Good medicine daily science 丨 to vaccination during the high incidence of influenza is the most effective preventive means

Influenza is one of the severe respiratory infectious diseases. Recently, the national influenza monitoring information released by the National Influenza Center shows that since June, some provinces in the south have entered a high incidence of influenza, and the number of influenza cases has reached a new high in recent years. So, how can we effectively prevent flu? In this issue of good medical science, we invite Tu Jinglai, deputy chief physician and doctor of medical treatment of Chongqing People's Hospital, to answer relevant knowledge for everyone.

Expert Introduction

Tu Jing, deputy chief physician, doctor of medicine, director of internal medicine teaching, Chongqing People's Hospital's Division of Breathe and Critical Medicine, and a visiting scholar at the American MD Anderson Cancer Center. Members of Chongqing Health Popularization Expert Library.

What is flu?

Influenza, that is, the abbreviation of influenza virus, is caused by influenza virus, with strong infectious respiratory diseases. In layman's terms, it is a group of acute infectious diseases, and the virus is transmitted by the respiratory tract. Symptoms of influenza are more severe than ordinary colds, and suddenly high fever (39 ° C -40 ° C) after the onset. In addition to causing symptoms such as cough, fever, tremor, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, etc., can also cause bacterial infections, cause bronchitis and pneumonia, and even spread to the heart and central nervous system, leading to myocarditis and threatening life. Patients with poor immune forces such as the elderly and chronic cardiopulmonary diseases of the elderly and chronic cardiopulmonary diseases should pay more attention to preventing the disease.

What are the differences between ordinary colds, influenza and new crown pneumonia?

Ordinary colds: ordinary upper respiratory infectious diseases; caused by rhinoplasty, adenovirus, respiratory hypogenal virus and other common viruses; there is no obvious infectious: symptoms are mild.

Influenza: respiratory diseases caused by influenza virus; obvious infectivity; severe symptoms: high fever, headache, cough, muscle soreness and other symptoms.

New Crown Pneumonia: Symptoms of lung infection: There are manifestations of cough; severe cases can cause breathing difficulties.

How to prevent flu?

1. Inocular flu vaccine

Currently vaccination flu vaccine is an effective way to prevent influenza in the world. Immune prevention is an important measure and means to reduce influenza hazards. It is an effective way to prevent flu vaccines for high -risk people and susceptible people.

2. Washing your hands frequently

Generally speaking, influenza is mainly transmitted through air and droplets, and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or toys, so ishing hands is a more effective method. After going home, after contacting the public items, sneezing, snoting, touching the mouth, nose, front and back of the eyes, before meals, etc., you should wash your hands in time.

3. Avoid contact with people with influenza -like symptoms

You can bring a mask to go out, and go to the dense public places to avoid infection of the influenza virus. The indoor windows are often opened to ventilate, keeping the air fresh. Because the influenza virus is not heat -resistant, it is sensitive to ultraviolet rays and commonly used disinfection agents, so it can be disinfected frequently.

4. Strengthen exercise and strengthen resistance

Strengthen outdoor physical exercise and enhance physical fitness, and improve physical disease resistance. Quit smoking and alcohol, because tobacco and alcohol will reduce the body's immunity. Keeping the hygiene of the personal and living environment can also prevent the occurrence of epidemic diseases. Pay attention to personal hygiene. You should often bathe, change clothes, and bed sheets.

Health Tips: Facing Fluid -By the Nature

When the influenza strikes, the airway immune system trigger resistance to inflammation. A non -prescription drugs can relieve the duration of sore throat and cough symptoms or shorten these symptoms. However, if the following methods are used, you can face the natural course after the infection:

1. Correct nose

It is very important to get a nose regularly when you have a cold. Do not suck the mucus back to the nasal cavity. However, if the nose is too hard, the pressure may send the mucus carried by the germs into the ear canal, causing ear pain. The best way to nose is: press one nostril with your fingers, and then gently glyph nose to remove the mucus on the other side of the nasal cavity. Wash your hands in time after your nose.

2. Guarantee sufficient rest

When you have a cold or influenza, warmth and rest can help the body use energy for immune struggle. This immune struggle may consume the body. Therefore, maintaining a good rest is good for the body.

3, mouthwash

Wash can moisturize the throat and temporarily relieve sore throat. Try a teaspoon of salt to dissolve in warm water, four times a day. In order to reduce the itching of the throat, you can try to rinse or soak a tablespoon of lemon juice in two cups of hot water and mix a teaspoon of honey. Before rinse, let the mixture cool to room temperature. Children under the age of 1 should not take honey.

4. Drink hot drink

Warm drinks help relieve nasal congestion, prevent dehydration, and relieve discomfort in the nose and throat. You can also add some honey to soothe the airway.

5. Steaming bath

The steam bath can wet the nasal channel and relax you. If you are dizzy due to influenza, you can sit on a chair near the pool for steam to bathe.

6. Hot or cold compresses around congested sinuses

Any kind of temperature can help you relieve your symptoms. You can buy reusable hot packs or cold bags in the pharmacy. Or do it yourself, take a wet towel, and heated in a microwave for 20 seconds (first test the temperature to ensure that it is not too hot). Or take a small bag of freezing peas as a cold compress.

7. When sleeping, add an extra pillow under your head

Raising the head to help the drainage of the nasal channel. If the angle is too steep, try to put the pillow between the mattress and the spring to form a gradual slope.

8. Unless necessary, avoid flying

There is no need to increase pressure on the intense upper respiratory system, which is the role of air pressure changes.Due to changes in pressure during take -off and landing, mucosal congestion during flight may hurt your eardrum.If you have to fly, please consult your doctor about the use of a bloodmarking agent and carry the nasal spray with you to use it before taking off and landing.Frequent chewing gum and swallowing also help relieve stress.(Invited experts/Tu Jing Editor/Zhou Lingling Picture/Vision China)

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