Picnic and feast of the universe on the roadside

Written | Yu Wang Wei

Figure 1 The reflection of the reflection in "Roadside Picnic" to "reverse" -Bi Gan 2016 [1]

"To find you

I moved into the bird's eyes

I often stare at the wind passing by "

-"Roadside Picnic" Bi Gan 2016 [1]

The "Roadside Picnic" released on July 15, 2016 tells the story of the protagonist Chen Sheng's completion of his obsession in his dream. Director Bi Gan kept asking a question in the film -how to let time go back? In the film, the director is ingenious, using clocks and fans, the retrograde of the train, and the chaotic dream, step by step in the film, the time goes back to make the regret make up.

Figure 2 "Poems on the Roadside Picnic" Chen Sheng's poems and electric fan that runs through the film -Bi Gan 2016 [1]

"Roadside Picnic" is Chen Sheng's collection of poems, which contains his life feelings and perception of the universe. The poet's thinking is escapd and romantic, and the connection with real life is as far as it is. This kind of distance makes literary works have a unique charm.

"Winter is November and December

January February March April

When my light is exposed to you

Reunion is a dark room "

-"Roadside Picnic" Bi Gan 2016 [1]

The film is the art of light and shadow, and the cosmology is also the science of light and shadow. In an interview, Bi Gan said that he was not a fans, but his favorite director was Andrei Tarkovsky. Andre Tacovsky wrote in "Evanizing Time": "In the form of facts and expression of sculpting time -this is the most important idea of ​​movies as art." [2] and photon as the "film of the universe ", Carved the time of the universe.

Observation universe can be traced back to a "hot explosion" of 13.8 billion years ago. The 2.7k that "the universe is flashing for you" mentioned in it. At that time, the universe was about 380,000 years old. Before that, the temperature of the universe was very high. A large amount of particles inside were boiled in this bowl of hot soup. It was not far from the "hot soup".

Figure 3 "Flying to Space" in Sora Lris's sticky surface -Andre Tacovsky 1972 [3]

When the temperature of the universe continues to decrease, the "hot soup" becomes clear, photons and other substances begin to be deserted, run freely in the universe, will not be intercepted by other materials halfway, and a long "water drift" is hit. To this day, it was observed by experiments such as PLANCK and formed the first frame of the universe, as shown in Figure 4 [4].

Figure 4 Morwett of the whole sky of the universe microwave background [4]

After getting this picture, everyone was very excited, but it was more puzzled. This picture is too "uniform". The temperature in different directions in different directions of the universe microwave background radiation is only one hundred thousand in the background temperature [5], and the universe is 2.7K everywhere. This is equivalent to the "alien" that is far away from the universe. Without discussing with you, we wore the same style of clothes today. The universe has changed us a "magic", just like Christopher Nolan's "Space Instant" magic in "Deadly Magic". How can there be an extremely close temperature when the first frame is photographed when the first frame is photographed in the first frame when the universe is not discussed in advance?

Nolan revealed the mystery in the film (the magician is actually twins. They discuss the same clothes every morning and perform magic at night. "". The universe just gave us a "eye -catching method". In the early days, the universe may experience a process of accelerated expansion, so that both ends of the universe had the opportunity to call each other to say "wear the same clothes" The background of the universe has the information of "wearing the same clothes" more than we think we thought before. Alan Guth [6], Andrei Linde [7] and Alexei Starobinsky [8] revealed the "magic" of the universe, and elegantly explained the first frame of the traditional "hot explosion" theory.

"Fate of Fate

I set up forty -two windmills for me

Nature that is constantly natural

The universe comes from balance

The planet nearby comes from echo ""

-"Roadside Picnic" Bi Gan 2016 [1]

After a "shout" of the "hot bang", the universe began to build the starry sky with its "echo". However, at this time, the universe must break its balance, that is, we need to use the three conditions of Andrei Sakharov to produce visible substances in our lives. The first condition is to have the process of "net" to produce these substances; the second condition is that the early universe needs to destroy some symmetry, so that the response rate of the generated and consumed of these substances is different; The process. This process makes the plot in our lives in our lives (Christopher Nolan 2020): humans from the "anti -particle" that shuttle around the road (but at this time they will not "go down" because They are "anti -particles" and do not experience anti -entropy). Otherwise, at this time, you have to worry about it when you walk, don't accidentally hit the "anti -particle" friend and occur in an "annihilation" accident. After the generation of hydrogen and 素 elements, due to the high temperature of the universe at this time, the electrons in the universe are very lively. They are like a tireless and playful child who can not sleep on their beds at ease. Fill in atomic orbit. However, as the universe slowly cools down, the electrons are also tired. Accompanied by a large number of hydrogen molecules and molecules. Since there are not enough electrons to play with photons, photons are free to play in the universe freely, forming formation to form formed Cosmic microwave background radiation. After that, hydrogen molecules and molecules were roaming in space in the universe "dark period". At this time, the first star has not been generated. Slowly, they began to be gathered by gravity, formed the first stars, and then continued to collapse by gravity. After the process of "supernova explosion", other elements were generated, and we separated from our universe again. When we were here, nearby planets were formed.

