[Sichuan Opera Audio] "Sichuan Opera's past and present life" Episode 9: Sichuan opera gongs and drums

Sichuan opera gongs and drums are in a very special position in the composition of Sichuan opera music and the creation of stage art. It is not only a kind of accompaniment music with the richest Sichuan opera characteristics, which is necessary for all kinds of accents in Sichuan opera, but also the role of the actor's singing, doing, chanting, and regulating. "General Outline", therefore, the Sichuan opera world has the saying of "half of the gongs, drums and half a play" and "three points and seven points."

In fact, these two sentences emphasize the importance of Sichuan opera gongs and drums in Sichuan opera from two different angles. The so -called "half of the gongs and drums and half a show" is from the entire drama. It refers to the singing of the front desk actor and the gongs and drums in the background. The two are indispensable. The so -called "three -pointers and seven points" are in terms of the relationship between actors and gongs and drums. A comprehensive actor's singing, chanting, and doing on the stage are dominated and constrained by gongs and drums. The rhythm of gongs and drums is fast, and the actors' singing, chanting, and rhythm are fast; Otherwise, there will be messy on the stage. If the emotions of gongs and actors sing, read, and do are not in line, then the strengths of the actor cannot show it. In severe cases, the actors are also dry on the stage, making the actors unable to go up, unable to sing, sing and sing, stop, causing an incomparable situation. From this perspective, Sichuan opera gongs and drums are more important than actors, so this "three -point singing and seven points" is not unreasonable.

Sichuan opera gongs and drums are composed of nine traditional musical instruments such as "single leather drums, sandalwood, big gongs, big crickets, church drums, hinges, mules, small gongs, horse gongs". "Fang" is the "scene" of Sichuan opera, which is what we are talking about now. Sichuan opera gongs and drums have a variety of performances such as literary gongs and drums, martial arts gongs and drums, cultural and military occasions with gongs and drums, small gongs and drums, special gongs and drums, darkest gongs, gongs, gongs and drums, etc. In today's show, we mainly talk about the literary gongs and drums, Martial arts gongs and drums and small gongs.

Let's talk about the gongs and drums first. The literary field gongs and drums are performed by four instruments of large gongs, big gongs, small gongs, and hinges. The sound is soothing and peaceful. It is generally used to express a calm stage atmosphere. Wait. At the same time, the rise, inheritance, transfer, and combination of the vocals also depend on the gongs and drums of the literary field. It is the most widely used and the richest performance form. The gongs and drums are generally not used, but there are exceptions. For example, in the play of "Better Cave Viewing", when Bai Yanxian aunt expresses the scenery, picking flowers, crossing the bridge, and pole, he uses the "round circle" and "small rushing hammer" gongs and drums to cooperate. With the mood of Bai Yanxian and the dance movement, the gongs and drums were slow and dancing. They were fast and slow, sometimes hit, sometimes hit, sometimes playing external movements. Sometimes they played inner feelings.

Sichuan opera "Better Cave Observation" stills

After talking about the literary gongs and drums, let's talk about the martial arts gongs and drums. The martial arts gongs and drums are performed by the four musical instruments of Da Gong, Daji, Drum, and Ma Gong. They are generally used to accompaniment emotional anger, strong atmosphere, and magnificent scenes. scene. For example, the post -horse race of Du in "Tielong Mountain", Jiao Guiying's performance in "The Temple of the Temple of God", and the battle scenes in "Three Batters and Wish Jiazhuang" all used martial arts gongs and drums to display. The martial arts gongs and drums not only have a strong stage effect in the fierce and magnificent plot scene, but also have excellent performance in lyric drama. For example, in the play of "Guizhou Volume River", when Li Jia repeatedly explained to Du Shiniang that she had sold her to the salt merchant Sun Fu as a concubine, and asked her to leave the boat the next day. It shows that Du Shiniang's anger at that time, the artistic effect was excellent.

In the end, let's talk about the little gongs and drums. Small gongs and drums are played by two musical instruments of hinges and small gongs. They are generally used to express lively, brisk, and secretly conflicts of the stage atmosphere and the inner contradictions of the characters. For example, "Ask Doctor" and "Double Worship Moon" and other relaxed and lively folding dramas, the whole drama uses small gongs and drums. Some literary dramas, such as "Three Calls" and "Jiangyouguan", have played on the role, and when the contradictions have not yet begun, they generally use small gongs and drums. In addition, Xiao Da Drum is often used in some environmental peace and tranquility, but the character's emotions are tense and panicked, so that the dramatic scenes that are extremely discordant inside and outside, such as in the play of "Forcing the nephew", Chen Miaochang hurriedly cleaned up and cleaned up Fit, eagerly chase the plot of the people, the silence of the environment and the restlessness of the character's heart form a sharp contrast. At this time, the rapid beating of the character heart rhythm with a small gongs and drums achieved a very good drama effect.

After listening to these introductions, I think everyone has found that the Sichuan opera gongs and drums are very unique in creating drama effects and rendering stage atmosphere. Lyric scenes can also express lively and playful scenes, and can even imitate dramatic sound effects such as "wind, cloud, thunder, rain, snow", and have strong expressive power and infectious power. If you also want to feel the magic of the Sichuan opera gongs and drums in person, you may wish to walk into the Sichuan Theater with us and feel the artistic charm of the Sichuan opera gongs and drums at a close range!

"Sichuan Province, Sichuan Opera" shows you the charm of Sichuan opera.

This show was jointly produced by the Sichuan Provincial Local History Office and Chengdu Radio and Television Station.

Thank you "Du Jianhua Studio" Du Jianhua's special guidance!

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Guidance: Du Jianhua

Produced: Wang Yi

Planning: Ling Fei

Writing: Yang Rui

Host: Kwai Aoi

Picture: Fang Zhi Sichuan

- END -