Let education return the essence!"Double Decrease" first -line observation

Now, the second semester after the "double reduction" is about to end. Different voices are widely spread in the field and the Internet. It is a bit praised and questioned. Education authorities at all levels need to go deep into grassroots investigations and introduce more detailed execution plans.

China Well -off Network Exclusive Specialty

Text | "Well -off" · China Well -off reporter Liu Jianhua

Let education return the essence. In July 2021, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Reduce the burden of student homework and off -campus training during the compulsory education stage", which officially opened the prelude to the "double reduction" work. In the 2022 work points released by the Ministry of Education, "double reduction" is still the top priority.

The purpose of the "double reduction" policy is to promote the comprehensive development and healthy growth of students. Since the release of the "double reduction" documents in July last year, a series of measures aimed at the implementation of the implementation of "double reduction" began to actively promote it across the country.

Today, the implementation of the "double reduction" policy is about to be fully implemented for one year. What is the implementation? To find out, "Xiaokang" magazine, China Well -off reporter went to Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Zhejiang and other places for front -line investigations Essence

The end of an era and the beginning of a new era

"Every day after school, the time is full, Monday Chinese, Mathematics on Tuesday, Piano on Wednesday, English on Thursday, Friday painting, weekend dance, basketball, Olympician ..." Chen Xiaoxiao's parents of the third grade of "Xiaokang" magazine, China The reporter from Xiaokang said. Children's extra -curricular time needs to be accurately arranged. Parents are tired and children are tired, but there is no way. She admits, "If you don't learn, how to deal with this competitive society in the future."

Chen Xiaoxiao's parents' simple sentences revealed the voice of most parents. "

At the National Two Conferences of 2021, a number of representatives of the National People's Congress and a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference involved the topic of reducing the burden of students during compulsory education. Among the funds, the education industry was also pushed to the cusp in this wave of discussions.

Letting education regain the essence is the national policy and the firm thinking of the central government.

Generally, the implementation of each national policy will be trial and promoted. However, the rapid control of the strict control of external education and training institutions made all the teachers and training people deeply surprised.

At first, when I saw the "double reduction" document, many people in the teaching and training industry did not expect that the speed of this change was so fast and so thorough. Today, they have to admit that "the era of education and training is over."

At the moment of self -rescue of life and death, every move of each institution was exposed to the light light. New Oriental founder Yu Minhong twice rumored in the circle of friends. One time after the "double reduction" official announcement, a screenshot of the course of "New Oriental will carry out a summer training camp for middle school, students take a large cruise ship to the public sea, eat and accommodate, and study, and study, and the screenshot of the course is spread. : "In this difficult time, you have to fall down the stones?" Another time is that New Oriental's "transformation training parent" is interpreted as or will engage in discipline training for parents. He explained that New Oriental has made thousands of family education lectures and is mainly public welfare.

You can't be silent in the future and high journey.先是好未来创始人、CEO张邦鑫发出了“不配论”：“我们这些机构配不上我们的客户了，我们公司也配不上我们的高管和干部了。”紧接着，高途创始人兼In the internal letter of the CEO, CEO Chen Xiangdong used five "sorry" to show the difficult situation of the company behind the company.

The big brothers in the education circle rolled around, and some of the helmsmen of some small and medium -sized education companies had to find a way to live. The capital that once sought after online education was an emergency exit, and dare not extend an angle.

For a while, almost all the K12 education companies, which were in full swing in the first two years, were shrinking, significantly layoffs, and transformed into a living. In 8 months, the three giants of the US stock market education are good in the future, New Oriental, and highway. The total market value of the three companies has fallen from the highest at the highest at the highest at the highest at the highest at the highest at the highest at the highest to 7 billion US dollars today. Essence

A near trillion market collapsed. The first thing that happened was the wave of departure in the teaching and training industry. In the first month, almost all educational companies that could be named were layoffs. According to reports, there are 700,000 educational institutions across the country, and the number of practitioners in the education industry has reached millions.

