Junior high school chemistry: 50 cases of chemical phenomena and explanations in life, do you know?

Junior high school chemistry: 50 cases of chemical phenomena and explanations in life, do you know?

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1. Common neck disease (thyroid mysyum) in mountainous areas, small disease (Katin disease), doctors recommend eating more kelp and food therapy. The cause of the patient with the above disease is the lack of a kind of element in the human body: iodine.

2. The metal used to make the metal foil (metal paper) used to make cigarettes and candy: aluminum.

3. The melting point of gold is 1064.4 ° C, which is much higher than its melting point. Among them, it is about 3 times higher than the gold melting point. The metal that is usually used to make incandescent bulb filaments is: tungsten.

4. One woman processed a 6.10 gram of the old -fashioned ring into a pair of earrings. She was afraid that the craftsman would steal gold or adulterate, and kept staying next to it. She saw the craftsman heating, beating the ring, and putting it in a liquid, so that it was processed multiple times, and a pair of beautiful earrings were processing. After a few days, this pair of earrings are weighed with balance, only 5.20 grams. Then the liquid used when the craftsman steals gold is: Wang Shui.

5. The black substances on the black and white photos are: silver.

6. Many chemical elements play an important role in people's lives. When they lack them, people will be sick. For example, the cartilage disease often suffers from children is due to the lack of: calcium.

7. Finding a lamp made of a gas system in the quartz tube can emit a strong light of hundreds of millions of times stronger than the fluorescent lamp, so it is known as the "artificial little sun". The gas filled in this lamp is: sorchium.

8. In the room where the doorsteps are closed and windows, they are heating or bathing with water heaters. A gas -free, tasteless and easy to combine with human hemoglobin (HB) is often caused by: CO.

9. The destruction of the earth's atmospheric circle forms an ozone layer empty hole, which causes damage to the ozone layer that resists the solar ultraviolet damage, causes the occurrence of skin cancer and other diseases, and destroys the ecological balance of nature. The main reason for the empty cavity of the ozone layer is: Florelon leaks in the freezer.

10. The concentration of medical disinfection alcohol is: 75%.

11. The physiological saline commonly used in hospital infusion, the concentration of sodium chloride and the concentration of sodium chloride in the blood is generally equal. The mass score of NACL in physiological saline is: 0.9%.

12. After the "gunpowder paper" (fire) in the gun was sent, the white smoke produced was: five phosphorus dioxide.

13. The sanitary ball becomes smaller in the wardrobe, because: 萘 slows down at room temperature.

14. The skin is itchy or swollen after being bitten by a mosquito. The simple treatment method is: rubbing thin ammonia or sodium bicarbonate solution.

15. Because a gas A accumulates overdose in the atmosphere, the infrared radiation of the earth cannot pass through the atmosphere, which causes the atmospheric temperature to rise and produce a "greenhouse effect". Gas A is: carbon dioxide.

16. Sour rain refers to the atmospheric precipitation with rain, snow or other forms with a pH value of less than 5.6. Sour rain is a manifestation of air pollution. The main cause of acid rain is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide released by combustion fuel.

17. The wire bought at the hardware store is plated with a "anticorrosive" metal, which is: zinc.

18. All steel watches refer to the stainless steel of its case and the back cover of the table. The stainless steel is shiny and glows, and it will not rust, because it is added during the steelmaking process: chromium, nickel.

19. The optical pipes made based on the nature of a metal to release an electrons are widely used in film machines and cameras. The metal used to make the photocarmical pipe is: 铯.

20. When the radiology department of the hospital checks the diseases of the esophagus and the stomach, the "meal" is often used. The substance used for "meals" is: sulfate.

21. Mr. Hou Debang, a world -renowned alkaline expert in my country, invented the Hou's alkali method in 1942. Out of the use of alkali to the industry, a certain amount of this type of alkali is added to the churros and steamed buns in daily life. The chemical name of this alkali is: sodium carbonate.

22. Some of the doors and windows of modern buildings are made of hard aluminum processed by electroplating. The composition of the hard aluminum is: AL CU one Mg-Mn-SI alloy.

23. The chlorine chloride is highly toxic, and the amount of death is 0.8 grams. When you accidentally take it, in addition to swallowing a lot of eggs and detoxifying, a certain amount of detoxification agent should be taken. This detoxification agent is: magnesium sulfate.

24. Chemical corrosion methods for printing circuit boards are commonly used to produce. This chemical corrosion agent is: iron chloride.

