Engineering: Integration scientific literacy and engineering ability | Volunteer filling in

Guangming Daily · Guangming Micro Education specially launched the 2022 college entrance examination professional series interpretation.

At present, my country's higher education is divided into 14 discipline categories of philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, medicine, medical, management, management, art, and interdisciplinary.

Earlier, we have introduced philosophy, economics, law, education, etc. Today, continue to introduce engineering.

What is engineering

Liu Yuan, director of the Teaching Research Office of the Academic Affairs Department of Beijing Institute of Technology:

Engineering generally refers to industrial sciences such as engineering, process principles and implementation technology. In my country's undergraduate professional catalog, more than 30 professional categories are set up under engineering, such as machinery, automation, computers, civil engineering, aerospace, etc.

When it comes to engineering learning, many students will think that it is "soaking in the laboratory to do experiments." In fact, in order to become outstanding engineering talents, we need to have the ability to have scientific literacy and engineering capabilities, innovation and critical thinking, pursuit of excellence and unity and collaboration. Comprehensive universities dominated by science and engineering in China have adopted the cultivation method of "integration of college" and "wide -caliber, thick foundation".

For example, Beijing Institute of Technology implements large categories of enrollment, large category training, and college -made management. It can open the first grade courses in accordance with the cultivation of large categories, strengthen mathematical foundation, and focus on the connection between basic literacy and engineering literacy. , Control, computer, materialization, life and other fields of engineering foundations through the training of classes; in the third grade, the implementation of professional core courses with research and project systems as the main teaching model, focusing on critical thinking and innovation ability cultivation, forming a combination of science and engineering, engineering science and engineering, engineering science A new form of educating plan for cross, industrial integration, and industrial infiltration.

Students studying in engineering should work hard to lay a solid mathematical foundation, cultivate the ability to use mathematics and engineering knowledge analysis to solve complex engineering problems, use modern information technology, reasonably handle the relationship between engineering and social, health, and legal ethics, enhance team collaboration, exchange, exchange Communication and ability of lifelong learning. In addition to learning professional courses, through practical activities such as innovation and entrepreneurship education and participating in the competition, the deep integration of practical knowledge with the professional knowledge of the learning is also a major feature of the training of new types of engineering talents. There are many domestic and international events in this regard, such as "Internet+" and "Challenge Cup". Many schools also have school -enterprise cooperation projects to guide students to enter the front line of production and feel the use of learning in using technology to solve practical problems.

With the rapid development of information technology, the employment opportunities of engineering graduates have continued to increase, and the employment direction has become more and more diverse. It is mainly in equipment manufacturing companies, scientific research institutes, Internet, and high -tech enterprises. For example, related majors such as aerospace, electromechanical, mechanics, and other related majors are mainly employed in aerospace, weapons, ships and other industries; related majors such as machinery and vehicles are mainly employed in automotive, high -end manufacturing and other industries; electronic information, computers, software and other related majors are mainly in each Large communication operators, radar, electronic research units, and Internet and fintech companies are employed.

Discipline

There are 38 first -level disciplines under engineering:

0801 mechanics (can be taught, science degree)

0802 mechanical engineering

0803 optical engineering

0804 Instrument Science and Technology

0805 Materials Science and Engineering (can be taught, science degree)

0806 Metallurgical Engineering

0807 power engineering and engineering thermal physics

0808 Electric Engineering

0809 Electronic Science and Technology (can be taught, academic degree)

0810 information and communication engineering

0811 Control science and engineering

0812 Computer Science and Technology (can be taught, academic degree)

0813 architecture

0814 Civil Engineering

0815 Water Conservancy Project

0816 Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology

0817 Chemical Engineering and Technology

0818 Geological Resources and Geological Engineering

0819 mining engineering

0820 oil and natural gas engineering

0821 Textile Science and Engineering

0822 Light Industry Technology and Engineering

0823 Transportation Engineering

0824 Ship and Marine Engineering

0825 Aviation Aerospace Science and Technology

0826 weapon science and technology

0827 nuclear science and technology

0828 Agricultural Engineering

0829 Forestry Engineering

0830 Environmental Science and Engineering (can be taught, science, agricultural degree)

0831 biomedical engineering (can be taught, science, medical degree)

0832 Food Science and Engineering (can be taught, agricultural degree)

0833 Urban and Rural Planning Studies

0834 Landscape Garden Studies (can be taught, agronomic degree)

0835 Software Engineering

0836 biological engineering

0837 Security Science and Engineering

0838 Public Security Technology

Because there are many first -level disciplines in engineering, we have selected a few representative introduction here:

The development of electronic science and technology (0809) has a history of nearly 200 years. Based on the quantum theory, a laser was invented, and the generation, control and detection of electromagnetic waves were expanded from traditional radio waves, microwaves to Tahez waves, light waves to X -rays, and the full coverage of electromagnetic spectrum is being realized.

Computer Science and Technology (0812) Computer Science and Technology is a scientific and technological field created and developed rapidly in the 1940s. It mainly focuses on the design and manufacturing of computer, as well as information acquisition, indication, processing, processing, transmission, and application. Carry out research on theoretical, principles, methods, technologies, systems, and applications. Architecture (0813) architecture is one of the most basic needs in human life, which is closely related to people's livelihood; architecture is a historical book of stones, which records the development of culture and reflects the mark of the times. Architecture is an ancient discipline. With the emergence of civilization, human beings began large -scale construction activities. Since the 15th century Renaissance, professional architects have appeared, and have established a complete theory and concept for traditional architecture.

Biomedical Engineering (0831) biomedical engineering is a cross -disciplinary discipline developed by comprehensive engineering, biology and medicine theory and methods. The main task is to develop and use engineering technical means to study and interfere with the human body at all levels. The state changes in the system finally solve related medical problems, and then serve the development of biomedical and ensure human health.

Public Security Technology (0838) Public security technology is based on the purpose of maintaining the national public safety and public security order, and protecting human rights. Disciplinary theory has formed its own knowledge system, mainly including criminal investigation, cyber security law enforcement, traffic security law enforcement, fire engineering and security prevention, which is a comprehensive application discipline.

Strong school

According to the fourth round of national subject evaluation results released by the Ministry of Education at the end of 2017

Electronic Science and Technology (0809) Disciplinary Evaluation of the following 11 universities above A- or above:

Computer Science and Technology (0812) Disciplinary Evaluation in the following 11 universities above A- or above:

Architecture (0813) discipline assessment in the following 5 universities above A- or above:

Biomedical Engineering (0831) The subject assessment of the subject is above A-or above: the following 7 universities:

Enrollment plan

University of Electronic Science and Technology

Computer Science and Technology (National "Mount Everest Plan" Top Talent Experimental Class)

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