An industry person analyzed that in this tide of departure, it is relatively easy to find new opportunities to find new opportunities. The most difficult thing is those who have done more than ten years of teachers or teaching -related work. Naturally, it is very painful.

These practitioners did not have "rice bowls", but they had to admit that the teaching and training industry did need a big change.

Chen Jing, vice president of Blue Elephant Capital Investment, used the classic lines of the movie "Young and Dangerous" to describe this "double reduction" rectification: "If there is something wrong, you must recognize it, and be beaten to stand up!" She said that in the face Do not drill the emptiness of the policy, but take the opportunity to reflect and summarize and let education return to the essence of education. This is the true meaning of this big change.

However, various players in the off -campus training industry transferred the bow to explore the direction of quality education, adult education, and education hardware in full swing. These actions have also been interpreted as "slow troops" by some people in the industry. "There is no track in the off -campus training industry that can have the scale of the K12 track," a person in the industry explicitly stated. Difficulty in landing

Over the past year, there has been a lot of changes inside and outside the campus.

Whether it is students, parents, teachers, schools, or education authorities, no one doubts the determination of the central government's "double reduction" policy. "From the timetable for various policies, it can be seen that in mid -May last year, the Ministry of Education established the supervisory department of off -campus training institutions; in late May, the 19th meeting of the Central Committee of the Central Committee for comprehensive deepening reform committee reviewed and approved the" Furthermore to further reduce compulsory education education The Opinions of the Student's Assignment burden and off -campus training burdens ", which clearly investigate and deal with problems such as inconsistent existence of qualifications, chaos, taking advantage of the opportunity to collect money, and linked profit with schools; The hall officially issued the "double reduction" opinion; on July 30, the General Office of the Ministry of Education issued the "Notice on Further Clarifying the Academic and Non -disciplinary Scope of Outside Class Training in Compulsory Education", clarifying the discipline and non -disciplines of off -school training in the compulsory education stage Category scope; on August 11, the Office of the Education Supervision Committee of the State Council issued a special notice to emphasize that in order to increase work supervision and promote the timely rectification of problems, the Office of the Education Supervision Committee of the State Council will establish a 'double reduction' exposure platform to implement and implement the implementation and implementation of the implementation. The work that does not implement, or after many reports that are still not in place, are directly exposed in the media, and the relevant accountability procedures are started in accordance with the "Education Supervision and Accountability Measures" ... Is it so closely introduced by the national level? "The person in charge of the Education Department of the Guizhou Provincial Provincial Department of Education told reporters.

"According to the central policy, as soon as the school started in the second half of last year, it was necessary to implement the 5+2 post -school custody service, but at that time, because most of them just started the work, the unsuccessful experience and model can be used for reference. Everyone is everyone. It is a huge difficulty in the implementation while implementing it. The difficulty is huge, but this is also a dead order, and I have to meet the difficulties. "The person in charge revealed that after communicating with the person in charge of the education bureaus of various places, everyone found that everyone had the same the same. Puzzled.

The relevant person in charge of the Liupanshui City Education Bureau of Guizhou Province also admitted in an interview with reporters that because the supporting implementation plan did not come down, and 5+2 had to execute it. Therefore, it was only allowed to let the teachers in the school bear the work. "In the first month, you can receive a call from more than a dozen education bureaus, school teachers, and parents from all counties and districts in jurisdiction to reflect all kinds of problems. At that time, the Municipal Education Bureau was in fact There are no better solutions. The most done can only explain and appease the caller. "He summarized to reporters that at the beginning, the biggest opinion was the school teacher. They also had families and their own children. , But you have to give up your family and children, extend the children of others for two hours, and are voluntary labor, which leads to the increasing voices of opposition.

In fact, the problems encountered by Liupanshui City are also common problems encountered by Guangxi, West of Huxi, and northwestern Guangdong.

Fortunately, some economically developed first -tier cities are not a piece of white paper service. For example, Guangzhou, Hangzhou and other places are promoting 430 projects around 2017. The essence is the second class in the school. 5 After the +2 policy is landed, the docking is started, because there is a relatively smooth connection after the foundation of the previous class.

