[Psychological Health] First grade to high school in primary school: psychological characteristics and communication methods in different periods

Children's psychology will change with growth. Different psychological characteristics will be presented in various periods. Mastering the child's psychology will make the communication between teachers and students, parent -child communication smoother and more effective.

Primary school first grade

Psychological characteristics: It is fresh and not used to elementary school life, so it is difficult to adapt for a while, curiosity, active, and like imitation, but it is difficult to concentrate on listening, specially trusted teachers, and there are some. Intuition, specific, image and other thinking characteristics.

Communication method: At this stage, it is based on adapting and cultivating habits, training learning interests, and guiding children how to learn happily. Parents can start from how to arrange time and how to use efficient guidance to cultivate children to develop a good habit of learning independently.

Primary school second grade

Psychological characteristics: This stage is a critical period for elementary school students to form self -confidence. Emotional instability is easy to impulsive, and self -control is not strong.

Communication method: During this stage, children's learning habits and attitudes from strong plasticity to gradually shaped the important transition stage, gradually adapting to elementary school life, and also formed a certain behavior habits. Essence We must encourage more children, pay attention to changes in the child's mentality at any time, and pay attention to the cultivation of habit and the grasp of basic knowledge in learning.

The third grade of elementary school

Psychological characteristics: This stage is a turning point in the change of emotional changes in children. However, in learning and interpersonal communication, emotional control ability is limited. Generally, bad habits such as sloppy care, doing homework and other bad habits need to attach great importance to and patiently correction.

Communication method: Due to the expansion of communication and the continuous improvement of the ability to understand, the children encountered by children also followed, and they began to produce uneasy emotions. Parents needed to accompany and patient guidance to help their children solve problems in time.

Fourth grade of elementary school

Psychological characteristics: 9-11 years old is a critical period for children's growth. In the later stages of childhood, brain development is in the critical period of internal structure and function. It is just in a transition period from low to high, and physiological and psychological changes are obvious, and it is the best time to cultivate learning ability, emotional ability, will and learning habits. Children have transformed from passive learning to active learning. With their own ideas, but the ability to distinguish between right and wrong is limited, lack of social communication experience, and often encounter many difficult problems. It may be disturbed by some small trapped scratches and gradually lose interest in learning, but through correct education, this uneasiness can be transformed into a desire to explore natural and society. During the journey, it will realize a profound turning point in life, and since then embarked on the road of successful life.

Communication method: During this stage, children's learning knowledge points have been deepened. Children start the first differentiation in elementary school. They need to help children find problems, solve problems, and establish confidence. Pay attention to children's attention during class, write habits, and cultivate children's calculations and check habits.

Fifth grade of elementary school

Psychological characteristics: Enhanced competitive awareness, unwilling to fall behind. Pay more attention to academic performance, and admire the students who have learned excellent students. Independent capabilities are enhanced, and they like to form small groups spontaneously. Do not trust the touting, and the self -control ability has gradually increased.

Communication method: Encourage the persistence of doing things, help children build an enterprising attitude towards life, and promote the development of self -awareness. Children have begun to enter the reserve period of Xiao Shengchu, and parents should start to pay attention to Xiaosheng's early information. Provide children with some opportunities to contact nature and society. The observation of nature and society encountered in learning, without practical operational ability, is difficult to accurately understand the connotation, contact society's interest in cultivating learning, maintain an active learning attitude, and welcome more complicated challenges to have a positive role.

Sixth Grade of Elementary School

Psychological characteristics: Children begin to enter the early youth, adolescence is the stage of transition from adults to adults, which is equivalent to the late elementary school and the entire middle school stage. Students' self -consciousness is gradually strong, and they like to look at other things with critical eyes. Sometimes they still resist resistance to the legitimate interference of the teacher. unstable emotion. Pay attention to regulating and controlling your emotions. Human memory is enhanced, the attention is easy to concentrate, and it is keen, especially because of the strengthening of abstract thinking logic and thinking ability, the ability of self -awareness, evaluation, and education has also been fully developed, and the personal outlook on personality and life have been initially formed. However, the willpower is still not firm enough, and the ability to analyze the problem is still developing, so it is easy to get discouraged when encountering difficulties and setbacks. Communication method: At this stage, you need to pay close attention to the psychological changes of your child. While paying attention to learning, you need to have a healthy psychological development. Gradually prepare for promotion and understand the scope and characteristics of the favorite school.

