Can the teacher's rotation change the faith in the school district?

Source ｜ Qin Shuo circle of friends

Author ｜ Liang Yunfeng

Can teachers' rotation change the current status of high school prices?

According to the First Financial Report, on September 5, Huangpu District, Shanghai announced that about 100 teachers in the district will start from this semester to exchange rotation. In principle, the teachers will flow to a weak school in the education group where they are located. The mobile teachers will teach in classroom teaching, education and research, and the rotation flow period is three years.

The media optimistic that this measure will solve the problem of uneven distribution of educational resources, thereby breaking the "no myth" of the school district housing, the atmosphere of the housing speculation in the school district, and the return of the popular school district house price to reason.

However, in the author's opinion, this measure can partially adjust the problem of uneven distribution of high -quality education resources, but it is almost impossible for the price adjustment of school district houses to play too much.

01. The purpose and limitations of teacher rotation

Judging from the rotation of teachers from various places in recent years, this system is still exploring, and the pros and cons of the advantages and disadvantages are also conscious.

Teachers in Shanghai are not the earliest. Last year, first -tier cities such as Beijing, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou announced the implementation of the teacher rotation system. Taking Beijing as an example, in August 2021, it will announce the large -scale and large proportion to promote the exchange of cadres and teachers. Dongcheng District and Miyun District are the first batch of two pilot areas. Yanqing and Mentougou 6 are also added.

In fact, as early as 1996, my country launched a teacher exchange system to promote the balanced development of compulsory education. As of now, in addition to some cities like Beishangguangshen, including Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hunan and other regions, it has also begun to promote teachers' rotation in large areas.

From the original intention, the teacher's rotation system aims to promote the balanced distribution of educational resources, break the ownership and regional ownership of the teacher's use, and encourage teachers to teach from cities to rural areas, from strong schools to weak schools.

However, from the actual situation, Beijing's current rotation is in the same administrative district, mainly in the rotation of various educational groups, and Shanghai only emphasizes cross -school and across school districts. It is not easy to realize the purpose of teaching high -quality teachers from cities to rural areas, strong schools to weak schools.

After communicating with a number of educational industry managers, front -line teachers, and officials of the Education Bureau, a deep understanding of the difficulties of teachers' rotation.

From the positive effect, the exchange of teachers' resources with non -prestigious schools, and exchanging educational resources in developed regions to develop towards backward areas. It can indeed promote the further "peak -cutting" of high -quality educational resources. To a certain extent, students in non -prestigious schools are Bring some changes.

But there are several issues here that need to be faced.

First of all, almost all rotations and teachers will not participate. The author learned that as the core of high -quality educational resources, famous teachers rarely participate in rotation. On the one hand, the original school will not be released. On the other hand, rotation has no motivation for famous teachers -because it is currently for rotary teachers Inspiration, except for performance subsidies, is the advantage of priority evaluation, and these two aspects are no longer attractive for famous teachers. Of course, 100%rotation of compulsory teachers is an exception, but no city has achieved this goal.

A first -line teacher in Nanchang told the author that to be a famous teacher, at least 10 years in the first -line post, generally over 35 years old, and this age is when the family responsibility is the heaviest. There are few teachers. I am willing to rotate to schools that are farther away from home, let alone go to the countryside. "Generally, they are young teachers who are willing to rotate. They are more pressured in income and title evaluation."

Secondly, there is no way to solve the problem of uneven educational resources. Judging from the current teacher rotation policy released by various places, the general rotation period is 2 to 3 years. That is to say, after the rotation time is over, the teacher will basically return to the original school. It is a problem for high -quality teachers to stay.

Furthermore, is the teacher rotation of the teacher to achieve the purpose of the balanced educational resources, or to "eliminate prestigious schools"? These two options will fundamentally determine the significance of school district houses.

If teachers are considered to be the most important and most important resources of the school. If 100%of the teacher can implement it, the fundamental balance of compulsory education resources will be expected to be realized. "," School District House "will also become history.

If the teacher's rotation cannot "eliminate famous schools", the value of school district houses will always exist.