However, it is not perfect docking. When investigating in northwestern Guangdong, the reporter found that although the 430 -class service was implemented before, the policy was introduced by many speculators of people with connections, thinking that this was a greater business opportunity. According to a local district education bureau director, there is a security labor export company that has no education qualifications at all. Management is chaotic. "Imagine, how can a company doing labor export be well educated?" However, the director also told reporters, "In the past year, although the service work after class has not achieved the expected effect, the interaction of home and school is more timely and rapidly. In the next job, we will summarize the lessons and lessons and re -formulate the plan for bidding. "

The director emphasized that "not only must we do a good job of inclusive custody services, we also need to strengthen the introduction of special courses to achieve one school and one characteristic. Therefore, the requirements of platforms and institutions will also be stricter."

Director of the Education Bureau of the county -level city -level city -level city -level city in Guangdong told reporters, "People with educational feelings must be done well. Enter the education industry. "

In the past six months, Zhang Hua (pseudonym), a member of the Party Committee of the Municipal Education Bureau, has frequently surveyed in various places and maintained close communication with the Education Bureau. "I have to go deep into the places that I started to implement at the end of last year before I can know what problems will be faced.

Zhang Hua said that local government -led, departmental linkage, school responsibility, social participation, and parental support of primary and secondary school service mechanisms are establishing a local primary and secondary school service mechanism to strengthen overall planning and organizational leadership. The education department strengthened the guidance and management of school after -school service work, and introduced a third -party platform to implement comprehensive supervision. Financial, development and reform, and human society should introduce corresponding policies to provide guarantee support, increase the guarantee of after -school service funding, and ensure that the service work of primary and secondary schools can be implemented smoothly. "Our city will soon be implemented. Now there are dozens of institutional platforms who come to negotiate. On the surface, everyone is excellent, but I am more worried that after landing, they can speak the same. Tools, technically, there is no problem, and the functions are similar. But the key is how people's abilities, attentiveness, and execution of this tool? "Zhang Hua said that the examination of the execution of the management team in the screening will be more cautious Essence "To resolutely eliminate the transfer behavior!"

"Double reduction" effectiveness to be tested

On September 2 last year, a news that CCTV played a news on Weibo with the title of "One Day of Primary and Middle School Students after the Implementation of the Double Reduction Policy" caused widespread discussion on society, with a reading of 78.261 million. The first grade students "zero starting point" teaching; no class exams; no paper or pen test in the first and second grades of elementary school; the final exam of the other semester in other grades; 2 hours after class ... These are school teaching after the "double reduction" Specific measures to change.

However, at the wave of burdens, not all parents recognize it. On the second day of the press release, parents in Xicheng District and Haidian District of Beijing burst the teaching committees and municipal calls. Some parents expressed their support for the "dual reduction" policy. Some parents expressed their concerns about their children's future and college entrance examinations. Children's anxiety of children was diverted up, and their desire to make children go to college. There are thousands of messages on the Internet, and quite a lot of content is that the "chicken baby" is willing to decrease. I want to arrange the child's school time and do not want to take care of the child's "Buddhist department".

There are not only parents in Beijing, but the phenomenon of first -tier cities in Beishang, Guangzhou and Shenzhen and the developed cities of the coastal economy is particularly prominent. The reporter's investigation found that after the "double reduction", it mainly had a greater impact on the two major groups. Some are part of the child who had a poor academic performance and the children who did not learn, and the children who couldn't push the parents could not push. After the "double reduction" landed, there have been many children's reports on the teaching and training institutions. In Guangzhou, even a student in Guangzhou Guangwai personally called the local education bureau to report the school organization testing examination. The other part is that the children are insufficient. Parents are compared to the "Buddhist department". They just found policy support and reasonable excuses for "happy learning" in the environment of the national "double reduction" policy.