25. LNG has already entered the family. Its main ingredients are: propane and butane.

26. The main component of natural gas is methane. If there is a set of liquefied petroleum gas with natural gas as a cooker, the correct measure should be used: increase the amount of air entry or reduce liquefied gas entry.

27. After using the gas tank with liquefied gas, the sound of water that shakes often shakes, but this kind of liquid with water sound must not be chaotic. The main reason is that this liquid is a slightly more carbon -containing content. The hydrocarbons are like gasoline, which is flammable as gasoline, and it is prone to fires such as fire.

28. The recording tape is evenly coated with a layer of magnetic material -a magnetic powder made of a pattern made of fiber such as acetate fiber and polyester fiber. The main substance of the magnetic powder is: four -iron dioxide.

29. The mudwatermith brushes the wall with lime -removed powder, and often adds a small amount of coarse salt in the lime. This is a material moisture solution contained in rough salt, which is conducive to the absorption of carbon dioxide. This kind of suspicion of moisture is magnesium chloride.

30. The reasons why the authenticity of ancient calligraphers in my country can be preserved to this day: the use of ink or carbon ink can make the handwriting not fade for a long time, because the chemical properties of carbon are stable. 31. The author's printing is often left in the calligraphy and painting. Its seal is bright and rosy. This is because the red printed mud contains red substances with non -fading and stable chemical properties. It should be: cinnabar (mercury sulfide).

32. With the improvement of people's living standards, gold jewelry has become a favorite decoration of people. The purity unit of gold products is represented by K. 24K usually represents foot gold or red gold, and the actual gold content is more than 99%. The golden pen tip and golden case are 14K, and their usually gold content is: not less than 56%.

33. Smoking can cause bronchitis and cardiovascular disease, and can also induce cancer such as lung cancer, oral cancer, gastric cancer, and global muscle cancer. Therefore, smoking is chronic suicide. The World Health Conference stipulates that April 7 is "World Quit the Day" every April 7. According to analysis, the most harmful substances in tobacco ingredients are: nicotine and benzene (A) 芘.

34. Submarines are sailing in deep water in deep water, and the best substance used to supply crew to breathe is: sodium sodium.

35. The glass sheet used for discolored glasses can change dark colors in sunlight because: an appropriate amount of halogen silver crystals and copper oxide are added to the glass.

36. Lead poisoning can cause anemia, headache, memory loss, and digestive diseases. Acute poisoning can cause chronic brain injury and often life. The main source of urban atmospheric lead pollution is: car exhaust.

37. The cooling water in the water tank in the car and diesel machines will burst the water tank after freezing in winter. In order to prevent freezing, a small amount is often added: ethylene glycol.

38. The gray manganese oxygen or PP powder in the hospital is: potassium permanganate.

39. High orange beverages and canned preservatives are sodium benzoate.

40. The main ingredients of kettle, insulation bottle, and scale in boilers are: calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide.

41. The substance that cannot be used for brewing is: soybeans. The substances that can be used for wine are: valley, corn, sorghum, sweet potato, etc.

42. After strenuous exercise, it feels sore, because the muscles are increased: lactic acid.

43. Among the nutrients, the longest heat and the longest stay in the gastrointestinal tract after eating (with satiety) are: fat.

44. MSG is also called MSG. It has a strong flavor of meat. Its chemical name is: 2-sodium sodium (sodium glutamate).

45. After the frost drops, green vegetables, radish, etc. taste sweet, because the starch in the vegetables is solved by the plant enzymes of the plant: glucose.

46. ​​Why did the ancients "three days fish, two days of sunbathing"? Because the fishing nets were woven with hemp fiber in the past, the hemp fiber was easily swollen, and it was easy to rot when it was humid. Therefore, the fishing net was dried for two or three days after two or three days to extend the life of the fishing net. No need to do this now, this is because the materials of fishing nets are generally selected: nylon fiber.

47. When playing literary performances on TV, the smoke on the stage is often seen. The general use of smoke is: ethylene glycol and dry ice.

48. When using tap water to raise goldfish, the water is injected into the fish tank for a while before the sun.

49. If you store edible oil for a long time, the best container is: glass or ceramic container.

50. The reason why non -sticking pot is not sticky is because the bottom of the pot is coated with a special material: "Tiffon". Its chemical name is polytefluorolythylene, commonly known as plastic king.

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