Education funding is realized "good steel is used on the blade"

In 2021, there were 529,300 schools at all levels and 291 million students at all levels. Compared with 2012, the school increased more than 6,300 institutions and increased more than 28 million in school students. The average education period of the labor age is 10.9 years, an increase of 1.0 years from 2012. Among them, the proportion of higher education is 24.9%, an increase of 10.3 percentage points over 2012. There are more than 218 million people with a degree of university culture ...

At the press conference held on September 27th, Liu Changya, director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Education, used data to show the pattern changes in my country's educational appearance in the past ten years. What is inseparable from the change is the great efforts of the party and the country to give priority to the investment in education. So, how to achieve "good steel is used on the blade", how to ensure the improvement of education popularization, fair benefits to the people, and improvement? Guo Peng, director of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Education, introduced the relevant situation.

From "Poor Education" to "Great Country Strong Education"

Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, the downward pressure on my country's economy has increased year by year, and the contradiction between the fiscal revenue and expenditure is prominent. In this context, where is the investment in education? Guo Peng said that despite a series of pressures, the financial investment in education has always insisted on increasing only year by year. The cumulative expenditure of national fiscal education for ten years was 3.3.5 trillion yuan, an average annual increase of 9.4%, which was higher than the average annual nample increase (8.9%) and the average annual annual increase in the income of general public budgets (6.9%) during the same period.

"The proportion of national fiscal education expenditures accounted for 4%of GDP, which is the first time in China that my country has achieved in 2012 and consolidated for 10 consecutive years. With the efforts of joint efforts, with the strong support of various departments such as fiscal, development and reform, human resources, and social security, national fiscal education expenditures accounted for more than 4%for 10 consecutive years. , But there is no less than 4%. "Guo Peng introduced.

"Of course, compared with the world's average and OECD (Economic Cooperation and Development Organization), there is still a certain gap, but we must also realize that my country’ s fiscal revenue is lower than the world average of GDP than the world average In the case of level, it has reached the world average financial education input level. It uses the world average financial education input intensity to support the world's largest education system. "Guo Peng analyzed that according to international experience data, national fiscal education funds The percentage of expenditure is directly related to the proportion of fiscal revenue in GDP. Generally speaking, when a country's fiscal revenue accounts for 30%to 40%, this ratio can reach more than 4%. "my country's fiscal revenue accounts for GDP ratio for a long time lower than the world average. In 2012, it was less than 30%when achieving 4%targets for the first time in 2012. Especially during the" 13th Five -Year Plan "period, my country's fiscal revenue accounted for GDP ratio. In the context, we can keep the bottom line of 4%for ten consecutive years. In Premier Li Keqiang's words, "This is not easy."

The greater significance of maintaining "4%" is to drive the continuous increase in the base of education input. It is reported that after ten years of hard work, the basic pattern of education investment base is: total investment exceeds 5 trillion yuan, close to 6 trillion yuan; fiscality exceeds 4 trillion yuan, close to 5 trillion yuan; general public budget exceeds 30,000 more than 30,000 yuan 100 million yuan, close to 4 trillion yuan; non -fiscal exceeds 1 trillion yuan. Compared with 2012, the total investment in educational funding, national fiscal education, general public budget, and non -fiscal education funding have been doubled.

Education "family bottom" is thick, benefiting every "family member". It is reported that while the total amount of education funding has doubled, the average student funding level also achieves historic leapfrogging, and the level of financial security has increased significantly. In 2021, the average public budget education expenditure of the number of students in the country, 9506 yuan in kindergarten, 12,381 yuan for ordinary primary schools, 17,772 yuan for ordinary junior high schools, 18,809 yuan for ordinary high schools, 17095 yuan in secondary vocational schools, and 22586 yuan for ordinary colleges and universities, respectively in 2011, respectively. 3.3 times, 2.2 times, 2.4 times, 2.5 times, 2.1 times, 1.5 times.

"In the past, we usually use the" Poor State Office of Education "to describe the education investment status since the founding of New China. In the past ten years, with the realization and consolidation of 4%targets, fiscal education invested more than 4 trillion yuan per year, which is more than 2011, which is more than 2011, which is higher than 2011, which is higher than 2011, which is higher than 2011. Compared with 2011, it is higher than 2011. It was nearly 500 times that of 1978. It can be said that my country has entered the historical stage of the "great country office strong education". "Guo Peng analyzed.