For groups with strong desire for learning and positive parent education concepts, this policy has not brought great changes to them. "What you should learn is still, the report of the newspaper is still a report, the policy requires the weekend, so it is a bit hard in the middle of the week. It's just that the child is more tired and the tuition is higher." Parents of "chicken baby" are highly immunity for the "double reduction" policy.

The reporter also randomly interviewed 38 parents in the crowd, and found that most of the parents in this crowd were senior intellectuals, including university professors, medical staff, company executives, etc., and a large proportion of these people was New cities from the countryside to the city's home.

The more advanced intellectuals, the more important the education of children is. Luo Haiying claimed to be "attaches to the beneficiary of education." She once left the poor rural areas of Guizhou as the college entrance examination champion. In 2015, her eldest daughter was admitted to Fudan University at the Affiliated School Affiliated School of South China Normal University. In 2019, she read the Boato University of Peking University. She now finds a boyfriend who works at Xiehe Hospital. "The eldest daughter worked hard to enter the Huaju Olympic Class and continued in primary and secondary schools. Only today is today. Now a pair of twin daughters will repeat their sister's way. It is undeniable that the road to the Austrian race is very hard, but it is very hard, but but As long as the child can persist, I will never give up. "

The words of Liu Xi, who are still studying in the third grade of elementary school students, surprised the reporter. "It is 12 years in primary and secondary schools. As long as you have suffered in the 12 years, you can get a good university. In the future, you can have a good job in the future. Do you choose 12 years or sixty or seventy years in the future? "

This is also the sincere idea of ​​many parents. Liu Xi's mother told reporters that this idea was Liu Xi's self -knowledge. His parents did not deliberately tell him this topic. Because of this, he had enough learning motivation. "Children are studying private schools. They go out at 6:40 in the morning. After receiving home at 8:20 in the evening, after washing, eating supper, learning 20 minutes of English, 30 minutes of Olympic, 40 minutes of extra -curricular books At 10:30 pm for compulsory turnover to sleep. On the day after day, after three years of persistence, I have developed a fixed study and living habits. I have to go out to the Olympic class twice a week. Will, so you can persist. "

"Sometimes I think my child is pitiful, but he is among them." Liu Xi's mother said that Liu Xi is now in the third grade, and there are six years before the entrance examination. I hope he can always persist like this. "Good habits have been cultivated for a few years, and bad habits have been formed for a day. I am most worried about the adolescent and rebellious period of junior high school. I am anxious." "The topic, what is happiness, is a question of personal perception. Some children think that playing games and playing is happy. Some children feel that playing chess, singing and dancing, and accumulating wood are happy. The problem is happy. "Children are a piece of white paper. The key is to see how parents guide." He Ying, a mentor and family education expert, said in an interview with a reporter. Don't force him if you don't like it. Faults, but after depth, you will find it terrible. If the child does not like it, he cannot force him. So as a minor, how can his self -discipline cultivate? How can his habits be developed? Like is instinct, but it is also instinct to like the new and hate the old.

Educational reform is a long way to go

"Knowing that one confidant can fight all the best, if you blindly study, you will inevitably lose your efforts and goals." Luo Haiying said that now the lower grades are not allowed to take the exam, no results, no rankings. Knowing what the child has learned, the teacher can't fully understand whether the students have mastered those knowledge points. "It's just like opening a blind box, especially in the low grade of elementary school, and the children's self -discipline is poor. As soon as I arrived at the senior grade exam, I found that I didn't even have the pinyin.

Wu Lili, a second -year Chinese teacher in Guangzhou No. 1 Primary School, also said in an interview with reporters that the test test is an important path for teachers to understand the effect of students' learning. It is also an effective means to test the quality of teaching teachers. Perform a comprehensive understanding. "I can only pay more attention through other ways."

However, the coin has another side. It is also because of the announcement and ranking that it will add a lot of academic pressure to students, causing the concerns of the teachers and parents for unsatisfactory grades or ranking, and therefore generate anxiety. In addition, with the improvement of the overall cultural performance of students, the internal rolls of education will inevitably appear.