Astronomers are very enthusiastic about shooting "documentary" to different planets. They use the best telephoto lenses, hoping to record the "diet men and women" of various planets, such as the Webb Teless Mirror of the first batch of photos recently, and there are still Like "Picnic Roadside", Fast Sky Eye, which is also infiltrated in the subtropical monsoles of Guizhou. But astronomers often have no intention of drunkard. They want to repair and restore the cosmic videos through the shooting of the planet. Just as Takovsky said in "Evanizing Time", when he filmed water grass in "Flying to Space", he actually wanted to depict water, but the water was transparent and it was difficult to capture the beauty of the dynamics of water, so he was he Express water through water plants: "The rhythm in the movie is conveyed by the life of the visible object in the camera. According to the swing of the river water plants, the water flow and water pressure can be judged. Similarly, the flow of time also means in the lens The flowing life process itself. "[2] There is also such an ingredient that is difficult to observe directly in the universe, that is, dark energy. The experimental team led by Adam Riess through observations of supernovas, and found that our universe is currently accelerating the expansion, and explaining the most concise and beautiful theory of this phenomenon requires a negative pressure in the universe. Adam Riess picked up the " Einstein's error "(cosmology often) has captured the trace of dark energy [9].

Figure 5 "Flying to Space" The aquatic grass floating in the water -Andre Tacovsky 1972 [3]

In addition to dark energy, there are many other components in our universe. We use the "documentary" of the universe microwave background radiation, supernova and Chongzi acoustic oscillations to the universe and stars, and assume that the component is a "puzzle game". What kind of universe distribution ratio can "reproduce" the universe? We can capture the traces of the cosmic component by calculating the probability of each ratio. Through Planck observation [10], it can be concluded that about 70 % of the components in the current universe are dark energy, and the rest are invisible dark matter, and then we usually see and touch it. The ordinary substances in the end are the radiation of light. This means that when we look up at the starry sky at night, the secrets of the quiet nights are much more than the flickering stars.

The secrets in the night are far more than that. In 1823, German astronomer Olbers paced under the night, but he missed "the universe comes from balance", but his "echo" made the universe but the universe made the universe The scholar scared a cold sweat. He found that if the universe is constant and stable and infinite, the planet is evenly distributed in it, then the light of the planet is weakened as they's distance, and the effect of the number of planets increases with the increase of the distance. The increase in the planet, then the infinite universe will give us eternal light, and we will not see the night.

The key to solving the Obest paradox lies in "nearby planets come from echo". The theory of "Hot Bang" in the universe believes that the universe is not constant and stable and infinite. Obez's paradox proves the theory of "Hot Bang" in the universe.

"All turns are hidden in dense birds

Neither the sky and the ocean are noticed

You can see it with a dream "

-"Roadside Picnic" Bi Gan 2016 [1]

Supernova and cosmic microwave background radiation observations can be used to do the "puzzle game" of the universe component, but when they are fighting "currently expansion speed of the universe", that is, "Hubble constant", they find that the two experimental puzzles given "Hubble Harbal "Constant" value is different. The result of the supernova observation represents our understanding of the current universe, and the results of the cosmic microwave background radiation observation reflect our early cognition of the universe. The difference in the measurement of "Hubble Mins" is equivalent to the supernova observation telling us that the universe is currently 1.73 meters tall, and the Planck experimental group has been converted to tell us that the universe is currently 1.67 meters tall. In other words, we may not know enough about the universe. Cosmic "standard models" need to be expanded. We may have misunderstood the method of puzzle and find the formal formula of the wrong height. The factors we have not considered. Our puzzle itself has a problem. The ruler is not a standard ruler. This problem is called the "Hubble constant crisis" [11]. This "crisis" is still suspended, and the universe is waiting for everyone to answer this question. At the end of the film "Roadside Picnic", Chen Sheng seemed to see the time back when he woke up like a dream. When we studied the universe, the light that "watched" may come from 13.8 billion years ago. At the beginning of "Roadside Picnic", the director's first shot adopted the J-CUT editing method, the advanced sound (cough sound), and then the image (the flash of the light). The universe is also a movie master. Before the formation of the cosmic microwave background radiation, a rich "sound" was generated. The universe also made a J-CUT, allowing us to "hear" the earlier gravitational waves earlier than the formation of the universe microwave background radiation. Hearing the first shout of the universe. A large part of studying cosmology is to study the history of the universe. Between light and shadow, we follow the universe in observing experiments, theoretical deductions and computer simulation. The strange point of theory.

