Re -detecting the multiple faces of Chinese martial arts ｜ Shenzhen Hong Kong Book Review · Fragrant Flower

■ Chen Wei

When talking about Chinese martial arts, what do you think of? The general public's mind, or a set of kung fu and martial arts movies will emerge immediately. On the contrary, in terms of martial arts enthusiasts, martial arts are the unique skills of Master's careful guidance, coupled with long -term hard exercise and exercise. The above are undoubtedly one of the faces of Chinese martial arts. In fact, with the twists and turns of modern history, Chinese martial arts have also undergone a variety of impacts and transformations, and have mixed the elements of nationalism, entertainment leisure, and the connotation has become complicated and rich. So, when we talk about "Chinese martial arts", what are we actually talking about? As historians and martial artists, Mai Jinsheng combined martial arts and majors, and wrote "Zhi Ge as a martial arts" based on Hong Kong, and later with another martial artist Liu Jiyao, "Weiyao Jingwen", expanded his vision to expand his vision The history of martial arts in modern China. Both masterpieces have collected rich text and multimedia data, which track and restore the multi -faces of modern Chinese martial arts from multiple parties. Chinese martial arts in history may be more exciting than what we see in our movies.

Martial arts, indifferent true truth

In the early years of the Chinese circle, there was a wave of "kung fu" and "martial arts", and there are still new sons. After 90, I also grew up for milk for these movies. Bruce Lee's wonderful fighting, from the two people, to one enemy ten, fist to meat, the degree of dizzying is not inferior to modern science fiction movies. When I grew up to relive these movies and truly studying martial arts, I found that Chinese martial arts culture is a crystalline of multiple elements aggregation: in addition to actual fighting technology and exercise function, it also contains several moral norms and ethnic groups. Trivia. Taking "Jingwu Gate" as an example, Chen Zhen played by Bruce Lee sent the plaque of "East Asian Diseases" back to Hongkou Road, defeated all the martial arts in the dojo with superb kung fu, and asked two of them to eat the "East Asian sick husband" paper. These bridge sections have sent warriors to the emotions of nation, country and history.

▲ Hong Kong Jingwu Sports Association.

But is this really the original appearance of Chinese martial arts? In the process of practicing martial arts and reading history, Mai Jinsheng and Liu Jiyao gradually reflected the historical images of Chinese martial arts. Through "going to familiarity", the author believes that the history of the 20th century dominates our views on martial arts today. Contemporary martial arts images are the accumulation of modern history- "Back to the history of Chinese martial arts we are interested in, the more ancient information, the more ancient information. The less, the simpler the person and the matter, but as the historical advancement, the more you get it "(" Weishwu Scripture ", p. 3). Therefore, martial arts do not care about the real appearance, and some are just endless evolution. The author tries to outline the historical context and power of the modern Chinese martial arts image.

"The Modern Statistics of the Creation of Chinese Martial Arts" Mai Jinsheng Liu Jiyao

Sanlian Bookstore (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. in June 2022

From "martial arts" to "national art"

The word "martial arts" has two contradictory interpretations. Starting from Oracle, "Ge" is a weapon, "stop" is the toe, which means walking, and "Wu" vividly describes the image of the soldiers. However, in "Spring and Autumn Left Biography", "Zhi Ge is martial arts" was interpreted by King Chuzhuang as the meaning of peaceism. "

Regardless of how to explain, ancient martial arts could not be related to the military. The Ming and Qing dynasties, which are regarded as the prosperous of the martial arts, also have huge demand for force. The "Weiyu Jingwen" pointed out that the situation of border defense in the Ming Dynasty was severe, and a large number of people fell into grass because of their hardships. In addition to the development of printing, many military works should be published and published. The authors of these works are mostly famous people in the Ming Dynasty. They use words and even pictures, which are easy to understand and learn, but concentrated in actual military applications, focusing on the spirit and discipline of the group, and rarely talk about personal martial arts and martial arts. In the Qing Dynasty, folk martial arts grew because of the secret organization of anti -Qing Dynasty and local group practice in responding to the robber. The former combines the elements of religion and monsters, strengthens the authority of the leaders in the community, and also enhances the dependence relationship between believers. Although the latter is not capable of enemy pirates, it also popularizes some basic military knowledge and helps the spread of martial arts.

