"Sociologists" in the era of reconstruction: formation process and academic response

Source: "Chinese Social Sciences Digest" 2022, No. 6 P25 -P26

Author: Zhao Chao

Unit: Nanjing University School of Social College, the original "" Sociologists "in the era of rebuilding: Formation of the process and academic response preliminary exploration", from the "Journal of Shanghai University" 2022, Wang Ning picked up

In the history of sociology, the group of sociology people undoubtedly plays an extremely important role: on the one hand, their academic career and even the entire heart path are the side portrayal of the history of the subject; on the other hand, their knowledge and thoughts are also very good Large determines the current situation of the discipline. In this sense, in order to understand and even study the history of sociology, and study the social structure and changes from a more magnificent perspective, it will inevitably be linked to the social science group.

More than 40 years ago, reform and opening up and the recovery and reconstruction of sociology provided institutional conditions for the re -start of the discipline, and also formed the earliest "sociologists" in the reconstruction era. The first step in the road to school after the break.

Different from the early Chinese sociologists -as well as most overseas sociologists -the uniqueness of the group of "sociologists" in the era is that they do not show a direct conversion from students to scholars in their academic career Instead, it has experienced a transition from "social person" to "sociologist".

1. Natural "field heritage": the unique experience of "sociologist"

On -site research or field survey is a basic research method that is different from other social sciences and humanities. Generally speaking, when sociologists use a group or organization as their own research objects, they need to become one of them first in order to obtain the required first -hand information as much as possible, and they will become "others" who will become "others". Essence After collecting enough information, sociologists were pulled out from the status of the members and re -research from the perspective of researchers. The completion of this study includes two aspects: First, sociologists need to have certain theoretical knowledge reserves in order to refine the experience and facts of them into knowledge and even theory during the field survey. Second A research theme and targeted underground fields are integrated into the surrounding environment you want to study. However, the "sociologists" studied in this article have not been educated and academic training in the strict sense of adolescents and youth. At the same time, they are involved in the social structure in different forms. These special experiences make them significant Sociology people are different. If the field survey of sociologists is part of the sociology life created by the people, then the "mixed rivers and lakes" during the educational break -up period make a group of "sociologists" have a near -spontaneous consciousness that reflect on society itself.

As far as the "sociologist" group is concerned, most of them have gone up the mountain and the countryside, and the rest are worked or worked in industrial and mining, farms and other places, that is, from the storm of revolutionary waves, they were thrown to society to society. The bottom layer. The way of survival and life experience of these "social people" made "sociologists" have a special "field heritage" in later academic careers. The so -called "field of field" mainly refers to a potential internal consciousness that affects their research fields, research purpose, and way of thinking in the academic career of "sociologists". The special events experienced in a certain period, these incidents existing in a specific social structure at that time.

2. Type analysis of "Shi Xun Erxin": academic response during the period of social transformation

After clarifying the formation of "sociologists" and their characteristics, what we need to explore is the way they respond to, that is, how "sociologists" have a dual experience from the perspective of "social people" and "academic people "-" Scholars' two directions " -respond to the social structure and changes during the transition period. Of course, the sense of "sociologists" and the significance and value of their respective academic practice are not the focus of this study. What we must pay attention to is how the special field experience of this sociological group has Their academic practice is associated, or in other words, they are personal experiences from the process from break -up to continuity, from traditional to modern, and at the same time are the research subjects of experience reality of the world. Essence

Although "sociologists" have published diverse academic achievements, due to the typical nature of academic masterpieces, their "scholars and two -way" academic response can be roughly divided into three types.