Many schools are now emphasizing teaching for students. However, there is also a view that this method will seriously hurt students' self -esteem. The reason is that for students with excellent grades, they can get good educational resources or the attention of others, but for poor students, not only can not obtain good educational resources, but also leads to people from the surrounding people. Strange eyes may even cause them to give up.

During the interview, a professor of educational professors who did not want to be famous in South China Normal University directly expressed his dissatisfaction with this view. "May I ask, a student can't accept this setback. What can he do in the future?" He believes Cultivating children's frustration from an early age should also be a basic obligation in school teaching.

"Teaching according to the aptitude is one of the most effective ways in teaching. Eating a large pot of rice has achieved fairness on the surface, but it is actually greater unfair." The professor told reporters.

In an interview with reporters, the director of the Education Bureau of Shaoguan also expressed his recognition of the above professor's views. "Just like eating, so that young children can eat more, they can not eat enough, can not eat it, can it do it?" She believes that in addition to the normal knowledge point teaching, she should be appropriately allowed Add meals.

Competition is everywhere, and educational anxiety is difficult to eliminate.

Yao Yang, dean of the National Development Research Institute of Peking University, has also been paying attention to educational issues. In his opinion, the reason for educational anxiety lies in the premature diversion of the high school entrance examination, and the level of technical education in my country is relatively low. After the entrance examination, the child went to the technical school to learn real technology at all. For children in rural areas, the entrance examination rate is lower than that of urban middle schools, which also means that 60 % of children in rural areas will be diverted to technical schools after the entrance examination. In the future, my country's industrial upgrading will need to open a CNC machine tool. The minimum of the factory also requires a college diploma of the School of Technology. These junior high school graduates who have been diverted to the technical school have insufficient knowledge of knowledge and must not meet the requirements of high -level blue -collar workers. It is unemployment. In this case, which parents are not anxious for their children to rise to high school, which child can not roll in inside?

"Through reading and participating in the college entrance examination, getting out of the countryside is the most fair and most feasible path in rural children." He Ying said that it was determined that parents' inevitability of their children's learning internal volume was determined. Eliminating foreign education institutions can alleviate education fairness to a certain extent, but the objective gap still exists. Each school and each region are different. Economy and developed areas and backward areas, townships and cities. However, the soft ability of teachers can not be realized overnight. How to achieve a balanced education will consider the greater wisdom of the government officials in various places.

The middle and college entrance examination system does not reform, the rate of entrance examination is not improved, super middle school does not disappear, the inner volume will exist, and the demand for off -campus counseling will not disappear. Compared to rural parents, the anxiety of parents in the city is better. Although the rate of entrance examination for the middle school entrance examination in the city is higher than the rural entrance rate, most of which can reach more than 50%, but parents of urban children can generally not accept children's unemployment, or to do miscellaneous workers in individual small factories without guarantee. Therefore Inner rolls, more tutoring classes are more in rural areas. Even if the training institution falls, this market will not really disappear. Yao Yang's analysis believes that relieving educational anxiety and breaking the internal volume lies in the reform of the education system. He suggested that ten years of compulsory education, five years of elementary school and five years of high school in junior high school, eliminating school selection, allowing all children to finish high school, and after mature minds, choose to take professional technical lines or university routes.

Yao Yang's point of view is consistent with the views of many teachers in the education industry. In their opinion, if you can popularize high schools and implement ten years of compulsory education, it can not only solve the problem of premature diversion of the middle school entrance examination, but also within the scope of the country. It is the current feasible road.

Nowadays, the second semester after the "double reduction" is about to end, and different voices are widely spread to the Internet and the Internet. It is a bit praised and questioned. Education authorities at all levels need to go deep into grassroots investigations and introduce more detailed execution plans.

But in any case, the "double reduction" has been implemented for one year, and under the efforts of the education authorities of various places, it is gradually on track.

("Well -off" · China Well -off Exclusive Draft)

This article was published in "Well -off" in late June 2022

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