The freshman is higher, professional diversion rolls crying college students

In the past two years, new college students may often suspect that they are not studying universities, but high school.

Not only because of continuing the "closed" life of online classes and being a netizen with classmates, many people also have to fight for an important test for a freshman.

This exam is related to whether you can choose your favorite profession when you are professional.

With the advancement of the reform of the new college entrance examination, more and more colleges and universities have conducted large -scale enrollment. Some of the major categories are many major majors. The result of professional diversion determines that college students will "eat porridge or eat meat" in the future.

In the face of the professional diversion test, the "computer" is "computer", and the pressure of "civil engineering" is the pressure of the freshman.

The major category enrollment becomes the mainstream

For many people, for many people, it is no longer a strange term. This concept is the same as "parallel volunteer".

If you are a college freshman and a major major in the exam, it means that when you enter college, you must receive general education. After completing one to two years of study, you can be diverted to the specific majors under the professional category.

In fact, the law of enrollment in large categories is not short. As early as 1978, the Ministry of Education put forward the guidance of "professional division should not be too narrow" [1].

But until 2001, Peking University launched the "Yuan Pei Plan" and became a pioneer of general education+wide -caliber professional education, which opened the trend of enrollment of Chinese universities [2]. Another TOP 2 -Tsinghua University announced in 2017 that "breaking the barriers to the department and comprehensively promoting the reform of major categories of enrollment, training and management" [2] [3].

According to the research and statistics of scholars from the School of Education of China Normal University, in 2014, the proportion of "211" and "985" colleges and universities to carry out large categories of enrollment was 64.6% and 74.4%. By 2020, 85.8% of "double first -class" universities have implemented large categories. Recruitment.

Some college entrance examinations may have such an experience. When applying for a science and engineering college, they face the confusion of large -scale enrollment, and their students can choose a major directly.

Compared with other institutions categories, there are indeed more science and engineering colleges that carry out major categories of enrollment, and the number of subdivided majors under the large category must be among the best.

From the 134 "double first -class" universities, we randomly extract 29 samples as a survey to analyze their enrollment plans in 2022, and it can be found that the average number of major majors contained in science and engineering colleges is as high as 5.4, comprehensive comprehensive, comprehensive In the secondary school, there are 4.1 subdivision majors under the average category.

For example, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics will integrate more than 70 professional directions of 31 colleges this year. In the fields of aerospace, information, science and liberal arts, there will The class contains 7-29 subdivision directions [4] [5].

Among the engineering tests, the training direction has both unmanned aircraft system engineering, as well as material science and engineering, biological and medical engineering, etc.

The art, political and legal universities in the samples have not carried out large -scale enrollment due to the small total professional, more professional settings, and large -scale distinction between professional settings.

For example, the Central Conservatory of Music has 50 professional enrollment including composition and command in 2022, and no large categories are set up.

However, in general, the scenes of the unknown professional names that are unknown to fill in the college entrance examination volunteer may be gone. Now the options that candidates need to see are greatly reduced, but this change has actually not made school selection professional changes. It's easier.

Cross -border packaging, playing with heartbeat

In the cognition of many people, the professional "blood" relationship of large -scale enrollment should be relatively close. For example, "Journalism", "Communication", "Advertising" and "Broadcasting and Television" are all enrolled under "News Communication".

But there are also some majors that are considered cross -border packaging.

For example, at present, many colleges and universities have a "test class", and there are several colleges and even disciplines.

Among the 29 samples that we have statistics, 5 science and engineering and comprehensive colleges have set up "engineering test classes". A total of 98 different subdivided majors have been stuffed into it. In the most cases, 21 majors have been packaged at the same time. Essence

This kind of "test class" category that is all -encompassing may provide a wider choice opportunity for some students, but it will also make some students and their favorite majors lose their arms, and even slide to the road they have never thought about.

"Southern Weekend" reported that a student of a volunteer for the news was adjusted to the traditional engineering major of information management due to 0.1 points. [6], the two majors are very different in cultivating goals and required capabilities.

Professionals that are packaged into the same large category may be divided into different first -level disciplines, and even different subject categories.

History may be mixed with "tourism management" that belongs to management, and historical majors may occur in sociological categories.

Economics may be entangled with a group of management majors. The management of "land resource management" and "land science and technology" and agricultural majors often appear together in the "earth sciences" under the science category.

Such a cross -border match may be a step for promoting cross -development and composite talent training in the eyes of the school, but there is indeed differences that the aromatherapy of different majors in the market is indeed different [7]. In the eyes of some candidates, there is no such thing as "hot and cold matching, bundling sales" [7].

Especially the "computer" major like a higher income after graduation [8] has naturally become the number one goal for many professional "climbing relations".

In our statistics, there are 28 subdivided majors that belong to other first -level disciplines and "Computer Category (0809)" together.

Among them, there are not only automated and electronic information majors with a score of the subject score and the popularity of the market. Professional.

When the professional gap between the packaging is too large, candidates will vote with their feet and choose "escape".