Keep basic, make up for the shortcomings while promoting fairness, and promoting quality

Education investment is like living water, so where can the drainage be "long -distance"? Guo Peng introduced that in the past ten years, the system of government investment and multi -channel raising education funding has been further consolidated and improved.

Guo Peng said that with the comprehensive completion of my country's well -off society, the "family bottom" of education is also a well -off "family bottom." This "family bottom" is summarized as "three 80%". Among the total investment in education funding, 80%come from national fiscal education funds. Government investment is the largest source channel for educational funding; in national fiscal education funds, 80%come from general public budget education funds. Education has become a general public budget. The largest expenditure; 80%of the general public budget education funds in the country are from local governments. Local governments are the largest subject of educational expenditure. The greater significance of education investment structure is increased by increasing the benefits brought about by changing structure. Guo Peng said that the use of education funds, especially fiscal education, always adheres to the principle of "guaranteeing basic, supplementing shortcomings, promoting fairness, and promoting quality", adhering to the goal orientation, problem -oriented, and new fiscal education funds. , Tilting in poverty -stricken areas, focusing on solving the problem of imbalance in education development. In education at all levels, more than half of them are used for compulsory education; more than half of each expenditure is used for teachers' salaries; more than half of each region, more than half of them in the central and western regions.

Optimized structure is first reflected in the sequence segment. Guo Peng said that firstly, compulsory education is given priority guarantee. The funding for compulsory education in national fiscal education funds reached 2.3 trillion yuan in 2021, an average annual increase of 8.9%; in the past ten years, the proportion has been maintained more than half. Compulsory education has entered the stage of high -quality balanced development from basic equilibrium. The second is to make priority to priority of preschool education as "short and short". The national fiscal education funding for preschool education is 270 billion yuan in 2021, an average annual increase of 20.6%, the fastest growth in education at all levels; 5.9%, an increase of 3.7 from 2.2%in 2011. Percent points have effectively promoted preschool education from the popularization of the development to the development of inclusiveness.

From the perspective of the region, education investment has given priority to the priority of "three districts, three states" as "strong and strong", and the priority funding for deep poor students such as "establishment of files" as "difficulties in the difficulties". It is reported that the funds for national fiscal education account for more than 50%of the funds in the central and western regions, and the funds for local education transfer payment funds for local education transfer funds account for more than 80%of the central and western regions. In particular, new education funds are given priority to support the implementation of education and poverty alleviation. The fiscal education funding for fiscal education in deep poverty -stricken areas such as "three districts and three states" has an average annual growth rate of 12.2%, exceeding the national average of 2.8 percentage points. "Developing a batch of poverty alleviation."

"In the past ten years, the student funding policy and standard system have been continuously improved, and the three full coverage of all sections from preschool education to postgraduate education, all public schools, and all families with financial difficulties'. 100 million yuan, an annual funding amount from 132.2 billion yuan in 2012 to 266.8 billion yuan in 2021, turning over. Students with special economic difficulties such as 'establishing files and cards' at all levels to receive priority funding. It is guaranteed to prevent a student from studying because of family economic difficulties. "Guo Peng said.

Centennial planning, education -based, education plan, and teacher -oriented. In the past ten years, the focus of educational expenditure has gradually shifted from "investing in things" to more "investing in people". While ensuring the normal operation of the school, the purchase of equipment, the construction of the school building, and the student funding, the schools in various places insist on improving the wages and benefits of teachers as the preferred guarantee of the financial education expenditure. The top priority of the "not lower than the civil servants" is prioritized. Among various expenditures, the proportion of the expenses of faculty and staff is the highest. In 2021, it reached 61.6%, an increase of 12.9 percentage points from 2011, the largest increase; The average growth rate.

Guo Peng said that in the next step, the Ministry of Education will continue to firmly implement the decision -making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on the development of educational undertakings and prioritize education input, and continuously improve the mechanism of simultaneous education investment with GDP, and give full play to education investment in education. In the construction of a strong country, the development, reform, fairness, and quality policy orientation of the strong country will implement the strategy of priority development of education.

(Reporter Zhou Shixiang)

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