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Grade first grade

Psychological characteristics: The unity of maturity and naivety, entering the adolescent period, significant changes in physical forms, gradually improved physical functions, and changes in psychology corresponding to the real estate. Just entering the juvenile period, the development of rational thinking is limited, and the characteristics of physical development, knowledge and experience, and psychological quality still retain the characteristics of elementary school students. The unity of upward and blindness, self -awareness has begun to develop, with a certain ability to evaluate, and began to pay attention to shaping his own image. He hopes to get praise from teachers and classmates. He will work hard in terms of learning and discipline. Leave a good impression, but the independence and criticalness of thinking are still in the budding stage. The poor nervous system has poor regulation ability and is easily affected by the outside world. When it is smooth, it is blindly complacent. When you encounter setbacks, you are inferior to inferiority, discouraged, and possessive psychology. not

The unity of independence and dependence is unwilling to let adults manage, but the help of teachers and parents in learning and life encounters specific difficulties. The unity of freshness and tension, the new environment, new teachers, new students, new disciplines feel fresh. But soon, due to the increase in disciplines, increasing complexity, extension of lessons, increasing examinations, teaching methods and learning are different from primary schools, making them feel nervous. Strengthen the development of education, pay attention to the education of psychological counseling self -awareness, emotional counseling, and adolescent education. Carry out the guidance of learning, learning methods, learning habits and time allocation. Also be careful not to let go of it regardless of whether or not to solve the problem. not

Features of grades:

From the sixth grade to the first grade of junior high school, many students have treated junior high school learning with primary school learning methods and attitudes. Some children will not be able to keep up with the progress of the teacher. They obviously feel that the learning tasks are worsened, and their learning is a bit uncomfortable. General description: Entering middle school from elementary school is a leap for students. Students are facing a new environment, teachers, and classmates. The freshman life is strange and curious about everything, and the mentality is relatively relaxed. The number of subjects has increased, and the difficulty of knowledge has also been greatly improved compared to elementary school. It can no longer be learned by primary school or junior high school learning methods. It is necessary to adjust it in time. The allocation of learning time is also a problem that needs to be followed.

Communication method:

1. Pay attention to adaptability -from elementary school students to middle school students, they need to adapt to the surrounding environment, teaching methods, and rhythm of life. So one of the important things in the first year is to adapt to new life as soon as possible.

2. New habits -the first grade is the foundation of the foundation, not only to lay a good foundation for knowledge, but also the basis of large learning habits, attach importance to "develop education", to allow students to develop a positive learning attitude as soon as possible , Develop good learning habits, thinking habits, develop correct learning methods, successfully develop an important guarantee for students with excellent academic performance in the junior and middle phase of educational history!

3. Pay attention to basic knowledge -the difficulty of the course is gradual, so usually at the beginning, students will feel relatively simple. Do not pursue "difficulty" and "progress" in the first day. We must pay attention to the learning, analysis and application of basic concepts. Only the foundation is solid can it be easy to learn and effective at the entire middle school stage.

Grade II

Psychological characteristics: At this stage, children have entered adolescence, and there have been many striking changes in both boys and girls' bodies. However, because parents and society have a lock -up or even ashamed of sexual education, they have caused adolescence troubles. Another psychological characteristic is that the surface does not care about anything. In fact, the psychology is very heavy. It is necessary to bid new innovation and worry about being separated from the collective. As a result, some students have unhealthy psychology such as nervousness, anxiety, and inferiority. Due to the serious imbalances of psychological development and physiological development, there will be different behaviors such as confrontation, escape, lying, destruction, violence and other adverse behaviors. The independence has a greater development, and self -esteem is enhanced. Communication method: The curiosity and exploration desire brought by the maturity of adolescence, to promote the development of young people's sense of sex, how to understand the goodness of love and deal with the goodness of the opposite sex requires the correct guidance. Pay attention to communication -students in the second year of junior high school have entered adolescence, which is relatively rebellious, and the communication with parents gradually becomes less. It is very resistant to preaching to preach. Psychological guidance and correct concepts needed for children in time, so as to ensure that children develop on a healthy psychological track.

