Deng Dada's knowledge of "agricultural industry"

Deng Yanda

After the National Revolution and the National Revolution failed, the KMT left leader Deng Dada often used the concept of "agricultural industry". For example, on March 16, 1927, Deng Dada said in his speech to the eleventh officer of the Fourth Army: "Now the party must vigorously help the agricultural industry movement" and so on. The academic community has a point of view that Deng Dada seems to pay more attention to farmers in the two farmers and workers, because he puts "farmers" before "workers".

The author believes that the above understanding is not true. In fact, Deng Dada sometimes uses the concept of "workers and peasants", and also uses the concepts of "workers and peasants" and "agricultural industry" at the same time. For example, on April 2, 1927, Deng Shangda said in the article "The New Stage of the Chinese Revolution and the New Mission of the National Revolution": "The principle of the reason is that the revolution is the most urgent -the main force of the revolution is the agricultural worker, so the revolutionary army is so It should be the pioneer team of the agricultural workers. The Revolutionary Army should fight for the interests of workers and peasants, and it is the most brave and progressive militants among the workers and peasants. "On November 1, 1927, Deng Shangda and Song Qingling and Chen Youren were in China and" to China and "to China. In the article "Declaration of the World Revolutionary People", both the concept of "workers and peasants" and the concept of "agricultural industry". It is worth mentioning that Deng Dada also clearly stated that farmers and workers should be parallel in their position. For example, on September 1, 1930, Deng Shangda said in the article "The Political Proposal of the Chinese Kuomintang's Interim Action Committee": "We must ensure that the interests of agricultural workers are really guaranteed and the interests of workers and peasants can develop parallel." In exchange for the two concepts of "the interests of agricultural workers" and "the interests of workers and peasants", and said that the interests of workers and the interests of farmers can develop parallel. It can be seen that in Deng Yangda's eyes, farmers and workers are equal, that is, these two groups were regarded by Deng Da Da.

Of course, Deng Dada still uses the concept of "agricultural industry" more. For example, in April 1931, Deng Shangda used the concept of "agricultural industry" three times in the "The Declaration of the Chinese Kuomintang's Temporary Action Committee against the Nanjing Pseudo -National Conference", but the article did not use the concept of "workers and peasants". The author believes that the reason for this is mainly because Sun Yat -sen has identified the three major policies of the United Russia and the United States and the Republican help agricultural workers in his later years. As the leader of the Kuomintang left, Deng Yangda fully supported Sun Yat -sen's policies. After the failure of the National Revolution, Deng Dada continued to implement Sun Yat -sen's New Three People's Principles, especially inheriting and developing Sun Yat -sen's policy of helping agriculture and industry to explore the path of reviving the Chinese revolution. Therefore, due to the influence of Sun Yat -sen to help agricultural and workers' ideas and policies, Deng Dada used the concept of "agricultural industry" more.

Although Deng Yanda's "agricultural industry" and "workers and peasants" are the same concept, that is, in his eyes, farmers and workers are equal, and they should be regarded as equal. The role and status still have their own characteristics.

Deng Yanda believes that farmers are the "main force of the revolution." During the National Revolution, Deng Shangda saw about 80 % of the national population, and "bitter land can be cultivated." In the article "The Theory and Reality of the Farmers Movement" on June 19th,: "Farmers are the main force of the revolution." In other words, "China's national revolution can be said to be the peasant revolution." The target of the Chinese revolution is dying. "Of course, Deng Dada also realized that there were certain defects in farmers at this time, such as lack of" leadership "or no" unified organization ". Democratic revolution.

At the same time, Deng Dada also believes that industrial workers are more likely to gain leadership. During the National Revolution, Deng Dada saw the brutal oppression and exploitation of imperialism and feudal warlords and capitalists, and the same life was "painful". He also saw that the workers "because they lived in a bunch, were easy to unite, and did a lot of shocking things." Therefore, Deng Dada advocated that farmers "contacted" workers in the process of conducting democratic revolution, "to learn them" and "worship them as teachers". On the basis of these cognition, Deng Shangda proposed in the article "May 1st" on May 1, 1926: "Progressive industrial workers are naturally easier to gain a leader."

In short, after the failure of the National Revolution and the National Revolution, Deng Dada realized that farmers were "the main force of the revolution", but they lacked "leadership" and no "unified organization"; while workers' lives and work were more concentrated. "In particular, industrial workers are more likely to gain leadership. In other words, agricultural workers have their own characteristics in the democratic revolution. In addition, Deng Dada also realized that the agricultural tools have something in common. For example, they are "direct producers" and "seriously oppressed politics, and they are economically exploited by cruelly" "occupying the vast majority of the Chinese people in terms of quantity" It is very "fighting that needs liberation." On the basis of these knowledge, Deng Dada gradually proposed the famous civilian revolution theory after the National Revolution failed. According to this theory, "civilians" are "united with agricultural workers and other petty bourgeoisie", "alliances as class fights", "co -fight for social, political, and economic liberation to seek national independence and freedom."

Deng Yanda Exhibition Hall

Obviously, the theory of Deng Dada's civilian revolution pursues the master of agricultural workers as the master, which is a step forward than that of Sun Yat -sen's support of agricultural workers during the National Revolution.Of course, the deficiencies also exist.For example, he believes that only the Chinese Kuomintang Temporary Action Committee can complete the democratic revolutionary tasks and establish a "civilian regime."This is naturally wrong, because history has proven that only Chinese proletariat parties, namely the Communist Party of China, can lead the Chinese people to complete the democratic revolutionary tasks and establish the people's regime.(Chen Guanliang Tao Jiyi, Author Unit: School of Marxism, Jinan University)

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