First, in order to find the appropriate paradigm or theory of the era and transformation process, some scholars focus on the research and method research, so as to try to provide more local research perspectives, orientation and paths. Throughout the history of sociology or the history of social thoughts, the proposal, verification, and reflection of theory and methods are both the way to improve experience research and the main factor to promote the development of the entire ideological community. For sociological theories, for the Chinese academic community, in the absence of scientific research tools and methods, it is necessary to experience the process of reflection from the theory, thoughts, and methods proposed by foreign scholars to reflect on their theory and propose their own theoretical perspective. And this kind of reflection leads to two exploration paths: First, the paradigm proposed by Western scholars carefully and minimize the problem of "soil and water" as much as possible; In comparison, try to construct an analysis path and even paradigm that constructs its own historical and cultural context in an attempt to construct its own historical and cultural context. Second, "sociologists" conducted experience research in a person who experienced records. As one of the process of social changes in China, the social changes in the reform and opening up have made the "sociologists" in which the "sociologist" responds to different degrees of response in academic practice. Of course, no matter from which angle, it is probably still from the dimensions of macro and micro. "Chinese experience", including the "Chinese model" and "Chinese road", all belong to the concept or scene of macro dimension. "Chinese experience" is a structural or institutional macro change, or more specifically, it is in the background of globalization and social transformation. Development and lesson. Correspondingly, the "Chinese experience" at the micro -level refers to changes in values ​​and social mentality. It includes both positive factors such as competition, openness, and progress, and negative factors such as indifference and impetuousness. The social mentality has something in common, and there are also the unique psychological characteristics of the Chinese when facing the modernization process.

Third, the scholars use the foundation of birth and growth, the place of labor, the ethnic group, the diaspora, the scholar, etc., and use the "self" group to carry out different degrees of "strangeness" and conduct self -counter -sex research. Due to the nature of the subject, "sociologists" tend to suspend their subjective value judgment when studying the complicated issues, because subjective factors are often one of the sensitive factors that hinder the sensitivity of the scholars engaged in experience practice Essence Of course, for the theme choice of the scholar, the more strange the surrounding experience reality can limit its subjectivity, thereby stimulating its sensitivity. After all, even if you experience it as a non -scholar, strangeness generally means confrontation with familiarity. This opposite nature will undoubtedly break the natural acceptance when they are familiar. However, due to the convenience of research or the accidental nature of academic practice, in academic practice, it is inevitable that you will face what you are familiar with, especially when dealing with the familiar groups sense. This group that is closely associated with "sociologists" itself and corresponding to the "other group" is called "my group". Of course, if the extension of this concept is expanded, "my group" can also refer to the familiar social property of the researchers' own background and the area where they live. But in the face of "my group", the familiarity of familiarity does not mean that the scholars are not suitable for studying "my group", nor does it mean the absolute questioning of its research results. When engaged in the research of "my group", what needs to be done is to hand over the "self", and then let go of themselves in the process of research, and through the "self" "others" to achieve transcendence of "self".

It is undeniable that because the research field of "sociologists" mostly has the characteristics of cross theme, so that the "scholars and two directions" of different "sociologists" are more or less mixed. It is difficult for people to take a clear division of results, so this classification method only places a type of individual in the field of study as much as possible into a type of "scholars and two directions" in the field of research. "(Shi) and" Social Man "(庶) (庶), as two types of concepts, shows that the research fields of different people are located between the two, and they have some tendency due to their respective fields. Therefore, when this tendency is presented in a group form, we can see that it sways between the two concepts according to the experience level of the research object.

As a sociology of the discipline, "sociologists" participate in the reconstruction of the subject with the role of pioneer, and the academic practice of the juniors of sociologists, so that the disciplinary knowledge system can be preliminarily preliminary in China with the joint efforts of generations before and after generations. Establishing, but this does not mean that the system is completely mature, such as theoretical theory of Chinese social thought, the contribution of Chinese theory, and the Chinese philosophy and social science discourse system. As far as the social structure is concerned, since the reform and opening up, Chinese society has undergone sharp changes. Today, the change is still continuing; at the same time, based on the global background, China's status and its changes have always been closely related to the world pattern. Therefore, the social view and world outlook of critical inheritance of academic predecessors and the construction of academic discourse rights are the tasks of younger generations and even generations.

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