General description: Not only the second day of the junior, the same is the same, but also the same period of learning. Generally, key schools will add the knowledge of the third or third grade to the second semester of the second and secondary semester. The learning tasks and pressures of the second and second year of the second year and the second year are very high. Children should improve their learning efficiency and master the learning methods that are suitable for themselves to develop good learning habits (later mentioned that the second year of high school is no longer described). not

The discipline content will be deepened, and a obvious layering will appear at this stage of learning at this stage. It needs to be highly valued and prepared in advance, encouraging children to preview in advance, and preparing for challenges. The second junior high school should establish the concept of early entrance examination, learn the content of the third grade in advance, reduce the pressure of the third grade, and easily and confidently welcome the middle school entrance examination. Because the review time of the third grade system is very limited and the review pressure is very high, it should be emphasized in the second grade to find problems in time, solve the importance of problems, and need to coordinate time, counsel and increase the frequency of tutoring for weak disciplines.

Junior high school third grade

Psychological characteristics: The opposition has achieved great development, and the learning ability has been greatly improved. They like to discuss equality with teachers, and like to organize and carry out some activities. The "adult sense" of students in the third grade is even more obvious, and their self -esteem has greatly enhanced. They are more eager to respect and understand the respect and understanding of teachers and parents than students in the first and second grade. Psychological tendency to be styled, the academic performance is relatively stable, the third grade students have developed rapidly, and they have begun to shape. Observation is close to the level of adults, the significance is dominant, and the thinking activities have abstract and general levels. Learning interests are basically stable, and their academic performance has begun to be relatively stable. Educators should seize all advantageous opportunities to promote students' psychology to more mature and cultivate psychological quality for future learning and life. At the same time, the education of students' learning purposes and learning attitudes must make each student have a strong sense of urgency for further studies, and pay attention to the "filling difference" work, and strive to enable each student to enter the ideal high school.

Communication method: It is necessary to make full use of the characteristics of this stage to cultivate and develop their ability to study and independently life. At the same time, prepare for the middle school entrance examination, and understand the current learning situation and status with children, set goals, and negotiate methods.

The main task of the third keyword "middle school entrance examination" in the third junior high school is the middle school entrance examination. The middle school entrance examination is the inspection of comprehensive capabilities. It cannot be examined to the individual knowledge points. It mainly examines the ability to integrate the knowledge and comprehensive application capabilities of students. The third day of the third lesson has the study of the new lesson and the system must be reviewed. Students often cannot grasp the points. The average force, busy hands, and poor effects. Children need to make breakthroughs in plans and focus, without giving up, and unlazy in order to achieve excellent results in the middle school entrance examination.

The most important thing in the third grade

1. Study chemistry well -new chemical disciplines in the third junior high school, chemistry learns a book throughout the junior high school. Regardless of the learning status of other disciplines, chemical enlightenment is easy to learn well. The self -confidence has improved, and the study of other disciplines can play a positive role in promoting. Conversely, if you do n’t worry about or pay attention to it at first, you need to spend double or even several times to replenish it when you find the problem, which greatly reduces the review efficiency and affects the overall results.

2. Focusing on pursuit -the third grade, to leave more time for the review of the middle school entrance examination, the school teacher will rush the rate, the course will speak faster, and a little slack will be more difficult. On the case, I owe new accounts. "The whole is busy dealing with it and cannot be strengthened to its own weaknesses. By the comprehensive review of the next semester, it will be a pot of porridge. Therefore, we must pursue and review them in time to resolve difficult problems.