After all, candidates and parents are also clear. As the major category enrollment becomes more common, in this model, the lower limit needs to be seen to evaluate the risk tolerance.

In 2021, Sun Yat -sen University recruited computer majors with civil engineering, water conservancy and marine engineering [9]. The average monthly income of the former can reach 6700-7200 yuan after six months of graduation, while the latter is less than 6,000 yuan [8]. There is also a gap between the prospects and the status in everyone's eyes.

Therefore, the tragedy of "disconnection enrollment" in many provinces at that time, the minimum score of science in Gansu and Guizhou was 100 points lower than 2020 [10], so in 2022, he had to abandon the enrollment of large categories [11].

Professional diversion, once again "college entrance examination"

The impact of major categories of enrollment is that the choice of determining fate is not disappearing, but only delayed. From the delay of the college entrance examination to professional diversion, professional diversion assessment has naturally become another "college entrance examination."

Although most of the principles of professional diversion in schools say "volunteer priority", students participating in this game know that the real important sentence is "comprehensive results determination".

The popular majors in large categories of enrollment are often limited. Students often fight for blood, and it is not surprising that the situation of "4,000 words of curriculum operations to write 20,000 words" is not surprising [12].

If the professional diversion depends on the "comprehensive quality", then the students may have to "roll" volunteer services, "volume" academic workers, and "volume" style.

There are no shortage of discussions on professional diversion in social media. The most common is the inquiry of diverting professional studies, job search prospects, and concern to diversion assessment methods.

Can you find a good job and rank before you can get as much as possible to pay as expected. He wrapped around this group of students who had just entered the ivory tower, making them feel tangled and confused.

In addition, they also need to deal with the emotional and life problems under high -pressure competition. How to fight the more and more intensely scrolls and how to deal with different interpersonal relationships before and after the professional diversion. The right problem.

In order to enter the majors that have a good prospect or their favorite, many freshmen have become a senior year, and the focus of learning and life is almost all facing good results.

This may make students less "let go of themselves", but high -pressure competition also forced them to respond to the test state, which is the purpose of the training of college talents that promote students' cross -border, inquiry, and interesting learning. [4]

A study of the influencing factors of the major enrollment of colleges and universities shows that teachers believe that large category enrollment can cultivate composite and innovative talents, and broaden students 'professional knowledge vision, but in fact, students' recognition of these two points is not high.

Some teachers also complained that in the first year, they did not use professional education, and students were still "half buckets of water"; students also felt painful for complicated generals, and thought that many knowledge was not used at all.

The initial purpose of promoting general education is to cultivate talents with "wide -caliber and thick foundation". However, under the "one basket" enrollment and "thousands of troops passing the wooden bridge", this goal has a long distance to achieve.

However, under the enrollment of large categories, some college entrance examination high -scoring candidates may not be able to enter their favorite majors. Some students are not satisfied with the divergent results, but the internal transfer major is limited.

After experiencing a new life, you have to worry about the whereabouts of the next year. You have learned two points to stay up late for the diversion test, as if you are still in the third year of high school.

[1] Editorial Department of "Chinese Education Yearbook". (1984). China Education Yearbook 1947-1981. China Encyclopedia Publishing House.

[2] Tan Yingfang Zhang Yue. (2021). Master of enrollment and training: course, plan and direction. Education development research (Z1), 81-91.

[3] Wei Mengjia Sun Qi. (2017). In 2017, three highlights of Beijing's high recruitment: large category enrollment, new professional, comprehensive selection. Xinhua News Agency. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from http://education.news.cn/2017 -05/23/c_1121022999.htm.

[4] Beihang Admissions. (2022). Sailing to the north, all the way to China -Focus on 2022 Beihang Undergraduate Admissions. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://www.buaa.edu.cn/info/2067/13659.htm. [5] Beihang Admissions. (2022). Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2022 undergraduate admissions. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from http://zs.buaa.edu.cn/bkzn/zszy.htm.

[6] Su Youpeng Yankang. (2022). Admissions in advance and retreat, professional diversion. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/zj7kjxxznp-zcaoksxqiq.

[7] Zhang Galun. (2021). Without specific majors to enroll according to large categories, how can high recruitment new model become a "trap"? Science and Technology Daily. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from http://digitalPaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/images/2021-08/05/kjrb2021081705.pdf.

[8] Michaels Research Institute. (2022). 2022 Chinese undergraduate employment report.

[9] Sun Yat -sen University. (2021). Sun Yat -sen University's 2021 enrollment category (including plan) and diversion majors. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://admission.sysu.edu.cn/zs01a/1390482.htm.

[10] Sun Yat -sen University. (2022). Admission scores over the years. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://admission.sysu.edu.cn/zs01c/index.htm.

[11] Sun Yat -sen University. (2022). Sun Yat -sen University 2022 Undergraduate Admissions Articles of Association. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://admission.sysu.edu.cn/zs01b/1401229.htm.

[12] Wei Shiyan. (2022). Professional diversion, sorrow 985 college freshmen. Retrieve 21 August 2022 from https://mp.weixin.qq.com/S/ojkfpsqt7fbrkgmnqw3u3g.

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