Quanzhou "Lion" words 丨 Marine culture bred "Boat Lion"

Living in the sea, living with the sea, and the spirit of Quanzhou, who is full of the spirit of "love to win", had left the ruins of marine civilization as early as the pre -Qin period; in the Qin and Han dynasties, the indigenous Min Yue people living on this land The clan "takes the boat as the car and the horses as the horse" galloping on the sea; the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties, Quanzhou already has "large ships and overseas"; after the fifth generation, the most significant development in the history of Chinese overseas transportation is "the arrival of the Quanzhou era" ; During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the largest port in the East Ling Quanzhou became the most prosperous economic and trade zone in the world ... and the boat boat also played a vital role in the "History of the Marine" as a carrier of Quanzhou people to conquer the ocean and chase dreams. □ Quanzhou Evening News reporter Yan Yingying Wenwen/Picture

Lion head decoration on the "Princess Taiping"

The past life of the blessing boat

Ancient people living in the southeast coast of China lived on hunting and fishing, and were good at driving boats on the river road. The long coastline of the Whenewan and the twists and turns in Fujian made people from Fujian and Vietnam aware of shipbuilding and navigation activities. As early as the 6th century AD, there was already a record of friendly exchanges between Quanzhou and the South China Sea. In the Tang Dynasty, it became one of the four major ports in my country. The best embodiment of prosperity. In the fifth generation, Quanzhou was further developed under the national policy of "recruiting barbarians in the sea" in Fujian. The need for overseas trade has also contributed to the prosperity of the local shipbuilding industry.

Di Shiping location schematic diagram

In the Song Dynasty, the four states and troops along the coast of Fujian all have ships. The saying of "building a boat every year". The Song Yihao General of the Song Dynasty, Lu Yihao, made the following conclusions in the memorial of Song Gaozong's "On the Board of Board": "Sea boats are on the Fujian ship, and the western ships of Guangdong are second, and Wen Mingzhou is again." The status in marine shipping.

Schematic diagram of the head lion

"Fu Boat" is a collective name for the remote ocean -made wooden ships made of Fujian coast. This kind of ship type is strong, available and resistant to waves. The blessing ship is the first choice. Zheng He's fleet of the west was drove to Western countries, passing the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and also to deep -water waters such as the Persian Gulf and East Africa. The Mongolian Army of the Yuan Dynasty crossed Japan in the east and went south to occupy the city. Most of the warships used were also created by Fujian. Later, Marco Polo escorted Princess Grand Princess to marry Persia, and its thorns.

The first moment of the ship has the meaning of the lion head

Although the blessing ship plays a very important role in the history of my country's ships, the study of the blessing ship in the academic world seems to be weak, and the historical data of the blessing ship is also very lacking. There is no particularly in -depth study in structure and characteristics, so it also leaves a lot of imagination space for some traditional shapes and decorations on the blessing boat, such as the "head lion", which is the image of the lion head on the bow.

Yong Gengyu Arabic style building and Chinese sailing murals in Yonggeng Village, Yongtai County. There is a lion head image in the painting head in the painting.

In some historical photos, the head of the blessing ship is often carved or painted with a tiger head or lion head image. According to the transnational inheritor of Jinjiang City, the representative inheritor of Jinjiang City, Chen Chun, who is accustomed to the "Tiger Headpadpier "Or" Lion Head ", because the ancients regarded the tiger or lion as the king of beasts, and engraved the tiger head and lion head on the bow of the bow. Another possibility is that the beast of the bow is an ancient Swiss beast, one of the nine sons of the dragon -狻猊, and the general shipbuilding craftsman may not know the legendary animals at all, so the more popular "lion" is used. Call it.

Although the ancient books do not clearly record the difference between the two beasts of the blessing boat bow or the lion, there is a saying that the head of the warship has more tiger heads. Because the tiger is a traditional Chinese animal, the ship's head of the ship is The lion head for more lions is related to the lion's "foreign species". In ancient Quanzhou, it was more affordable in the eyes of these countries in the eyes of businessmen in these countries.

In addition to the title of "head lion", there is also a structure related to the "lion" on the blessing boat, that is, there is a loft on the head of the blessing boat. The front deck is called "Tou Shiping". Since the head carved by the beast, it may cover the sight of the boat, so a loft will be created for the "observation deck".

In the Xiamen boat in the Japanese Edo period, the boat first had a lion head image. At that time, the Quanzhou ship, like the Xiamen ship, was usually white.

Regardless of the history of overseas trading or the history of ancient ships, the shipbuilding skills of Quanzhou Fuboa have a place. In 1984, after visiting the ancient ships of the Song Dynasty in the Song Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, Dr. Li Joseph, a famous British scientific history, praised "this is the most in the history of Chinese natural sciences. One of the important discoveries! "The ancient ship model of the Fugu Boat was even permanently collected by the UNESCO headquarters. At that time, the patterns and shapes of the beautiful meaning of "Anlan Sea Kingdom" and "smooth -profit" and other meaning of the ancient ship were also regarded as a symbol of peace and smoothness, wealth and auspiciousness, and good luck, and were loved by people.

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