3. Check the lack of missing — 2/3 of the junior high school courses have been completed. You have to start a key breakthrough in your weak and weak knowledge points. Do not accumulate all issues on the eve of the entrance examination. Using the beginning of school is not the most tense stage, we must spend the knowledge points of the first and second grades in the minds of the first and second grades. 4. Pressure adjustment -As the entrance examination is approaching, students and parents will have more or less pressure, and the pressure is not all bad things, but too much pressure will affect students' normal study and life, and also affect the normal performance of the exam during the exam. Essence Parents should care more about their children and can observe their children's changes and anxiety. They can ask people in this regard to help their children.

General description: The sprint period before the third and third exams, the overall knowledge framework of the overall knowledge framework is comprehensive and flexible, and at the same time improve the ability to take the test, concentrate their strengths to seize all time to check the missing and supplement, and avoid weaknesses.

First grade in high school

Psychological characteristics: High school students are psychologically separated from their parents' psychological breast breaking period. With the rapid development of the body, the self -consciousness is significantly enhanced, the development of independent thinking and the development of things. The autonomy is urgent to be liberated from the bondage of the parents. Their emotions become indifferent, that is, the inner world is active, but the external expression of emotions is not obvious. These characteristics often hinder the mutual understanding of parents and children.

Disciplinary characteristics: The depth and difficulty of high school learning have increased to the new level than junior high school, and the span is very large. It is especially reflected in mathematics, English, and physics. Many students can understand in class. The grades are not ideal, and many students even have a failure situation. At this time, parents and children are confused. In fact, the crux is that the students' knowledge traction ability is poor. The comprehensive learning ability needs to be improved. At the stage, children cannot be lost, and problems cannot be dragged. At the same time, the high school stage is emphasized that parents cannot blindly believe that their children can solve the problem by themselves, because all subjects in high schools are extended by knowledge, and they have a strong correlation. A knowledge point is a knowledge point. Or a problem with the knowledge module will cause the study of this subject to encounter a bottleneck. It should be organized and effectively solved the students' problems after the monthly test. A good score can be examined in the mid -term exam.

The keywords of the first high- "Difficult" from junior high school to high school is a process from quantitative to qualitative change. The overall high school shows the "5 increase" trend of increased knowledge, theoretical enhancement, systemic enhancement, comprehensive enhancement, and capacity requirements. And the first year of high school is the most concentrated grade of mathematics, physics, and chemistry, so for most students, the third to high school is not a "slope", but a "Kaner". In order to complete this qualitative process.

The most important thing in high school

1. Pay attention to the high school, achieve the college entrance examination -the first year of high school is the beginning of the high school stage, grasp the first high school, so that you can occupy the leading position from the beginning, which is crucial to the development of students in high school. Many years of college entrance examination experience shows: The degree of attention to the first year of high school and the results of the college entrance examination after 3 years are directly proportional. If you want to achieve good results in the college entrance examination, you must start from the high school!

2. Do it in advance and calmly deal with — have just experienced the middle school entrance examination. Many students are immersed in the relaxed Li after tense, but the learning is indeed like a boat counter to the water. If you do n’t enter, you will retreat. At the beginning of the high school, let your high school study smoothly!

3. Discover vulnerabilities and make up in time -high school learning is relatively tight, and find that the vulnerabilities should not be too busy, too tired to allow their existence and development, because knowledge is inherently connected. Learning and comprehensive applications, and accumulate too much, you will feel that you can't get started, so you have to give up, causing great losses to the college entrance examination!

4. Hirosophage and correctly look at ——The academic performance fluctuations in the first year of high school is very normal. Generally speaking, as long as you adapt to the method of lectures of high school teachers and master the learning methods of high school knowledge, the grades will gradually rise and tend to stabilize Essence It is lost because of the temporary decline in grades or losing interest in a certain discipline.