On February 26 this year, it was the 90th birthday of François Truffaut François Truff. At the end of his masterpiece "Four Hundred Strikes", he filmed a running by the sea The teenager, in the last shot, the confused boy is facing us, as if you are saying: "You have been watching my story, so please tell me what to do now." Where are we studying the universe and where is the future of the universe? In the past few years, studies have stated that the final fate of the universe may be collapsed [12], but this also needs further exploration and discussion. For us, the universe is a confused boy. How did he/she grow at first? We are full of questions. In the end, what kind of adult will he be? We don't know. However, what we can do is running on the beach and running to the beach like this teenager.

Figure 6 The teenager who ran to the beach to look at the camera in the "Four Hundred Hits"

references

[1]. Bi Gan's "Picnic Anti -Bencence" was released on July 15, 2016

[2]. Andre Tacovsky translated Zhang Xiaodong's "Sculpture Time" Nanhai Publishing Company, May 2016

[3]. Andre Tacovsky "Flying to Space" was released on March 20, 1972

[4]. Planck color, n. Aghanim (organay, IAS) et al. Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmology of Planck E-PRINT: 1807.06205 [ASTRO-PH.CO] doi: 10.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.1. /201833880 (publication) published in: Astron.astrophys. 641 (2020), A1

[5]. COBE Collaboration, George F. Smoot et al. Structure in the COBE differential microwave radiometer first year maps DOI: 10.1086/186504 Published in: Astrophys.J.Lett. 396 (1992), L1-L5, Astrophys.J . 396 (1992), L1-L5

[6]. Alan H. Guth (SLAC) The Inflationary Universe: A POSSIBLE SOLUTION to the Horizon and Flablem Doi: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.23.347 Published In: PHYS.D5.D 23 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981), 33 (1981). Ser.Astrophys.Cosmol. 3 (1987), 139-148 (reprint)[7]. Andrei D. Linde (Lebedev Inst.) A New Inflationary Universe Scenario: A Possible Solution of the Horizon, Flatness, Homogeneity, Isotropy and Primordial Monopole Proplems Doi: 10.1016/0370-2693 (82) 91219-9 Published in: phys.lett.b 108 (1982), 389-393, in *moscow 1981, proceedings, quantum gravity *, 185-195 aND inclSC PHYS. Acad. Sci. -81-229 (81, rec.dec.) 15p, adv.ser.astrophys.cosmol. 3 (1987), 149-153 (reprint)

[8]. Alexei A. Starobinsky (Cambridge U. and Landau Inst.) A New Type of Isotropic Cosmological Models Without Singularity DOI: 10.1016/0370-2693(80)90670-X Published in: Phys.Lett.B 91 (1980 ), 99-102, adv.ser.astrophys.cosmol. 3 (1987), 130-133,

[9]. Supernova Search Team, Adam G. Riess (UC, Berkeley, Astron. Dept.) et al. Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant e-Print: astro-ph/9805201 [astro-ph ] Doi: 10.1086/300499 published in: Astron.j. 116 (1998), 1009-1038

[10]. Planck Collaboration, N. Aghanim (Orsay, IAS) et al. Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters e-Print: 1807.06209 [astro-ph.CO] DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201833910 (publication) , 10.1051/0004-6361/201833910e (erratum) published in: Astron.astrophys. 641 (2020), A6, Astron.astrophys. 652 (2021), C4 (Erratum)

[11].Eleonora Di Valentino (Durham U., IPPP), Olga Mena (Valencia U., IFIC), Supriya Pan (Presidency U., Kolkata), Luca Visinelli (Frascati), Weiqiang Yang (Liaoning Normal U.) et Al. In the realm of the hubble tension-a review of solution e-print: 2103.01183 [Astro-PH.CO] Doi: 10.1088/1361-6382/AC086d Published in: Class.quant.Grav. 153001[12]. Eleonora Di Valentino (Manchester U.), Alessandro Melchiorri (Rome U.), Joseph Silk (Oxford U. and Paris, Inst. Astrophys. and Johns Hopkins U.) Planck evidence for a closed Universe and a possible Crisis for COSMOLOGY E-PRINT: 1911.02087 [Astro-PH.CO] Doi: 10.1038/S41550-019-0906-9 Public Astron. 4 (2019) 2, 196-203

[13]. Francov Trifave "Four Hundred Strikes" released on June 3, 1959

Introduction to the author /Profile /

Author: Yu Wang Wei, a doctoral student 2020 in the Institute of theoretical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Research direction: gravity and cosmology.

Instructor: Researcher Cai Ronggen.

This article is authorized to reprint from the WeChat public account "Institute of theoretical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences".

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