Reading | How does the human relationship and relationship operate?

Some people say that human relationships and relationships are blood flowing in traditional Chinese society. This is naturally a bit of reason: human affairs, human affairs, warmth and warmth, humanistic practice, smooth water, and even connecting joints, etiquette ... There is no doubt that China, China It is a country of humanity, and the traditional society of China is a society of relations -human sentiments and relations blend with each other. The concept has multiple and complicated meaning in traditional Chinese society. It can even say that if you don't understand human conditions and relationships, it is difficult to understand the moral standards and ethical specifications of traditional Chinese society. It is difficult to understand the daily life and value of the Chinese people. Of course, it is difficult to understand the essence of traditional Chinese culture. On the other hand, only by understanding human feelings and relationships can we truly understand Chinese society, understand the philosophy and ways of life of Chinese people, and then understand the Chinese. It can be seen that the significance of human sentiments and relationships in Chinese society may wish to say that they are both a window to understand Chinese society and a straightforward way to know the Chinese.

Interpersonal relationships that extend to the center of blood relationships as the center

"The former China" is a masterpiece of Japanese historian Takeuchi Kanghao. This is a popular work that studies ancient Chinese individuals and families, as well as the relationship between individuals and society -individuals and families, constituting people between people and people The basic units of relations; individuals and society expand by individuals and families, forming a basic interpersonal network and world of life. The theme set by Takeuchi Kanghao for this book is "What is the emphasis on the ancient Chinese? What kind of life does it live for this?" He pays attention to the value concept and lifestyle of ancient Chinese. Takeuchi Kanghao discussed around the home and family of ancient Chinese people, thinking that ancient Chinese people used "qi" as the medium, which contributed to their unique outlook on life and physical outlook. Based on this The end rose to the level of the national system.

"The former China"

[Day] Takeuchi Kanghao

Song Gang translated

Star Press Publishing

As Takeno Kanghao pointed out, the interpersonal relationships in ancient China were originally centered on blood, and gradually extended from the inside out. It's like a circle, the center point is a relative relationship with a direct system, and extending to the side is the relationship between relatives, and then pushes the entire society: friends, neighbors, fellow villagers, classmates ... The powerful blood bonds are integrated. Even if there is no blood relationship, people outside the family can still be combined into one -by -one -interest consortium through their own different needs. In the eyes of the Chinese in ancient times, the relationship between blood was supported by "qi". "Qi", integrated with my family and family, contains the meaning of fixation. The "filial piety" is an important moral standard for self -worth running through the heavens, earth, people, and even verifying self -worth. The monarchy leading to the individual, family and society.

It can be seen that "filial piety" and "loyalty" created not only the harmony of humanity, but also created the harmony of society. This social structure reflects a kind of order of respect and humbleness and other order -home is the foundation of family relationships, family is the basis of social relations, society is the foundation of the monarchy, and ultimately forms a large unity of a unity. , Harmonious, orderly, safe and stable world -a variety of living habits, values, and even legal systems in ancient China, in fact, all rely on these "natural laws of the world" as the premise. And Takeuchi Kanghao only provides the story of Chinese history. It tells the general thinking mode and behavior of ancient Chinese people, but it is not easily affirmed or denied the concept in history. Takeuchi Kanghao believes that this is more objective to redefine and discuss the significance of human existence and the ideal state of society.

Human sentiment and relationship are part of the structure and power construction of Chinese special society

It is also studying the interpersonal relationships and human relationships of the Chinese. The book "Gifts, Relationships, and the State" of Chinese American scholar Yang Meihui focuses on the focus of their attention to contemporary Chinese people. To describe the operation of an important characteristic of contemporary Chinese culture, and to observe the ethics and logic systems of relational learning in a wider historical and socio -economic background and connection.

