Visit the National Park -3. Know the flowers of plants

Suddenly like the spring breeze, thousands of trees and pears bloom.

Entering the National Botanical Garden, the most eye -catching is the flowers, colorful, graceful, and fragrant.

1. Flower culture

In traditional Chinese culture, I especially love Meilan bamboo chrysanthemum:

The plum branches are strong and powerful, and they are not bent, breaking through the ice and snow to bring the breath of early spring, symbolizing the strong and unyielding will.

Orchid peanuts are from the deep mountains and valleys, and the flowers are clear and far away.

The ancients of bamboo often met the symbol of the high wind and bright festival with "jade can be broken without changing its white, and bamboo can burn without destroying its festivals."

The chrysanthemums are colorful, and they are full of charm, or they are graceful, either quiet, or enthusiastic, and have the elegance of painting and poetry.

2. Flower structure

Flowers are reproductive organs with quilt plants (quilt plants, also known as flower plants or flowering plants). Its biological function is combined with male fine cells and female egg cells to produce seeds. The combination of flowers born on the same plant is called inflorescence.

The flower structure of the bare plant is relatively simple, and there are usually no obvious flowers, monomer, forming male balls and female ball flowers, and the structure of the quilt plants is complicated and diverse. So the flowers generally refer to the flowers of the quilt plant.

Flowers are actually shortened abnormal branches. From the perspective of the form and structure of the flowers, the general nature of the leaves. The shape of the flowers is full of shape, but all the flowers still have a common structural pattern. Their composition is usually:

Crown: The perverted leaves of the second round are composed of several petals; they often have various colors and aromas. There are lobe flowers and pair of petals. It can attract insects to spread powder and protect the stamens and pistils.

Flower Too: It is a slightly expanding part at the top of the flower stems, with a calyx, corolla and other parts, and there are many shapes.

Flower quilts: the collective name of the calyx and corolla. It is often divided into two categories: flowers, single quilts, and no flowers (naked flowers).

Flower stalks: It is a small branch connected to the stems, and it is also a channel connected to the stems and flowers, and supports flowers. There are long, short, or no.

Sembrate: an independent and green part that forms a calyx.

Cross -calyx: The total name of the sepals. The perverted leaves of the outer wheel of the flower are composed of several sepals, which are evergreen, with separation, harp, and vice, and protect the young flowers.

The stamen group: There are many types of stamens in a flower, there are many types, each stamen includes flower medicine and filaments.

Pistles: The total name of all pistils in a flower. It can be composed of one or more pistils. The reproductive organ that forms pistils is called the heart skin, which contains a sub -room, while the sub -room has embryo (containing female dubbing). A pistil may be composed of multiple hearts. In this case, if each heart skin is separated to form a single pistil, that is, it is called centrifugal skin. The sticky top of the pistil is called the stigma, which is the receptor of pollen. The flowers and columns are connected to the stigma and the sub -room. It is the channel for the pollen tube to enter the sub -room after germination of pollen grains.

Flower pillars: Located between the sub -room and the stigma, the pistils are usually thinner.

Sub -room: The pistil contains the bottom part of the beads, mature as a fruit.

Embryo: A small structure of the seed plant contains embryo sacs and is surrounded by beads. After fertilization, it grows into seeds.

3. Flower shape

The corolla is located in the inside of the calyx, consisting of several petals, which are lined up in one or many rounds. The corolla is usually bright and beautiful, but there are also many plants with white corolla. Due to the different shapes and sizes of the corolla or petals, the petals are separated or combined with each other and the depths of mutual combination, and the corolla forms a variety of different forms.

4. Flower

Some of the flowers of the quilt plants are single flowers on the top of the branches or the axillary of the leaf, called single flowers, such as peony and Mulan. However, the flowers of most plants will be born on the flower axis regularly in a certain way. The method of flowing on the flower shaft and the open order of the flowers are called the inflorescence. The inflorescence of the inflorescence or the main axis is called the inflorescence shaft or the flower axis. The flowers on the inflorescence are called small flowers, and the small flowers are called small flower stalks. The leafless stalks are called flowers.

(Reprinted from this article: Forestry and Grassland Science Popular WeChat public account)

- END -