Jiangnan Wind | Image in Garden (1) Bat

Original Author: Cao Linzheng

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In the garden in China, there is a pattern: the doors and windows of the garden are inlaid with bats, bats on the ground, bats on mountain flowers, bats carved with bats, and bats of ancient porcelain paintings. This image that is regarded by the West as the "vampire incarnation" is loved in ancient China and was deeply engraved in traditional culture. To this day, we have inherited the views of the ancestors and regarded bats as a symbol of happiness, longevity, renide and elegance, and used rich emphasis on imagination and bold deformation to spread them all over the Chinese gardens.

Up: Bat plaque (Summer Palace)

Below: Bat decoration (Kunqu Tang)

In Beijing, there is a huge banner on the Renshou Hall of the Summer Palace. There are more than 200 birthday characters on the Summer Palace. Gongwangfu has a bat hall, which is called the bat hall, and the water repair pool is a bat -shaped bati. In the Lie Mountain in the southwest of the Imperial Garden, there is also a large bat pattern with a terrain of two meters wide and one meter wide. In Suzhou, Dongshanchun is also decorated with copper bats in the lobby hall, which means "blessed land", and the door handle above it is also a bat shape, symbolizing "reaching out and blessing."

Left: Footsteps (spring in the building)

Right: Reaching out with blessing (door ring)

Such a cultural outlook is not uncommon in the history of world civilization. The primitive ancestors in many regions also worship their voice while worshiping animals. They believe that voice has an extraordinary magic, which can make everything, dialogue monsters, and pray for evil. Basic cultural phenomenon.

So in ancient Chinese, the "bat" of bats became a symbol of blessing because of the same sound as "blessing" and formed a variety of combined patterns. The five bats are called "Shou", called "Five Blessing Life". The combination of bats and copper coins is called "Blessing in front of the eyes". The bat is combined with mountain stone waves, named "Fushan Shouhai". The titles of the bat mouth, accompanied by auspicious clouds, symbolize "blessing and long." Bats live in two ancient money, birthday stars, and Shoutao. The homophonic is "Fu Shou Shuangquan". Bat flying to the top of the baby, meaning "Fulong Settle". The bat is accompanied by Shou Tao and Ganoderma lucidum, and the homophonic "blessing to the soul".

Up: Futing in front of him, weighing heart (Yiyuan)

Middle: Fushou Shuangquan (Mansion of the Town)

Below: Wufu Life Shou (Chen Yu Shi Garden)

In addition to being a symbol of blessing, bat images have also extended other auspicious meanings, such as Jin Cui Bao's "Ancient and Modern Note · Fish Worm": "Bat, a fairy rat, a flying rat. Heavy, the set is drooping, so it is called a folding, and the immortal. "Jin Ge Hong's" Pu Puzi ":" Chitose bat, color like white, the set is upside down, and the brain is heavy. The last service is long live. "Long live." The bat is very busy, it is not careful, and it becomes the hope of "longevity".

Happiness High Life (Net Teacher Park)

The mouse is hard to find, and the "bat fan" is easy to get. The bat fan is a folding fan. When the legend was created in the Queen of Japan, she saw that the bat wings started to make a fan. Because it was imitated by bats, it was called "bat fan". The bat fan was introduced to China during the Northern Song Dynasty, and its production became more and more exquisite. The noble family may use ivory as a bone, decorated with gold and silver, and the price is expensive. Only the rich and nobles can afford it. The Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty liked to be comfortable and easy to get up and down, and the folding fan that originated from the bat style was universal.

Folding fan shop (good deeds)

The folding fan is easy to carry, and the sleeves are suitable for each other. Sometimes it is used to use the house. Since then, the folding fan has completely entered the art world and aesthetic perspective of the scholar. Zhi, fan art has become the artistic world of literati. At the same time, the image of the bat fan is also part of the design of garden architecture, including folding fan pavilions, fan surface, noodle windows, folding fan -shaped cave windows, folding fan pavement patterns, folding fan -shaped book stones, fan -shaped furniture, etc.

Happiness is good (Crane Garden)

"Fan Pavilion" (or Folding Fan Pavilion), as a sketch of Chinese garden buildings, is mostly placed in the corner of the gallery or turning of the landscape. The fan pavilion of the Lion Forest of Suzhou is located at the corner of the west and south of the mountain climbing corridor. The cool wind on three sides blocked the warm wind on the south. Because of the corridor and the fence backwind, the wind of the wind of the fan pavilion, the pavilion name and the pavilion scene buckle, if you can ascend the pavilion, the sound of bananas and songs, the world is not on the earth, in fact For a wonderful structure.

Fan Pavilion (Lion Forest)

"Who sit with Xuan Xuan" fan pavilion in the Suzhou Humble Administrative Garden, the pavilion on the hill behind the pavilion is inlaid on the bottom of the fan surface to become a fan handle. They are all fan -shaped, and the whole shape is light and elegant. According to those who are familiar with the inside of the gardener, the owner of the surname of Zhang started to start with a fan noodle and selling folding fan. Therefore, he built a pavilion at the corner of the landscape to show nostalgia in order not to forget the foundation.

Fan Ting (who is sitting with Xuan · Humble Administrator's Garden)

The fan pavilion in the royal garden of Beijing, which advertises the study of ancient Confucian Saint Emperor Shun, fans of the emperor, and be considerate of the people's hearts. The legend of the fan pavilion in Beihai took the legend of "Yu Shun as the five string piano, the song" Nanfeng ", and named the pavilion" Yannan Xun ". The front wall of the pavilion is concave, just like the "wind" of the Chinese character, and the overall viewing is like a folding fan. In front of the pavilion is the bluestone floor, the shape is like a folding fan.

Beihai Fan Pavilion Yannan Yan

In addition, in the small garden in the west garden of the Summer Palace, there is also a fan hall called "Yang Renfeng". "Beside, the building is clever. This quite chic small courtyard means "good broadcasting benevolence and six". Summer Palace Fan Hall "Yang Renfeng"

The image of the bat fan is also materialized into a "noodle window" in Chinese gardens, set up by the Qing Dynasty literati Li Yuchuang. Among them, the most elegant is the "lake -style" noodle window -sitting in it, then the lakes and mountains of the two sides of the strait, temple viewing, cloud smoke bamboo trees, and the traversal and drunk men, even the horses, do everything. In the stool, make my natural picture. And change from time to time, not a certain shape. Within a day, there are tens of millions of good mountains and rivers, and they always receive it with noodles. Not only entertaining, but also entertaining.

Up: Hentang Happiness (West Garden)

Below: Happiness and Wealth (Lion Forest)

Inside and outside, there is a landscape of the surface; the inside is also a fan. Of course, if the viewer is "a real, a pair of wisdom eyes", "then the things of the eyes are all paintings, and the sound of the ear is nothing more than a poetic." Many fan -shaped cave windows and leaks in the garden can be regarded as similar types of noodle windows.

Up: Happiness Ruyi (Yi Yuan)

Below: Happiness Ruyi (Humble Administrator's Garden)

At this point, we suddenly discovered how deeply rooted in our garden culture, which has become a symbol of beautiful meaning such as Fushou, Rende, Feng Ya, and materialized into part of garden life. Until the epidemic, the traditional significance of the bat image in the past has occurred in the contemporary language context, and it has become an association of disease and death.

Fu Zai's eyes (staying in the garden)

The bat is no longer busy, it has become the object of being "eliminated", although it plays a very important role in the ecosystem, such as removing pests, sowing and pollination. For us who love garden culture, what kind of cultural perception will we have when we walk into the garden again and see the bat image?

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