How to make the "Gold Medal Rocket" Long Er C

On September 9, 2022, the Long March 2 Cross Rockets (hereinafter referred to as the "Long Erbing Rocket") ushered in the 40th anniversary of the first flight.

On September 9, 1982, the Chang Erbing Rockets first flew successfully at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, sending my country's first application -oriented return satellite into space, and in the subsequent ten years of the launch task of all returned satellites in my country in the next ten years. Essence

As the longest -service rocket in my country, how did the Long Erbing Rockets born? What did it experience in the past and now? How is the status of the "Gold Medal Rocket" formed? In order to learn about the answer to the question, our reporter interviewed the long -two rocket experts from the China Institute of Lauding Rockets (China Aerospace Technology Group Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as the "Rocket Institute").

From engineering development to launch application

In order to launch a 1500 kg return remote sensing satellite, in September 1967, my country clearly developed a rocket with a larger launch capacity, the Long March 2, and was grasped by the Rocket Academy. On November 26, 1975, with the successful success of the returning satellite mission, the Long March No. 2 rocket moved from engineering development to launch application. my country ’s subsequent conventional liquid carrier rockets were developed on the basis of the Long March 2 rocket.

With the expansion of satellite functions, the weight has gradually increased, and higher requirements have been put on the rocket's launch capacity. As a result, under the instructions of the relevant central ministries and commissions, the Rocket Institute launched the improvement and improvement of the Long March 2 Rockets in 1978. On September 9, 1982, the improved rocket's first flight task was successful and was named Long Erbing Rockets.

According to Yang Jianmin, chief designer of the Rockets Dean Erbing Rockets, the long -term two -C series of launch vehicles has developed 5 configurations, namely the basic rocket of the long two -level state of the two -level state and the 4 configurations derived from the long two. /FP, long two-C/SM, long two-B/SMA and liquid-level long two-C/1S configuration rocket. At present, the long two-C series rocket mainly provides the basic type of long two-level status and long two-B/YZ-1S configuration. "Among them, the near-ground track of the long two-CM rocket is 4,600 kg, and the carrier capacity of the 700-kilometer sun synchronization track is 1200 kg. On the top, add a three-axis stable YZ-1S liquid, so it has the launch of one-arrow multi-star and constellation deployment capabilities. The carrier capacity of the earth's simultaneous transfer of the track is 1,000 kg, "Yang Jianmin said.

The shadow of "Gold Medal Rocket" is everywhere

The history of aerospace development at home and abroad shows that the basic model of models directly affects the development of the model series for decades. The long two -level state -level state rocket is currently in service that the long march series of rockets with normal temperature liquid fuels as a pushing agent, while other states are based on this basis, or increase the low temperature three -level and three normal temperature three -level, room temperature three three, three room temperature three -three, room temperature three three, and room temperature three three. Level -Ma Huiting, chief commander of the Rocket Dean Erbing Rockets, said, "In the existing Long March series of launch -car rockets, it can easily find the shadow of the long Erbing Rockets."

As a basic rocket, the configuration of the rocket is generally simple and mature. It can improve the task adaptability of the series of rockets by "upper and lower bundles". "For example, to increase the booster to the two -level state Rockets to increase the take -off thrust; increase the three levels of low temperature or room temperature, it is similar to the solid and liquid level in the long two -C series rocket. The ability to enter the track. "Yang Jianmin explained.

On October 9, 2018, the new configuration first flight formed by the long two -B Rockets and Expedition 1 was a complete success. Essence "The new configuration rocket has one -arrow multi -star launch and constellation deployment capabilities, which further improves the rocket's task adaptability, improves the flexibility of the rocket launch, and achieves the goal of low -cost and high -efficiency." Ma Huiting added.

Establish a new technology exploration verification platform

Over the past 40 years, the Long Erbing Rockets have always adhered to innovation, set up new technologies exploration and verification platforms, developed new technologies to explore and apply, and promote the results to multiple models to promote the improvement and upgrading of carrying technology.

What new technical verification has the Long Erbing Rockets conducted? Experts from the Rocket Academy listed a lot of content, including: the use of long -term glideing technology to use tourist aircraft, greatly improving the launch capacity of unprecedented research engine conditions; C/FP has achieved the successful success of the 7 launch tasks of the Star; greatly improving the safety of the rocket -level wreckage area, expanding the adaptability of the rocket launch task; A large number of new technologies such as environmental protection, high -altitude wind and quasi -real -time wind compensation, high -altitude atmospheric precise measurement ...

Why use the long two -B -Rockets to do these new technologies to verify? Ma Huiting said that the long -term CB rocket has high reliability, strong task adaptability, rich mission track, and launching tasks in the three inland launch fields. Promotion and application.

As one of the main forces of my country's near -land orbit, the Chang Erbing Rockets have the advantages of flying sons, high reliability, short launch cycle, and moderate carrying capacity. The launch of scientific research satellites such as Sino -French astronomy also undertakes the tasks of commercial constellation satellites such as Galaxy, time and space, and four -dimensional. It is expected that during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period, it will maintain the frequency of more than 10 annual transmission.In the future, Chang Erbing Rockets will continue to improve task adaptability, flight reliability and response efficiency."At present, we are carrying out new technologies such as satellite stacking and separation, multi -star separation control, flight failure diagnosis and control and reconstruction, and continuously deepen the research on precise control and recycling technology of sub -level falling points, and carry out flight equipment to promote new technologies to promote new technologiesMature and engineering applications. "Ma Huiting said.

(Our newspaper, Beijing, September 8th. Reporter Zhang Lei)

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