When you encounter hemoptysis, you are nervous?One of the main points of diagnosis and treatment of hemoptysia

*For medical professionals for reading reference

Condition assessment, treatment principles and drug selection summary

Hemorrhohide refers to the process of bleeding from the respiratory organs below the throat (ie, bronchial, bronchial or lung tissue), and discharge from the oral cavity through the cough. Hemodermac often indicates important organic diseases and requires great importance. There are many types of hematopoietic drugs, so how to stop bleeding from hemoptysis? Let's learn together ~

1

Evaluation of hemoptysis severity

The amount of bleeding of hemoptysis can be more and less: less blood in the sputum, to endanger life. "Consensus of Experts (2020)" [1] according to the amount of hemoptysis can be roughly divided into a small amount of hemoptysis, medium -sized hemoptysis, and hemoptysis (Figure 1). "Specifications for Best hemoptysis (2019)" [2] defines big hemoptysis as any hemoptysis of hemoptysis and any hemoptysis that may cause airway obstruction and suffocation.

Figure 1 Definition of hemoptysis

At present, there is no unified standard for the definition of children's hemoptysis. "Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children (2016)" [3] believes that hemoptysis & 8ml/kg or 200ml is hemoptysis and needs to be actively dealt with.

2

Principles of hemoptysis treatment

Corresponding treatment measures should be determined according to the severity of the patient's condition and the cause, including hemostasis, cause treatment, suffocation caused by hemoptysis, and hemorrhagic shock.

(1) General treatment: rest in bed, relieve tension, keep stool smooth; absorb oxygen, keep the airway unobstructed, encourage blood giggle, expectorant, and cough to relieve cough.

(2) Hemorrhoidal treatment: including drug stopping hemostasis, non -drug hemostasis (bronchial embolism, treatment of bronchial mirror, surgical treatment, etc.), drug hemostasis treatment is still the preferred method.

(3) Cause treatment: For example, hemoptysis caused by infection should actively resist infection, and hemoptysis caused by tumor should be given appropriate tumor -related treatment;

(4) Hem hemoptysis complications: Mainly complications such as suffocation, blood loss shock, inhaled pneumonia, and lungs are not tension. Pay attention to timely breath, expansion, anti -infection, etc.

3

Diagnosis Guidelines/Experts Recommended hemostatic drugs recommended by consensus

"Consensus Expert of Hemorrhaophoplasics (2020)" [1]: In view of the clinical hemoptysis caused by bronchial arteries or pulmonary arterial blood vessel rupture, hemoptysis is mainly chosen by pituitary pobe, oxytocin, and vascular dilator. The preferred drug is the phenoterin taboos of the pituitary tumorin. Other hemostatic drugs can only be used as auxiliary treatment measures.

"Specifications for Best hemoptysis diagnosis (2019)" [2]: It is recommended to use pituitary lobulin, hemogenese enzyme (such as white -eyebrow snake hemagglutinase, tip kiss snake blood condenase, spear head viper blood condenase, etc.) during major bleeding The above two drugs can be used together at the same time when the hemoptysis is treated to strengthen the hemostatic effect. Other drugs include sodium sulfona, adrenal gonades, and phenolsulzide.

"Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Children's Hemodorm (2016)" [3]: Recommend posterioplasses, hemagglutory enzymes, etc.

4

Introduction to hemostatic drugs

素 pituitary posterior leafin: hemoptysis, especially the preferred drugs for hemoptysis. It is currently the most commonly used, most effective, and fast -acting hemostatic drug, so it is known as the "internal medicine antibody".

Table 1

用hol Tibra: When used for pituitary taboos or ineffectiveness, especially for patients with hyperemiac, patients with hypertension and lung heart disease are more suitable [5]. However, due to its powerful diastolic blood vessels, for patients with hemoptysis with a large amount of bleeding, shock may be induced [6].

Table 2

凝 ： ：: Healing enzymes are separated and purified from snake venom, without neurotoxin and other toxins. Different varieties of different varieties are different. The viper hemorrhaase enzymes from Brazil are from Brazil's spearhead viper. White eyebrow snake venomocyric enzyme comes from Changbai Mountain white eyebrow viper. Essence

table 3

▌In combined medication:

Table 4

5

Other hemostatic drugs:

Other hemostatic drugs include 6-aminic acid, ammonia methamphetamic acid, ammonia tailram acid, phenolsulzide and so on. It is weak during hemoptysis emergency, but it can be used for subsequent hemostatic treatment as auxiliary treatment measures. If hemoptysis is caused by drug factors, such as Huafalin, heparin, etc., use corresponding antagonistic drug vitamin K and fish essence.

table 5

Note: The efficacy of aminopine and phenolsulfinine is limited. At present, there is no evidence -based medical evidence

summary:

When you encounter hemoptysis, you cannot blindly stop bleeding. You must clearly clear the cause and bleeding site, and timely treat the cause. The use of hemostatic drugs should pay attention to individualization, especially the mechanism of hemoptysis and complications of patients with hemoptysis.

references:

[1] The Beijing Physician Association Hemorrhoids Diagnosis and Treatment Expert Consensus The Consensus and Treatment of Hemorrhoids, Hemorrhoids Diagnosis and Treatment Expert Consensus. China Respiratory and Crisid Survey Magazine, 2020,19: 1-11.

[2] Chinese Physician Association Integration Medical Branch Breathing Professional Committee. Specifications for Big hemoptysis diagnosis [J]. Chinese lung disease magazine: electronic version, 2019, 12 (1): 8.

[3] Editorial Committee of the Pediatrics of the Chinese Medical Society, Editorial Committee of "Chinese Practical Pediatrics Clinical Magazine". Consensus of children's hemoptysis diagnosis and therapeutic experts [J]. Chinese Practical Pediatric Clinical Journal, 2016, 31 (20): 1525-1530: 1525-1530: 1525-1530 Then, then, then

[4] Chen Xinqian, Jin Youyu, Tang Guang. New Pharmaceutical. 17th version [M]. People's Health Publishing House, 2011.

[5] Afterglow. Phenol Temple combined with pituitary gland cure for pelvic dilatation and hemoptysis [J]. Clinical pulmonary magazine, 2014, (02): 303-305

[6] Fu Yunjie, Tong Guoqiang, Hu Yanxia, Wang Yi. Phenol Tibaumin phenototherapy and pituitary treatment of the elderly bronchial dilatation accompaniment.60

[7] Li Lindong. Patrinoin combined with phenolitheraming in the treatment of pneumatic pipe tube dilatation and hemoptysis [J]. China Medical Guide, 2013,11 (35): 55-56

Source of this article: Breathing Channel in the medical community

Editor in charge: Sweet

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