The college entrance examination enrollment adds 31 undergraduate majors. What new trends are disclosed in college professional adjustments?

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 29th: The college entrance examination enrollment adds 31 undergraduate majors. What new trends are disclosed in colleges and universities?

Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua View Point" reporter

In 2022, the volunteers of the college entrance examination have been opened one after another, and some changes have taken place in the setting and admission plan of the undergraduate majors. According to data from the Ministry of Education, 31 new majors have been included in the "Undergraduate Professional Catalog" of ordinary colleges. At the same time, some universities have revoked majors such as public cause management, information management and information systems, and no longer enroll.

According to statistics from the Ministry of Education, since 2012, a total of 265 new majors have been included in the undergraduate professional catalog, and 17,000 new undergraduate majors have been added in universities, and 10,000 are revoked or stopped.

Undergraduate majors in colleges and universities have always been regarded as the "barometer" of economic and social development for talent needs, and attract students and parents. What trends are the latest professional adjustments?

The proportion of new professional engineering sciences is nearly half, "intelligence" and "wisdom" become high -frequency words

The results of the undergraduate major of general colleges and universities released by the Ministry of Education's 2021 school showed that 31 new undergraduate majors were added to cover nine universities such as engineering, economics, law, and art.

New majors such as carbon storage science and engineering, empty sky intelligent electricity promotion technology, and smart forestry have first appeared in some colleges and universities' enrollment programs.

The "Xinhua View Point" reporter combed and found that in the past three years, there have been many new majors in engineering. In 2019, 20 of the 31 new undergraduate majors are engineering majors. In 2020 and 2021, the number of new majors was 37 and 31, respectively, and 14 types of engineering majors.

"New Engineering" with the words "wisdom" and "intelligence" frequently appeared. For example, Beijing Jiaotong University specializes in smart transportation engineering, Harbin University of Engineering has added smart marine technology, and Northwestern Agricultural and Forestry University of Agricultural Forestry Science and Technology has added smart forestry and smart water conservancy majors.

"If the past is the Internet+, then the future is artificial intelligence+." Chen Zhiwen, a member of the expert group of the National Education Examination Commission, said that this is a major trend. "New Engineering" majors such as artificial intelligence and intelligent manufacturing may continue to become universities in the next few years. Important direction of discipline development.

Xiong Bingqi, Dean of the 21st Century Education Development Research Institute, believes that new majors reflect the needs of national strategy, scientific and technological innovation, and economic and social development.

Chongqing University and other universities have added carbon storage science and engineering this year. According to reports, the major is closely fitted with the national "double carbon" goal to cultivate composite talents.

For the addition of labor education, some experts said that this is the relevant requirements for actively implementing the country's labor education in the new era in the new era.

Some management and art professional cloth points have been revoked more

In recent years, colleges and universities have revoked some majors have attracted great attention from society.

In 2021, Inner Mongolia University revoked 12 art majors. In 2020, Chongqing University issued a public announcement on the grounds that some majors that did not match the school's running positions and the professional foundation gradually stopped recruitment, and intended to revoke 10 undergraduate majors, including finance, and so on. Since 2019, South China University of Science and Technology has suspended some undergraduate enrollment qualifications with insufficient social needs and poor employment conditions.

The person in charge of the Department of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education stated that the majors that were revoked in 2021 involved 804 professional cloth points, mainly due to some majors that could not meet the needs of social changes and employment rates too low.

The reporter learned that there are many universities that have been specially adjusted in 2021 to revoke some management and art majors. Among them, two majors of information management and information systems and public utility management were revoked by 33 and 31 universities, respectively. The second is the major of clothing and clothing design, information and computing science, which has been revoked by 19 universities. 15 colleges and universities withdrew product design.

Chen Xianzhe, deputy dean of the Education Development Institute of the Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area of ​​South China Normal University, said that in order to prevent some professional settings from setting up "overheating", the Ministry of Education has strengthened the regulation of arts and other majors. "The revocation does not mean that this kind of major is not important. It may be because it has been opened too much before, which leads to a large scale of overall students, exceeding normal market demand."

"Management majors are continuously transformed and upgraded with the changes in economic forms such as new retail, new logistics, and new business. In recent years, new management majors have reflected the trend and characteristics of combining information technology such as big data." Chen Xianzhezhe express.

Many experts believe that factors such as unclear discipline positioning, inconsistent positioning with school running, insufficient source of students, and poor quality of employment and employment are also the reason why colleges and universities revoke professionalism.

Xiong Bingqi believes that some professional settings and fast stop are caused by blindly. "When some universities have opened their majors, they have not been in a hurry in combination with their own positioning and running school conditions. It is inevitable that it is inevitable that it is unique and high -quality." It is inevitable. "

"The revocation of major also reflects to a certain extent that colleges and universities continue to optimize the allocation of resource allocation, focus on core areas, and concentrate their strengths to create advantageous disciplines." Chen Zhiwen said that some majors are not suitable for opening at the undergraduate stage. Law of talent training.

Professional adjustment has principles, which has little impact on further studies and employment

Does the major of colleges and universities say that they will increase or stop?

The Ministry of Education requires that the establishment of majors in universities need to strictly demonstrate the development of professional necessity and feasibility in accordance with the "National Standards for Undergraduate Professional Teaching Quality" in ordinary colleges and universities. During the publicity of professional application materials, the Ministry of Education organized more than 4,300 experts to conduct online evaluation, put forward opinions and suggestions on the talent training schemes, teachers, and teaching conditions for the professional talent training plan, and feedback guidance in real time. The person in charge of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education stated that the overall idea of ​​professional settings and adjustment is to serve the needs of national strategy, regional economic and social and industrial development, the second is to attach importance to quality, and the third is to optimize the structure.

The Ministry of Education clearly states that when applying for a specialty, colleges and universities must fully investigate social needs, and use detailed talent research data as a reason and basis for adding professionalism. We must strengthen communication with employers and clarify the specific requirements of new professionalism in society.

Xu Rong, the Teaching Planning and Management Department of Dalian Ocean University of Ocean University, said that it has been considered that the new specialty has developed talents for the country and society. To some extent, the demand for the employment market has been considered.

Dalian Ocean University has set up a new data science and big data technology in 2020. The first batch of undergraduates Niu Haozhen told reporters that at that time, the new major in the exam was more embarrassed and confused. After two years of study, the school felt that the school was sufficient to the new major. prepare. "Each student is equipped with a mentor, and starts in the artificial intelligence laboratory in a semester."

During the interview, many students worried: Will the retransmit that is being studied affect future employment or enrollment?

Many experts believe that colleges and universities should further improve the relevant exit methods, strengthen employment guidance, and help students tap the possibility of professional development and make reasonable planning.

Zhang Xiaoxin, Executive Dean of the Undergraduate College of Jinan University, said that the adjustment of undergraduate majors has limited impact on students to continue to study for graduate students. Because the undergraduate majors are not corresponding to the graduate majors, even if the undergraduate majors transform and upgrade, suspend admissions or revoke, etc., their subject categories still exist, and students can still apply for graduate students with similar majors under the same class. "Schools should ensure that relevant majors graduate smoothly in accordance with the established talent training plan in order to apply for further studies." He said. (Reporter Song Jia, Hu Hao, Zheng Tianhong, Wang Ying)

【Edit: Liu Huan】

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