Daemon

Author:China News Weekly Time:2022.07.05

Nothing has never been a savior

There is no God, Caesar, and guardian officials

Davis repeatedly reminds us that during the development process

The rules based on cells are

Simple, blind, local

I read Zhuzhu's "Eggs and Eggs" earlier, and saw him lamenting in the book: "The current scientists can neither imitate Shang Ye's atrocities. Observe its changes; there is no other humanity method, which can achieve the same purpose, "So you can only look forward to a pregnant woman who is a small produce or dying in the accident, or in the uterus that is cut off for illness," get one and a half dead people who do not live. Eggs, as research data. Such research will never be thorough. For details of the preliminary development of the human body, I am afraid that it is still unclear for tens of hundreds of years, and it is still impossible to understand. "

Zhu Zhong said "will never be thorough", although it refers to an irreplaceable ethical boundary (in fact, scientists can still be used in a roundabout to use animals such as fish, fruit flies, chickens, and mice for embryo experiments), but but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but), but embryo experiments), but),), embryo experiments are used. It also seems that the power of reducing theory from the edge is not to face the complicated system. Once the life body is decomposed, life will disappear. Biologist Stephen Rosaman wrote a book for this, called "Limitation of Restoration theory" (Chinese translation was published in 2006).

The restorationist believers believe that as long as the physical and chemical effects of each component in the organisms are poor, it is enough to explain all life phenomena. However, restore life as "semi -dead human eggs", and further restore into the results of the characteristics of DNA and the characteristics of protein. There is indeed a crack between this concept and our daily experience. In Rosan's words, the essence of "bridge 'that connects life elements with its biological characteristics is not yet known to this day."

The limitations of restoration theory are not enough to deny the theory of restoration itself. However, the emergence of self -organizing theory may be the "bridge" of the aforementioned theory and help to return the theory to regain the foothold again. The book "The Forming of Life" is convincing to explain the development of human embryos with adaptive self -organizing theory -maybe you can also use it as a book with human embryo development to explain the theory of adaptive self -organizing theory, but no matter whether it is Which one is, it is very professional and clear.

The author of this book Jamie Davis is an experimental anatomy professor at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. On the ResearchGate of scientific research and social networking sites, his self -introduction is: "My main interest is biological self -organizing. This laboratory studies how it operates in normal development, builds a model in computers and synthetic biological structures, and will self -organizational process. Used to organize engineering. "

The concept of adaptive self -organization runs through the book. Davis uses it to explain how human life body builds a formal form step by step from a single cell and molecule. This process is very different from the building building. There are no architects and engineers control the overall situation, no overall or local blueprint, and no foreign skilled workers to participate in it. Cells and molecules are interacted with basic mechanical principles and chemical rules. They split themselves and assemble themselves. From one to 100 million, from 100 million to trillion, with time, space, or concentration Establish complexity, from part to the whole, and eventually created a big live person with flesh and blood. Eggs or life eggs? It seems that it is still eggs.

For example, the embryo began to have differences after reaching 32 or 64 cells. There is also no prefabricated rules in this step. "How to create a mode in a place without mode? The plan for embryos to solve this problem is elegant: obtaining information from the rules of geometry." Professor Davis said lightly. Cells differentiate into different types based on their positions in the embryo or detecting signals from the environment, creating differences. The embryo can detect the boundaries between two types of cells, to create a third type of cells, which will form a new boundary between them, and once again create a new type. Sex is increasing, thereby building complex organizations. This is the case since then. He wrote:

"The development of each organ will occur in a specific order, and finally each organ develops its own unique anatomical structure. Each development event comes from very basic mechanisms, such as manufacturing pipelines, combined pipelines, allowing cells to allow cells Gathering together, and so on. Different organs often use the same molecular mechanism to control these events. "

There has never been a savior, and there is no God, Caesar, and the protection officials. Davis repeatedly reminded us that in the process of development, the rules based on cells are simple, blind, and local. They don't know "overall planning". In fact, there is no overall plan. The embryo will "continue to use the conversation between cells to successfully regulate the development process, relying on the actual development status, not‘ should ’.”

Social self -organizing and taking the big group of fans in the open -air concert as an example: "Although environmental characteristics make no one manage the overall situation, most of the time people still organize themselves safely and reasonably. From a larger scale Speaking of the core mechanisms of civilization, such as language development, economic principles, food distribution principles, and even scientific exploration methods, they all originate from the interaction of a large number of people. No one holds the privilege of the overall foreigner. Based on a limited local knowledge action. However, although occasional economic turmoil, human civilization can still be said to be well -organized and quite stable. In fact, some people have tried to create language or economic models with their own strength, but they have not been proven to not look like The traditional model is so efficient, that is, everyone only organizes self -organization according to limited environmental conditions. "In the intensive knowledge jungle in the book, sporadic scattered a small fun that may be left. We read that there is a protein called "thinking bomb". Almost half of the children will experience a fracture once in adolescence. The first thing in the embryo is the hip, and its appearance is far before the noble human head formed. In order to stuff the huge brain into the small brain, the pipe -shaped brain had to be bent and folded. The original tissue materials of the development of bisexual genitals are exactly the same, "just like origami enthusiasts can use the same paper to fold completely different works." A powerful signal protein called nodal (meaning "knot") will affect the expression of genes and break the left and right mirror symmetry of the embryo. In addition to the left heart and right liver, it also caused the testicular high and one low -the 2002 Funny Nobel Prize was awarded to a scientist who studied the asymmetry of Greek sculpture scrotum. The Japanese scientific research team has found the way to transform body cells into embryo stem cells and successfully bred mice. It is just out of ethics, not technical restrictions, and no scientists have used this method to make people.

There are some simple schematic diagrams printed in "The Forming of Life", and there are almost no formulas. Although this does not indicate that it is a common and easy -to -read popular science readings, it can't be talked about how difficult it is to read. And in terms of the cutting -edgeness of the discipline, its language can be considered quite easy. But I have to admit that before I opened it, I was ready to exercise my brain -I did exercise my brain. But I also gained surprise -not a star, but a lot of surprises.

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