[Protecting historical relics, firm cultural self -confidence ②] "Reading" historical memory of "reading" place names

Located in the ancient town of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu. Photo by Li Junfeng/Guangming Picture

Visitors watching red -mouth gulls at Haiyu Dam in Kunming, Yunnan. Xinhua News Agency

Visitors visit the Mogao Grottoes Scenic Area, Dunhuang. Zhang Xiaoliang Photo/Guangming Picture

Beijing city scenery. Xinhua News Agency

[Protecting historical relics, firm cultural self -confidence ②]

Editor

Starting from May 1, the newly revised "Regulations on the Management of the Genown" will be officially implemented to establish a special chapter in the protection of place names and culture to clearly strengthen the protection of place names and cultural heritage, formulate protection lists, do file management, and encourage social participation.

The place name is ubiquitous in our lives, but it is a cultural heritage that is easily overlooked. It is like a coordinate system, which changes along its time and space, and you can touch the change of history; it looks like a manual, which can let you understand the natural humanities of the place. For everyone, those familiar place names often pinnate the feelings and belonging. We explore the interesting people, things, things behind you with you, and listen to expert suggestions on how to inherit the protective place culture culture.

【Reporter Observation】

A Junior Natural History Archive

In the downtown city of Dongcheng District, Beijing, there is a "historian alley" hidden quietly. There is a small historian Hutong Museum in the alley. Although the length of the hutong is only about 700 meters, it has witnessed countless years: it was built in the Yuan Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, retaining the traditional pattern. This is the test room for the Qing government to select international students to go to the United States, and it is also the beginning of the Beijing People's Art Theater. Many celebrities have lived here. The museum introduced the origin of the name of the "Historian Hutong": there is a saying that the alley is named after the history of the history; the other is that there was a big family named Shi.

In Beijing, there are hundreds of thousands of such hutongs. In March of this year, the "Traditional Placement Protection List of Capital Functional District (the First Batch of the Street Hutong)" was officially announced, including 598 such as brick tower alley, historian alley, and Baihua depth.

After reading this list, you will find a lot of interesting hutong names, and there are many stories behind the name: "Yangmeizhu Ling Street" is named for its towns from northeast to southwest; It was named because the army was stationed here during the Ming and Qing Dynasties; the "Sanbao Dad Hutong" was originally named by people to commemorate Zheng He and named his former residence. The selling donkey mule is called "donkey city hutong". By the end of the Xuantong years in the early Qing Dynasty, people took harmonic sounds to "ritual hutong", adding the cultural meaning of Li Xian ...

"A place name or a place name system can often present the regional characteristics vividly. At the same time, it is also a cultural value system, which reflects the value cognition of a certain space, a certain period of time, and the scope of a certain population. , Educational propaganda, inheritance of the significant characteristics of history. For example, a series of place names in the old city in Beijing reflect the cultural characteristics of the orderly and fusion of ritual and music. , Baihe Shan, Baogui River, Panlongjiang, Jinma Biji, etc., reflect the unique natural worship and cultural characteristics in the southwest. "Huang He, a professor of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University, believes.

As a symbolic system, the place name or the characteristic natural geographical landforms that are rich in the place, or the characteristic positioning given by the human settlement, or the combination of natural and human characteristics. The place name can also cause lasting resonance in the crowd and form a common spiritual home. For example, the word "Dunhuang" in Gansu outlines the flying sky romance in the Gobi of the Northwest Dallery; when it comes to Chang'an Street, people appear in front of the capital of the capital of the capital. Give enough place to protect the place names, maintain the stability of the place name system, and strengthen publicity by strengthening publicity, let the public recognize the cultural value of place names, and jointly create and protect beautiful homes. "Huang He said.

Sage cultural belonging, warm soul harbor

The place name is not only a symbol that is closely related to daily life, but also the belonging of people's minds.

Xiao Zheng, who is studying editing and publishing, is very interested in history and culture. In recent years, he has focused on studying the family genealogy. In the process, he found an interesting phenomenon that some place names were named after the ancestor or experienced. "An old ancestor, migrated to somewhere, did what he did, that place may be named after that. But for hundreds of years, when the accent changes, everyone may not know this."

He checked a lot of local name information. "Big to the province, the city, the small to the township, the village, and even a pavilion, a bridge, many of them have historical origins. For example, Yiyang, originally the north of Ziyang, Zijiang; Anhua, Xinhua, bandits in the war years, turbulent, turbulent, and turbulent. After being behind, I hope to get peace and implementation after the flatness. The town in my hometown is called Yuejiaqiao. It is said that Yue Fei once stayed there in the army; there was a village called a bathing floor, saying that the army soldiers were showering there. " In the past, these stories have not only reflected historical changes, but also reflect the customs and beautiful visions.