It is said that "the famous school of iron, the famous teacher of the running water", can the teacher's rotation really become the "terminator of the school district house"?

02. Will the school district house be ended?

Mao Zhenhua, the joint director and professor of the Institute of Economics of the Renmin University of China, pointed out at an open forum that the school district housing problem has led to the easier education of the rich class. Three -year rotation, such a prestigious education resources will get a more balanced distribution.

This also represents the idea of ​​most people -the purpose of choosing schools for parents is mainly to choose a teacher. Teachers can exchange rotation, and the value of teachers will no longer exist, so the significance of buying school district houses will be solved- This is the underlying logic of promoting teachers' exchanges and governing "school fever" and "school district house fever". To achieve this goal, teachers need to communicate rotation to achieve institutionalization and normalization.

But in the author's opinion, this underlying logic is actually facing great challenges. Because the teacher's rotation cannot eliminate famous schools, as long as there are famous schools, school district houses cannot be avoided. We must first understand the mechanism of school district houses. Under the mechanism of the nearby enrollment, students must have real estate in the school district where the school is located at a school. It can be seen that the key to the nearest school is that the real estate is bound to the school through the school district, and the real estate within the school district is qualified to enroll, that is, the qualifications for distribution of schools according to real estate.

In this case, all public schools have school districts. The difference is that this school district is a high -quality school district under the halo of famous schools or ordinary school districts.

And high -quality school districts, that is, famous universities, generally have three ways.

The first is originally a prestigious school. Because of the accumulation of many years, a virtuous circle of "famous school-famous teachers-high-quality students" has formed, leading to the skyrocketing price of the school district.

The second method is generally the main output of educational resources. For example, many famous schools are engaged in education groups, and they take over some of the original ordinary schools. Through the output of educational resources, ordinary schools become prestigious schools, and then the school district houses of ordinary schools have begun to skyrocket.

Taking the author's community as an example, our community is a new community delivered in 2018. The school district is originally a village primary school in Nanchang. After delivery in the community, the house prices began to rise by the primary school of Nanchang Normal University in Nanchang Normal University. Because the results of the junior high school were not good, the school started in September this year. This school was taken over by the more famous Middle School of Jiangxi Normal University, becoming a campus of the Normal University. As soon as the news was announced, house prices rose sharply, and a new community also completed the transformation of school district houses in famous schools.

The third method is special, that is, famous schools are not generated by high -quality educational resources, but due to the gathering of high -quality students. For example, children in Beijing code farmers have passed the school into a prestigious school, and the code farmers' settlement area has been tested into a dwelling area into a dwelling area of ​​the code farming into the area. The good school district is already normal. The first, second, and third primary schools of Zhongguancun in Beijing have become prestigious schools because of the gathering of students; for example, after the relocation of some government agencies to the new district, it has also turned ordinary schools or newly built schools in just a few years into a few years. Famous schools. Behind this is a greater ability to gather educational resources. We have to admit that the quality of education in key primary schools actually largely comes from families who purchase school district houses. These families attach importance to education and economic strength. The quality of family education at the stage.

From the three ways of prestigious schools above, it can be found that the original famous school, if teachers rotate to schools or schools inside the education group, a better direction is to turn other schools into prestigious schools. This shows that teachers cannot destroy prestigious schools, but they can create new prestigious schools.

Is that according to this logic, since the prestigious school can copy it, why not copy the city into a prestigious school? For example, isn't it all the primary schools in Zhongguancun into a campus attached to the National People's Congress, wouldn't all the schools a prestigious school?

of course not. If the rotation can promote the balanced education, wouldn't it make all the schools in the domain become a prestigious school? Behind this is the biggest crux facing rotation and the governance of school district houses, which is the limited nature of high -quality education resources.

03. Is it "balanced" or "quality"?

When it comes to teachers' rotation, almost everyone has to say that this is conducive to the "balanced" of high -quality educational resources.