"Gifts, Relations and State"

[Beauty] Yang Meihui

Translated by Zhao Xudong Sun Yan

Jiangsu People's Publishing House published

In the context of Yang Meihui, the meaning of the term "relationship" refers to the "relationship" between objects, power, and individuals. It can not only be used for interpersonal relationships, but also means "social connection". Two -way relationship is based on potential mutual benefit. The term "relationship" involves the exchange of gifts, gifts and banquets, the cultivation of personal relationships and interdependent networks, as well as the generation of obligations and liabilities. The relationship between human relationship and relationship does not appear in contemporary Chinese society out of thin air. As early as two thousand years ago, the Han Dynasty, the "Human sentiment" in the Book of Rites, including the relationship between the relationship between father and son, family members and relatives based on the relationship between father and son, family members and relatives Relations, as well as natural human feelings and emotions above friend relationships, and these feelings and feelings have become the source of "ritual" through people's thinking. Hyundai descending, although the modernized forces introduced from the outside destroyed some aspects of the Chinese culture tradition, it also used and strengthened other aspects to some extent. Have a familiar traditional taste. In contemporary China, human feelings show the other side of relations. First of all, it is part of human nature, and human social relationships and interactions are really stimulated by emotions. On the basis of gratitude. The so -called "owe love", "entrusted human love", and "human love" Yunyun actually originated from Confucian emphasis on "etiquette" or "etiquette". The richness of "etiquette" not only includes social etiquette, but also the meaning of ethics and etiquette, but also expresses the actual needs of interpersonal relationships and social exchange. Contemporary Chinese words are transformed from ancient Chinese love words. Although it retains many principles of traditional ethics, it has shown many new changes, and even penetrates into the level of politics and economy. The complex cultural phenomenon that combines the utilitarian motivation with the ethics of the Confucian tradition.

In short, human sentiments and relationships have a deep cultural foundation in China. It can be said that it is part of the structure and power of China's special social structure -human feelings are a kind of interpersonal communication. Each loss and choice can be through different feelings, obligations, and appropriate appropriateness The social bond is realized; the relationship between relations is based on human feelings, expanding and reconstruction of human words. Therefore, as the two important concepts in traditional Chinese culture, when human conditions and relationships are combined, they add some emotional colors to the original instrumental interpersonal communication.

The interpersonal relationship between the Chinese is the trinity of popularity, human relationship and humanity

If Takeuchi Kanghao and Yang Meihui are viewed from the eyes of outsiders to look at the interpersonal relationships and human relationships of the Chinese, then Professor Zhai Xuewei pays attention to this topic as a local researcher. The book "Regeneration" not only conducted in -depth and unique exploration of how to understand the relationship and power of the Chinese, but also formed a dialogue with some academic issues with the western social sciences.

"Regeneration of Human Love, Face and Power"

Zhai Xuewei

Peking University Press Publishing

Kai Zongyi, Professor Zhai first pointed out that the core concept of Chinese society's operation is "relationship", and the extended human sentiment, face and power operation. "Relations, as a concept, are not only an important tool for studying Chinese society in Chinese society, but also common sense of life that ordinary Chinese can understand; similar A Chinese people know the principle of knowing clearly. "Professor Zhai is also looking for the root cause of the Chinese social society in history, pointing out that the traditional Chinese national form is based on the relationship between blood ancestors, and then built into a principle of patriarchal blood margin. 2. Connect the people of the same surname into a community society that is absolutely affected by the principles of the law. Although the law system has been disintegrated as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, as a way of thinking mode and daily society, it has continued in the practice of Confucianism and discourse, and its political function has gradually transformed into social functions. And experienced a process from sacred to secularization.

The traditional Chinese family form was originally based on the farming society. It is characterized by economic self -sufficiency and backward production tools and land that cannot move. Family form is an important source of the origin of Chinese -style interpersonal relationships. The relationship between the traditional Chinese people is based on the natural blood relationship and geographical relationship, and then extend other relationships. Zhai Xuewei believes that the model of interpersonal relationships in China is a triple -in -one formed by humanity, humanity, and humanity. Among them, human conditions are the core, showing the traditional Chinese psychological and behavioral style of traditional Chinese; Delivery; popularity about this sample -it is them that builds a complete interpersonal network that integrates value, psychology and specifications.

Another important concept of Zhai Xuewei's research is face -although it is very close to the literal meaning of "face", there is still a subtle difference between the two: the relationship between the face and the individual is greater.The image or expression; the relationship between the face is more related to the social interaction, and it reflects the relationship between the interaction between the interaction.The social psychological mechanism of human sentiment and face lies in maintaining a balance model in interpersonal relationships, and its internal tension reflects the huge contrast between Confucian culture and Chinese real culture.The ideal personality, but its actual effect often creates many pseudo -gentlemen -because they are neither the norms of the face nor the concerns of their face, but they are most likely to choose cross -track behavior to obtain face success.

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Author: Huiyuan

Edit: Kim Jiuchao

Editor in charge: Zhu Zilong

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