the duration of liver inflammation, it is usually divided into acute hepatitis (<6 months) and chronic hepatitis (≥6 months). Hepatitis often causes liver function damage to varying degrees. Under the effects of different causes, the length of the inflammatory duration, whether it is combined with basic diseases, and family genetic factors, there are possibilities for progress in liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, liver failure or liver cancer. Volkswagen life and health of great threats.

Professor Cai Lei introduced that the common types of clinical hepatitis include viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis and fat hepatitis.

01

Viral hepatitis

Hepatitis A virus, which causes hepatitis, is: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), diced hepatitis virus (HDV), and pentalitis virus (HEV). Non -hepatic virus mainly includes EB virus and giant cell virus.

Hepatitis A: This type of hepatitis is mostly acute hepatitis and has good self -healing. Digestive symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and vomiting, as well as symptoms of "cold" such as fatigue, fever, etc., and may occur in yellow, yellow skin, and urine yellow.

Detection method: Detecting the anti-HAV IGM antibody to determine whether there is any infection in existing dilatation. If the anti-HAV IgG antibody positive, the previous infection is prompted, or the patient is in the recovery period.

Hepatitis B: Hepatitis B is the most common type of hepatitis in my country. Patients with acute infection HBV may have a series of symptoms similar to HAV. HBV infection is very easy to be chronic. If it is not controlled, it can gradually develop to cirrhosis, and then symptoms such as ascites, vomiting, black stools, and even hepatic encephalopathy (liver coma) and other symptoms. Symptoms such as weight loss.

Testing method: It can be detected in routine hepatitis B virus markers, commonly known as "two-to-half hepatitis B" or "hepatitis B, anti-HBS, HBEAG, anti-HBE, anti-HBC, anti-HBC-IgM) to determine whether Hepatitis B is infected; patients with abnormal examinations above can further detect the situation of HBV DNA to understand the copy of hepatitis B virus in the body. For patients with hepatitis B, it is recommended to conduct regular liver function, A fetal protein (AFP), HBV DNA and upper abdomen color Doppler ultrasound every 3-6 months, and check the hepatitis B in 6-12 months. The above examinations are conducted regularly every 6-12 months; for high-risk population of hepatitis B (family members of patients with hepatitis B and medical workers related to infection diseases, etc.), it is recommended to perform a hepatitis B virus logo examination during health examination.

Hepatitis C: Most patients with hepatitis caused by the virus have no obvious symptoms, and liver skills are normal or mild abnormalities. Some patients may have symptoms similar to acute infection with HBV in the acute infection. It can be confirmed by the detection of HCV infection by detecting serum anti-HCV. If-HCV positive, HCV RNA should be further tested to determine whether it is a symptom infection and whether it is necessary to receive antiviral treatment. Most HCV infections can be cured through 3-6 months of direct antiviral drugs (DAA). After receiving treatment, it is recommended to regularly review each year to understand whether there is recurrence and related complications.

Ding liver and pental hepatitis: The incidence of these two hepatitis is lower than the first three types of viral hepatitis. HDV can pass the anti-HDV detection and screening. If the HBV overlap infection is merged, the patient's condition will be aggravated. HEV is mostly acute infection, similar to HAV acute infection symptoms. Generally, the prognosis is good and can heal itself. However, the elderly and pregnant women infection HEV may cause bile stasis or even severe, and can detect anti-HEV IgM screening.

02

Hepatitis of autoimmune

This type of hepatitis is slow. Patients may experience symptoms such as skin itching, jaundice, fatigue, decreased appetite, and abdominal distension. In the later stage, symptoms of cirrhosis such as spleen and spleen moles may occur.

The diagnosis needs to be detected on the basis of conventional examinations for autoimmune liver disease-related antibody spectrum and immunoglobulin. It is recommended that patients follow up for a fixed cycle for 6-12 months.

03

Fatty hepatitis

Fatty hepatitis can be divided into alcoholic hepatitis and metabolic -related fatty liver disease, which is related to the long -term alcohol intake or the body's metabolic dysfunction. There are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and some of the liver region can occur due to the enlarged liver. In the later stage, a series of symptoms similar to viral hepatitis may occur. It is recommended that patients follow up for a fixed cycle for 6-12 months. "Move" to nourish the liver and protect the liver

Talk to hepatitis bye

01

Cultivate hygienic and healthy life and eating habits.

Reduce the intake of tobacco and alcohol in daily life to quit smoking and alcohol as much as possible; avoid unprecedented seafood and meat; do not use daily life supplies with others, and promote the use of public chopsticks during dinner.

02

Promote a reasonable and balanced diet and strengthen exercise.

Pay attention to the daily diet to maintain a balanced nutrition to avoid long -term consumption of high -heat cards, high sugar and high -fat foods. At the same time, it is encouraged to formulate physical exercise solutions based on their own conditions, improve physical fitness, and avoid excessive obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, etc.

03

Keep adequate sleep and avoid staying up late.

It is recommended that you keep 7-8 hours of sleep every day without staying up late to ensure that sufficient sleep time can make important organs, including the liver, to fully rest.

04

Discover diseases such as hepatitis and take a timely treatment.

If you have found diseases such as hepatitis or fatty liver, you should go to the local hospital in time and cooperate with a specialist for regular treatment. Do not treat drug treatment without a doctor's guidance.

(Invited experts/Cai Leiwen/Wu Ruixue Picture/Vision China)

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