my country ’s maintenance tools in the rail cabin achieved a breakthrough from scratch

my country ’s maintenance tools in the rail cabin achieved a breakthrough from scratch-

Astronauts with "Made in China" out of the cabin

On September 2, 2022, when the Shenzhou 14th astronauts successfully completed the first out -of -the cabin mission and closed the door of the cabin door safety, the designers of the maintenance tools outside the cabin finally relaxed Come down. This team from the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and the Ministry of Environmental Engineering, participated in the space officer's outlets of the world's all -in -one technical support work throughout the process.

For more than three years, this team has independently developed the core compartment of the China Space Station and the 36 -class 238 -cabin outside maintenance tools of the 36 -type type of experimental compartment, with a total of 509 kg. From scratch, they achieved the breakthroughs of my country's maintenance tools outside the rail cabin. Since then, they combined with the feedback of the space staff's experience to iterate the "robotic partners" including the electrical tools containing the cabin, making them more reliable, easy to use and multi -functional.

The electric tools outside the cabin are far from ordinary flashlight drills

On July 4, 2021, Shenzhou 12 astronauts performed their first out of the cabin. As the astronaut tightened the last installation screw, the installation of the panoramic camera lifted the bracket was completed -this is the first appearance of the space station cabin's electrical tool. This time, as the "backbone player" of the space station maintenance task, the electrical tools outside the cabin did not humiliate the mission again, and cooperated with the astronauts to complete the installation of the cabin equipment.

Due to the restrictions on the package of the spacecraft at the time of launch, the external structure of the camera raised the bracket cannot be directly launched, and the spacemen will be adjusted and maintained by the spacemen. Outside the cabin maintenance tools are like the "robotic partner" of the astronauts, which directly affects whether the outlet mission can be carried out smoothly.

Compared with the science fiction and visual impact that the space station itself brings people, in the live broadcast of the cabin, the off -cabin maintenance tools are closer to life. "Outside the electric tools, this space version of the" electric screw knife "is different from the flashlight diamonds everywhere in our lives?" Some people ask this way. In this regard, Fu Hao, the head of the space station of the Fifth Hospital of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, Fu Hao, the person in charge of the space station of the Ministry of Environmental Engineering, understands: "In fact, the first time I received the task, due to the less experience in reference, we also used to be in our minds. Flashing like this. "

Only when they start designing, they find out how difficult the task is. According to Fu Hao, in a state of weight loss, when the astronauts are out of the cabin, they can only rely on the armrest and foot limiter to adjust their posture. With a thick out of the cabin, and only one -handed operation tools, the designer needs to repeatedly study each grip, press, and spin the operation to ensure the smooth progress of the task. In the environment, the electrical tool set circuit, motor, power supply, thermal control, mechanism and other components in the cabin must ensure that all components work normally and stable under strict environmental conditions; "Escape" becomes "space garbage", so as not to launch a hidden safety hazard for long -term stable operation of the space station ... In view of the above -mentioned constraints, the out -of -class tool designers must fully review each scene where the astronauts change in the track of the rail The precise positioning cabin's electrical tools can effectively carry out design work in more than 20 types of temperature changes in orbit.

Assume that it is myself

How to design a good set of off -cabin maintenance tools? Outside tool designers have a common answer in their hearts: assuming it is themselves.

"To work with this attitude, the perfection of the product is natural." Fu Hao told reporters that for each tool, everyone will conduct at least three rounds of exercise: the first round, from the perspective of the astronaut operation, in the mind, in mind Develop the entire process of executing tasks from beginning to end, and combine the work scene of the cabin to continuously improve the design plan; in the second round, based on the design drawings, use a computer to establish the simulation model and verify the design function; Zhongzhong and astronauts communicated face to face to strive for all details.

After the test compartment was completed in the rail assembly, the astronauts will get out of the air gate of the test compartment. According to the new layout, the designer adapts to the toolbox of the storage tool. However, when the astronauts simulated the weightless verification, they found that the astronauts need to fully expose their bodies out of the air gate to remove or install the portable foot limiter and off -cabinet operation desk.

"Tools are the first step in the space staff's outlet mission, and he can't feel the bottom of his heart here." Faced with the progress of intense development, the designers cooperated closely with the overall unit and asked the astronauts' feelings carefully. Several upgrade schemes and simulation simulation technology are combined to ensure that the astronauts can complete the release in the half -out state, which effectively improves the convenience and safety of the operation. In addition, the designers also changed the material of the operation desk outside the cabin to reduce the effect of reducing rotation effects effectively; optimizing the shape of the installation end, so that the astronauts inserted the outside operating desk into the installation seat of the toolbox more smoothly ... Focusing on the small part of the tooling tools, the designers discussed and modified dozens of times, just because "it can be better."

After receiving the "military order", I never hit the "retreat"

Although the average age of members of the maintenance tool development team is only 32 years old, no one has played "retreat" since the "military order".

The development cycle is abnormally urgent, and the development experience is almost zero -such arduous tasks forced young members to grow quickly into "multi -faceted hands" of design, testing and processing. In the early stage of the mission, it was difficult to design high -quality solutions based on the insufficient records in the literature, and the development of the development was once in a bottleneck. However, they are flexible and more golden, and they have a different approach to transfer their attention from the maintenance tool itself to the installation work of the space station. Since skill workers can make the space station on the ground understand? Therefore, they communicated in -depth to communicate with skill workers, improve their knowledge system in product design and engineering applications, and carefully analyze each use of the work conditions, accurately simulate each sports trajectory, and explore each fault mode. Philippines.

In this way, the team captured a number of technical difficulties such as tool functions and environmental adaptability, and compiled 626 first/positive files and 2565 drawings. Each tool not only undergone strict tests such as high and low temperature tests and mechanics tests, but also was sent to the hands of the astronauts to fully simulate verification, and the operation and use effect was highly recognized by the overall unit and the astronaut system.

In order to adapt to the adjustment of the exit, several new "mechanical partners" designed by the team members have taken the questioning compartment to the space, and will appear one by one with the subsequent outlet mission. "For the new needs that may occur in the operation of subsequent space stations, we have the confidence to take on the corresponding tool development tasks, and contribute to the construction and maintenance of the space station and the scientific research on the track!" Fu Hao said firmly.

(Our newspaper

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