China has been in ancient times, and the martial arts high -strength person has the responsibility to support the weak and help the weak, and the evil punishment and punishment. The Boxer incident was the long -term knight spirit and monster thought, combined with the chaos in the late Qing Dynasty and the exciting emotions of the Chinese people. Many practitioners tried to fight against Western powers with the cold weapons with magical power, and eventually lost to the artillery of foreign guns. The Boxer incident proved that the practical value of Chinese martial arts in the hot weapon era was limited, and the "superstition" stigma was also stained. Later, it was temporarily able to temporarily "superstitious" to regain the new life.

▲ Chinese boxing co -starring paintings.

In the trend of Western learning style and modernization, people with aspiring borrowing Western knowledge and sports resources to update Chinese martial arts, making them routines, regulations can be followed, and the goals are also based on strong physical fitness. "image of. Zhang Zhijiang and others successfully promoted the National Government to establish the Central China Museum in 1929. The country officially participated in the work of organizing the Chinese martial arts system, and the national arts to win the martial arts of different schools in China, established the relationship between traditional martial arts and modern countries, and gradually shaped shape. The contemporary appearance of martial arts. The two authors of "Weibu Jingwen" shuttled the historical materials and research of different eras, and flexibly combined with the historical background of modern China to rigorously reconstruct the turning process from "martial arts" to "national art", which also reflects the Chinese martial arts reason. Military to sports. Today, Chinese martial arts and national arts have almost become homosexuals, and there are no different meanings. Who had thought about it a hundred years ago, but the Chinese tried to sit with the traditional martial arts cuts due to the incident of the law and the regiment? The birth of "martial arts" and "kung fu"

"Weishwu Sutra" discusses the history of modern Chinese martial arts, and Mai Jinsheng's own "Zhi Ge for Martial Arts" is based on the development of Chinese martial arts in Hong Kong, which exactly supplements where "Wei" has not been mentioned. Mai Jinsheng started at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time, a large number of Northern and South martial arts masters came to Hong Kong for a temporary living. Different genres grew up in Hong Kong. The method of relationship, martial arts environment and kick -kick response. The Guangdong Martial Arts has a tradition of night porridge for a lot of brothers. After coming to Hong Kong, the hawker was worked. At 10 o'clock every night, it provided porridge in the Linli area of ​​the martial arts. Metaphor. Mai Jinsheng depicts the dynamic side of the martial arts life through these small details.

"Zhi Ge is martial arts: Chinese martial arts in Xiangjiang" (adding version) Mai Jin was born

Sanlian Bookstore (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. in July 2022

The colorful martial arts and kung fu world are also born due to traditional martial arts. The novelist uses traditional martial arts to describe the martial arts in the story, and it has a more picture of reading. The film company also introduced the real kung fu of the Nanpai to make the Huang Feihong series, replacing the simple martial arts films of the production at that time, and the martial arts films with fist -to -flesh are windy. Bruce Lee, a "phenomenon -level" international movie star. Hong Kong martial arts films, kung fu films and action movies have since become the golden lacquer sign of Hong Kong movies.

▲ The film "Huang Feihong" crew.

In addition, traditional martial arts also stimulate the trend of martial arts novels. In 1953, Wu Gongyi, a master of Taiji Boxing, and Chen Kefu, a master of Baihe Boxing, was reproduced through newspapers, setting off the wave of new martial arts novels in Hong Kong. It is popular and laid the foundation for the future martial arts world. These film and television works have shaped a large number of Chinese people's impression of Chinese martial arts, allowing us to imagine the Chinese art. After reading this book, we can find that this imagination is not far away from the realistic martial arts.

Chinese martial arts walking at the crossroads

Traditional martial arts under the aura of popular culture seem to be beautiful, however, there is always a gap between reality and imagination. Judging from the data of the 1970s, the crime rate of the young people of martial arts is high, and people may not have a good impression of martial arts. At the same time, as Hong Kong enters industrialization, the number of entertainment options has increased, and the number of martial artists has decreased. In modern times, the actual combat and sports value of national art has been challenged by different martial arts genres in the world. What is the way out of traditional martial arts?

The answer of the author is that when it comes out of fighting skills, Chinese martial arts is a series of culture, spirit and etiquette, and the history of the community is deducted. Among them, the skills can be applied to other martial arts or to life. As described in the two books, there is still a sky outside the system. How warriors will continue to move forward in accordance with contemporary technology and social demand elements, it is worth thinking about.

(The author is a master's degree in history of the Chinese University of Hong Kong)

Source ｜ Jingbao APP

Edit: Chen Zhangwei

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