For example, Yang Dongping, the chairman of the 21st Century Education Research Institute and a member of the National Education Consulting Committee, said in an interview with the media that the crux of the involved in education in education is that the balanced development of compulsory education is facing many obstacles. Teacher flow is a key measure to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.

Zang Dunjian, director of the Southern Center of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said that the communication and rotation of teachers can be regarded as a substantial recruitment to promote the balanced education in the school district.

Their thinking is to do divisions and subtraction, and to deal with the average educational resources.

It is only reality. If you focus on the balanced education resources through rotation, then it is a pity that whether in Beijing or in the central and western provinces, high -quality educational resources are limited. Ordinary schools have essential changes.

In other words, the only way to end prestigious schools is not to eliminate prestigious schools, but to make more ordinary schools a prestigious school.

This requires us to have incremental thinking of addition and multiplication. If more ordinary teachers become famous teachers, if more schools have advanced educational concepts and management models, so as to make more ordinary schools become famous schools, is the effect of our achievements?

Of course, from the perspective of cracking down on the price of school districts, the school district houses may cool down, but the effect gives students is very different.

What exactly is what we need, it is self -evident.

04. Zero -sum game

If we see the essence of school district houses, it is actually a supply and demand relationship. Is the problem in school district housing really a simple problem of house prices?

Now that education is so serious, there is a big reason for this that although our education today has realized compulsory education and the popularization of higher education, it is not the equality of education. For example, we have been talking about universal diversion issues before. Even the richest Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions in China, nearly half of junior high schools cannot be born in ordinary high schools, but cannot enter ordinary high schools, we cannot enter ordinary universities. It is a problem, basically equal to limiting the flow of people. Junior high school here is a key node. The 9 years below junior high school are admitted to the nearest school district, and as long as there is competition, the pressure will be transmitted to the social class and wealth. The more popular, it will weaken the education and burden of education administrative departments and the rotation of teachers.

From a reality, school district houses have exacerbated social inequality, making seemingly equal compulsory education become inequality due to the existence of high -priced school district houses.

However, the root cause is not the problem of uneven distribution of high -quality education resources, but the scarcity of high -quality educational resources. The high -quality educational resources here include both prestigious universities, high -quality teachers, and channels for students to rise, such as the number of generals, such as the admission ratio of key universities. If the total amount of high -quality education resources remains unchanged, all games are zero -sum games.

05. Where is the way out?

To sum up this article, the teacher's rotation is not fully uncomfortable. If the total amount cannot be greater, the balance will make the society a sense of fairness, but this approach cannot destroy the prestigious school, and it will not change the status quo of the school district house. Similar to a placebo.

If you have to say a solution, the only suggestion of the author is to make the total amount of high -quality education resources, cultivate more high -quality teachers, broaden the channels for education, and put more resources into education in a well -developed region. The total amount is large, the passage is wide, and the wooden bridge may become Yangguan Road.

But this requires a greater education investment.

In 2021, my country's fiscal education expenditure exceeded 4 trillion yuan for the first time, accounting for 4.04%of the GDP. What level is this? I found a copy of the 2005 data. In 2005, public education expenditures in various countries in the world accounted for the percentage of the GDP (GNP). South Africa is 5.0 %, Central and Eastern Europe is 4.9 %, East Asia and Pacific are 4.7 %, Arab countries 4.5 %, South Asia and West Asia 3.6 %, and 3.2 % in Central Asia. And we, in 2005, fiscal education accounted for 2.82 % of GDP (GDP). (The statistics of GDP and GNP here are slightly different, and it is not distinguished.)

For parents, school district houses are the only breakthrough in the shortage of high -quality educational resources at this stage. Unless you really lie flat, you must be trapped in a "prisoner's dilemma". Because you will understand that you do n’t buy those high -quality school district houses, and naturally there will be other people to buy it, just like when you reduce the burden in primary and secondary schools, you do n’t go to a tuition class. Naturally, there are other children. In view of this, as long as the parents who are slightly capable, they have to be like the arrested thief in the "prisoner's dilemma", tending to "start first".

How does the school district house end in this gaming state?

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