High school second grade

Psychological characteristics: At this stage, due to the unclear goals of many students, there is neither the ambitious ambition of the year nor the urgency of the college entrance examination. It is a period that is easy to appear turbulent and blank. Once you encounter setbacks, especially in the exam, you will suspect yourself and cause anxiety. Some surveys show that more than half of the students feel that the entire high school stage has a significant receding stage. Most of the students feel that this stage is in high school:

1. Differentiated between poles in learning is becoming increasingly obvious. 2. The phenomenon of partial discipline is serious. 3. Strong sense of loneliness and anxiety. Features of grade: Keywords for senior high school- "differentiation", high school is a relatively special grade. On the one hand, it has adapted to high school learning life. On the other hand, the tension of high school has not yet come, so it is relatively relaxed in my heart; In the face of the tests of multiple subjects, the attention of the college entrance examination subjects will be dispersed; in addition, many parents have misunderstandings: the second year of high school is relaxed, or the third year is not easy. This idea is very wrong, the result is that the senior year is easy, and the third year of high school cannot be nervous. The above factors are integrated, which has caused serious differentiation. When some students want to work hard to work hard, it is too late! 1. In terms of learning:

1. Differential differentiation is increasingly obvious, leading to different psychological states. After one year of high school, the student group has been obviously divided into levels in terms of knowledge grasp, that is, so -called eugenics and poor students. For eugenics, their positive psychology has been developed step by step. If interests have risen to fun, curiosity is transformed into curiosity and exploration desire. They are full of confidence, learning has become a conscious behavior, and continuously obtain a successful psychological experience. Another part of the students have been repeatedly frustrated in the one -year study (especially in the exam). The mentality of discouraged, inferiority, and even fear of learning has gradually solidified, and interest transfer, partial subjects and other tendencies. The academic performance has fallen further, and self -confidence is further impacted, causing a vicious circle. For medium -level students, the enthusiasm of learning is not high. The purpose of learning only hopes to be approved in the examination, and it is in a indifferent passive state.

2. The attribution psychology has changed a lot, and the awareness of learning has increased significantly. People always advance in the continuous summary of experience. Learning or failure is psychologically, affecting students' attitudes and learning behaviors. The attribution of students' current students today on the success or failure of the students pays more attention to the impact of individual learning behaviors, not objective conditions. For the improvement of academic performance, they hope to improve their learning behavior, learning emotions, and learning processes, such as the correct learning attitude, the improvement of the method, the improvement of good habits, the improvement of time utilization, the perseverance of learning perseverance, the perseverance of learning perseverance, the perseverance of learning perseverance Enhancement, etc., rather than changes in objective conditions, such as improvement of the learning environment, the teaching level of teachers is equal. Students seize the main aspects of contradictions in learning activities, and attach more importance to the influence of individual learning behaviors, which will make students actively improve their learning methods and adjust their behavior mode. This is exactly the specific manifestation of the enhancement of individual students' active consciousness today.

3. The expectation and fear of the college entrance examination is far from the college entrance examination? No, I got myself as soon as I graduated from senior high school! Very close? No, there are still senior high school! At this time, many students have a psychological phenomenon of expectations and fear. They are prone to depression and distraction during class and study, unable to concentrate on studying, easily disturbing, often fantasizing the future, etc. They are very nervous. Some students can't wait for the college entrance examination now, and don't have to be scared anymore. This expectation is easy to have anxiety; however, they think of the real college entrance examination and feel inexplicable. University, so their subconscious sometimes prefer to satisfy in fantasy. As a result, it is easy to go back and distracted during class and study. After they returned to God, they felt guilty and regret why it was like this. They were afraid they would affect their learning this time. The test will be better than yourself. He thought, "If you can't get into college, you feel that he is very faceless and ashamed of his family", especially some students with strong self -blame. In this way, they seem too nervous and affect the learning below, which is the vicious cycle, which leads to the emergence of various psychological behaviors.

Second, more consciously understand, observe, and dissect yourself, but sometimes fall into ideals and reality. In the self -contradictions of affirmation and negation, loneliness and inferiority. 3. Enhancement of collective adaptability. Plateau.