In the process of dialect survey and research, Xu Yue, a professor at the School of Humanities of Hangzhou Normal University, found that many place names were closely related to local dialects and their historical and cultural, which deeply reflected the changes in people's language use. "For example, the place name of the Kingdom of Jiaxing. In the local dialect, the" king 'sounds and' yang 'are the relics of the ancient sound. Wu Jiang' Pingwang 'in the local dialect is the same as the "Ping Ping" Streaming changes. "In Xu Yue's view, the evolution of place names and changes in pronunciation has its historical sources. It carries local characteristics, historical and culture, and rich information for linguistic research. "It is recommended to record and explain the pronunciation of the special place names in various local characters to help young people and people else know more about local culture." On December 31, 2021, located on You'anmenwai Street and Yulin, You'anmen District, Fengtai District, Beijing, 2021 The Metro Scenic Gate Station on the intersection of the South Road was opened. Xiao Wang, a resident who lives nearby, was curious: "Why not call You'anmen Station?" He found that many residents around him were puzzled by this place name. In this regard, Yue Shengyang, a place name, explained that Jingfeng Gate is the gate of the capital of Jinzhong. It was destroyed by the Yuan Army in 1215, which named the history of Beijing Jiandu and related archeological excavations.

Xiao Wang said that after looking at the expert science, he checked the relevant information. "The history of the Ming and Qing dynasties is relatively familiar. I can say that I can say it completely about Jin Dai. This is a good opportunity to learn."

A cultural heritage that needs to be guarded

Strengthen the construction of related teams in place names, establish a protection list, publish books, produce special documentary related to place name culture, develop cultural and creative products, build place name culture display venues ... There are many ways to protect the inheritance of place name culture. In recent years, with the improvement of the culture of place names, a series of policies and regulations have been introduced in various places. For example, Chongqing uses "place name culture protection" as one of the important contents of the "Chongqing City Placement Management Regulations" in 2021, and clarifies it in the form of a special chapter. The "Measures for the Development of the Minnan Cultural Protection of Xiamen Economic Zone", which was officially implemented in June 2020, is my country's first special local cultural protection laws and regulations. Among them, "the place names of the place names, renamed, use, and place name signs should be paid attention to. Protection and inheritance of Minnan culture. " From May 1st, the newly revised "Regulations on the Management of Place names" was officially implemented, which brought new opportunities for the protection of place name culture.

In November 2019, a program entitled "China Placement Conference" began to be broadcast on CCTV. With its deep cultural heritage and outstanding intellectual interest, it quickly attracted attention. On Douban, the scores of the two seasons are as high as 8.3 and 8.4, respectively. Some netizens said: "Taking place names as a carrier, introducing traditional culture such as geography, history, and humanities in China, including many excellent traditional ideas, such as the feelings of the hometown, the love of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, the reading of thousands of books and thousands of miles. The philosophy, etc., are things that the audience is familiar with and easy to empathize. "

Wang Yan, staff member of the "China Geographical Conference" program group, told reporters that their original intention was to use this show to dig the cultural style in the place names and evoke more people to pay attention to the place names. "We find that the place name is sometimes similar to the name of the person, and we will commemorate some time nodes and events, and it will be beautiful." Wang Yan said, "People living in the same place of name often have a common feature, not only the appearance, but in him, in him Can feel the spirit, temperament, personality, personality, and lifestyle. This is the simplest language, but has the richest information. Thousands of years later people can understand what the ancients experienced through their names. Xiangxiang is very wonderful. We hope to tap the lives of people behind the earth names and the core of their endless life. "

Wang Jianfu of the Zhoushan Civil Affairs Bureau of Zhejiang Province is a member of the expert group of the China Geography Conference. For more than 30 years, he has ran more than 600 islands, and the number of places of information and information that has been organized is millions. He has also been constantly to the public science popular science culture culture. His WeChat name is "place name is a kind of culture." In his opinion, it is very gratifying in the past few years that more and more people are interested in the cultural culture. However, in daily work, he also deeply appreciated the gap in talent: now in the period of leapfrog development, the number of new place in each city has been greater than the past few decades. ,A lot of pressure. The place name seems simple, but it involves multi -disciplinary knowledge such as geography, history, language, and such as the grassroots.

How to better protect the existing old place names and tap its cultural connotation? "Now a lot of place names have too much cultural atmosphere. For thousands of years, hundreds of years of culture, condense in a place name, once arbitrary changes, the cultural inheritance of the culture has been cut off." But Xiao Wang There are also doubts, "The protection of historical place names is important, but do you need to consider the corresponding economic costs and convenience of life? For places that have been used to new place names or have no historical relics, whether What about the new name in advance? "

Regarding this issue, the reporter launched an investigation on Weibo. 55%of participants believe that more places should be reflected in the inheritance of traditional culture, but 33%of netizens suggest that maintaining the status quo without affecting life is the most important.

In this regard, Han Maoli, a professor at the History and Geographic Research Center of the School of City and Environment of Peking University, believes: "All place names containing historical memory are not descended out of thin air, but in the past history, they choose, accept and inherit it.Identification. The maintenance or replacement of place names must be followed by stable purpose, and we must respect the history and consider today's application. "(Our reporter Chen Zhiyin)

(Project team: Our reporter Chen Zhiyin Wang Simin)

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