The past of Shanghai "Master": How many people have fulfilled the dreams of houses ｜ Share before bedtime

He is the leader of the craftsman. He has superb skills and has a certain organizational ability and enjoys high prestige. In the 1970s and 1980s, farmers in the suburbs of Shanghai built their own housing, and they were mostly led by master and were responsible for construction. In his hometown, Master Wu, a neighbor, was once a master of reputation.

Not long ago, I went back to my hometown and talked to Master Wu. When he talked about "the master of the head", he had a god with his eyes, like Hong Zhong, and talked about it. He said that in the old days, farmers built a house, first to find a recognized master, and the headmaster also had to go to the landlord's house first, and asked on the spot. Still three floors, how many rooms should be built and how much goes. After that, the master will see the foundation base, the surrounding environment, etc., so as to do it. After discussing the house of the house with the owner, finally finalized, when the building materials entered the market and started construction.

At the beginning of the construction, we must first determine the width size and depth data of the house. At this time, there will be two bamboo poles in the hands of the headmaster. One is called "horizontal bar pole". ; The other is called the "stall pole". This pole determines the length of the rod based on the depth of the house. Generally, the "Qilu head" house must have six gear rods in length to facilitate measures to measure the depth of the house.

After determining the width and depth of the house, the master must start to "foot", also known as the "generous foot", which is to dig the foundation for the foundation of the wall. Of course, before the "foot", you must first knock on the "Longmen Pile". This pile is around the periphery of the wall. To make a straight corner, ensure that there is no deviation in the construction of a house. During the "foot", the master was inspected and guided on the spot. The foundation of the foundation must be dug into the real soil. The foundation was dug, and the "three -in -soil" mixed with mixed stones, broken bricks, and broken tiles were placed. The four of them pulled up circular stones, shouted the labor number, and continued to consolidate the foundation until the master was satisfied.

The "foot" ended, the foundation was firm, and the wall began to build a wall. Generally, the master will not participate directly, but he will hold the bracket and thread hammer to continue to inspect the measurement to see if the walls of the mud watermaker are vertically vertical. Sometimes when the front and rear walls and the left and right walls are not built up in synchronization, the headmaster will ask the wall master to pay attention to leave bricks at the junction of the two walls, so that when the bricks are built, the two walls are more firm. In the meantime, the master must also set up the door, window files, and cleverly designed the niches according to the requirements of the owner, so that the owner can rest assured. When the wall head is built to a certain height, the master will take the "vertical headstone" to mark the height of the wall. Place the cement beam on the door and window stalls, and the bricks are connected to the flat. In this way, the first floor of the wall is basically completed, such as building buildings, two and three floors are also constructed. The surrounding walls are well built, and the head of the leader and wood work, and go to the beam as the roof together.

The scene when making a house. The author remakes from "Fengxian County Tuzhi"

In fact, you can be a master, so that many craftsmen are convinced, and there must be a unique in hand. In this regard, Master Wu was interested in talking about his "tincture". This work is below the eaves of the eaves outside the roof, and the small triangle is built out with bricks. Because there are no bearing objects below, the mud master uses bricks and lower bricks, and it is very difficult. It is very difficult to do it. Master Wu did it, and people praised it.

As for how Master Wu was a mud waterman, as a master, he said with a smile that he had three "19" in his life, which was also coincidental. The first "19" was a growing period for school. He graduated from Songjiang No. 2 Middle School at 19 years old. He did not take the university and went home to farm. The second "19" to the age of 38, participated in agricultural labor and learned to be a mud waterman. The third "19" to the age of 57, working at six companies in the municipal residential house, from operators, material staff, and quality aspects, have always been the project manager. At the age of 57, he retired early from the unit and continued to exert its heat.

Master Wu was the first time when he was the first "19". At that time, the villagers built their own housing enthusiasm, so the village set up a "Democratic Construction and Democratic Squad" to build a house for the villagers in the village. Master Wu also joined the trend. That year, Master Wu's friend commissioned him to find a headmaster to help his house built a building next to the building. After hearing this, Master Wu said quickly, don't look for it, I will help Nong Nong, Bao Nong is satisfied. During the construction, Master Wu handled the problem of settlement of the building. The quality of the new house was very good, and his friends were amazed. In this way, Master Wu, who was the first master of the head, fought in a gun, and the villagers made a house for him to ask him as a leader. That year, the village secretary of the village secretary was designated as a master Wu. He said that others were unreasonable. In this regard, Master Wu was at ends, and he was convincing and made a good house.

In fact, in life, Master Wu not only has prestige in building houses, but he can also set his mind in other things. In 1980, the neighboring guy fell in the college entrance examination. He wanted to worship him as a teacher and learn to be a mud waterman. Master Wu did not accept it. He combined his life experience and encouraged him to study again and again. In the early 1980s, Master Wu joined the army to join the army. He warned his son that his son had a third -class merit in the military camp.

Over the years, Master Wu has picked up at home. He has been in the construction site, and now he is full of silver hair and enters his old age.One generation is the head of the head, and it is only stored in people's memories. Think of the dream of the former house, and pays respect for the master of the head.By the way, Master Wu's name is again, and his second brother Wu Tongzhang is one of the founders of the Shanghai Cultural and History Museum and the founder of Jinshan Farmers.The house in the country.Photo by the author

Liberation Daily · Shangguan News Original manuscript, reprinting without permission

Author: Cao Yijun

Text Editor: Shen Yilun

WeChat editor: Antong

School pair: Rong

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