1. The phenomenon of "love" has increased, but most of the students' "love" motivation is ridiculous. Love is that people will inevitably occur in the process of growth. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, adolescent nutrition also increases, which is bound to be inevitable. As a result, the body's development is accelerated, and the precocious puberty of this body will inevitably include precocious puberty. On the other hand, students in the sophomore are familiar with the environment, familiar with teachers and classmates, and do not need the college entrance examination. At the same time, they have to bear more and more pressure from the social aspects. They need to understand and care about it. However, because families, schools, and teachers only care about students' academic performance and do not pay attention to the psychological needs of students, so that they can only get care from the outside world. The specific manifestations are: Many students want to fall in love, but they do not find objects, or single love love; some students do not want to fall in love, but there are many heterosexuals; many have fallen into the love river. They want to fall in love, but "big people" do not agree with them, so many students who are already in love and preparing for love feel a lot of pressure. No matter what phenomenon, it can be said that their "days" are not good. Due to the maturity and sexual awakening of sexual machines that appear in growth, it has brought great obstacles to the healthy growth and learning life of young people. However, the psychological development of teenagers cannot keep up with the premature appearance of sexual psychology.

This is mainly manifested in its "love" motivation. The reason is:

A: It is to find a feeling of being loved, valued, and cherished; B: Affected by television, movies, networks, etc., thinking that love is for fun, I don’t know the responsibility and obligations to be responsible;

C: Is there a "face" standard for whether there is a male (female) friend;

D: Ready psychology; comparison psychology. In order to explain that I have a great attraction to the opposite sex, I am excellent; I think that I have the opposite sex friends, and I have to have some of the saying that we sound like they are lying.

2. Due to the development of self -consciousness, the second -year -old students have gradually decreased when they choose friends when choosing friends. They no longer deliberately make friends for the sense of belonging. People establish deep friendship, share the secrets in their hearts, and the establishment of friendship has gradually developed from generalization to fixed and deep -level.

The most important thing in the second year

1. Balanced development -The admission basis for the college entrance examination is the total score. As long as there is no serious partial subject, even if anyone has a mediocre score, you can get a good result in the college entrance examination. If some disciplines can be made in the high school sprint, it will be very ideal, so balanced development is the basis for achieving good results in the college entrance examination.

2. Preparation for early preparation -the college entrance examination is the knowledge of three years of high school, not just the knowledge of the senior year. Don't think that the college entrance examination is a matter of high school. In fact, every stage is preparing for the exam, and it is to lay the foundation for the college entrance examination. This is especially true for the senior high school.

3. Strengthen the foundation -Many knowledge of high school is the basic knowledge that must be used in the future learning, so if some knowledge of high school is found is not fully mastered, you must not wait until the senior high school review. Make up as soon as possible to make your learning more smoothly.

High school senior

Psychological characteristics: At this stage, children's social consciousness is close to maturity, and gradually forms their own outlook on life and values, and has their own independent opinions on social reality problems. With the decrease of test preparation time, the ideological pressure and psychological fluctuations will be more prominent, and there are three forms of confidence, confusion, and abandonment type.

Faithful children have clear goals and great ideals in their minds, have a strong learning interest, have good psychological quality, solid foundation, scientific methods, strong learning ability, balanced development of various subjects, stable results in the examinations, and stable results. The college entrance examination is full of confidence.

Confused children are eager to enter the ideal university in their minds, but due to the failure of the foundation, improper learning methods, and often passive grades, leading to unstable ideas. When the exam is progressing, it is full of fighting spirit. Self -feeling that it is difficult to test university and is confused about future.

The abandoned child is too poor, or after hard work, but the grades have not improved, or the discipline development is very unbalanced. The thoughts enter the misunderstanding of the "university do not expect", so that the grades are getting worse and worse.

Communication method: Through communication with teachers and children, understand the current situation of the child. Parents who adjust their mentality are more concerned about their children's psychological state. Do not affect their children because of their anxiety. Provide children with their ability to help, and pay attention to children's nutrition and health.

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