Fujian Yunxiao: The production process of the southern Fujian woodcarving between the heavens and the earth is carved between the square inch

In Yunxiao County, a number of traditional handicrafts have been included in provincial, municipal, and county -level intangible cultural heritage projects. The production process of southern Fujian is one of them. Southern Fujian woodcarving is a folk crafts that prevail in southern Fujian. It is mainly distributed in various counties in Zhangzhou and Xiamen. Its radiation range also includes Chaoshan and Taiwan, China, which is closely related to southern Fujian in the region. The range should be wider. Southern Fujian woodcarving is made with its long history and superb craftsmanship, rich theme content and rich local characteristics.

The long history of history is frustrated. It is difficult to determine when the southern Fujian woodcarving starts. The existing components are mostly in the Ming and Qing dynasties, especially temples, ancestral temples, and homes, such as Yunxiao County in the Ming Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty. Screens, 、, sparrows, bucket arch, eaves, eaves, stigma, beams, lintel, deck fan, screen, door decoration, pane, railings, horizontal carvings, artifacts of sacrifice ancestors and gods, sacrifice ancestors, gods to pay gods, sacrifice gods, and artifacts for sacrifice gods. Such as the shrine, the gods, the sacred sedan, the fragrant pavilion, the confession table, the sacrifice of the table, the god pavilion, the fragrant frame, etc.

During the Republic of China, the war continued, the social turmoil was unbearable, the economy declined, and the people did not talk about life. Many woodcarvan artists of southern Fujian could not make a living and were forced to change. In addition, the construction of temple ancestral halls was greatly reduced. The Qing Dynasty was extensive, and the sculpting skills and artistic levels also had a backward phenomenon.

In the early days of liberation, in order to promote the traditional arts and crafts, local governments have recruited southern Fujian woodcarvan craftsmen for organizational production, which has rejuvenated new vitality and vitality in southern Fujian. However, the good times are not long. Due to the influence of the "left -leaning" trend, especially during the "Cultural Revolution" period, it is destroyed by breaking the "Four Old" everywhere, causing it to be destroyed The ground appeared. Since the reform and opening up, the woodcarving of southern Fujian has ushered in new development opportunities. With the implementation of religious policies, folk beliefs and sacrifice activities have resumed. With the implementation of overseas Chinese policies, many foreign overseas Chinese have recovered their own real estate and donated donations one after another. The ancestral temple of the temple, the southern Fujian woodcarving as a folk craftsmanship has been restored and developed to a certain extent.

The craftsmanship shows Min Yun. Southern Fujian woodcarvings are made of fir, camphor, nanmu, poplar, longan wood, etc., to examine the materials, fine carvings, and create countless woodcarving crafts. Gorgeous, using different carving art forms according to different components and different purposes, which combines the wood carving decoration and the subject of the item. The main themes of woodcarving are: traditional auspicious patterns, flowers, birds, animals, characters, etc. There are many techniques for woodcarving in southern Fujian, including round carvings, hybrids, ground carving, line carving, transparent carving, stickers and so on. The woodcarving process needs to be drawn through sketches, chisel rough, digging fines, repair, polishing and other processes. At this point, a piece of woodcarving works can only be considered.

The exquisite carvings of the southern Fujian woodcarving are not only representative characteristics in the folk craftsmanship of southern Fujian, but more importantly, it contains the social and conceptual components of southern Fujian culture as the carrier of southern Fujian culture, reflecting the regional characteristics of southern Fujian culture. From it, we can both glimpse the meticulous, delicate and exquisite characteristics of the southern Fujian, and we can also appreciate the aesthetic taste and cultural and artistic style of the southern Fujian folk colors. You can even understand the thoughts, behaviors, thinking, lifestyle, and lifestyle, and lifestyle and lifestyle of the southern Fujian people. Values. Therefore, through the southern Fujian woodcarving, the cultural concept and value orientation of southern Fujian and the environmental foundation behind them are for understanding the spiritual temperament and psychological characteristics of southern Fujian people. It has a high academic value for the formation of the people and customs of the southern Fujian people.

The husband and wife are ingenious to cast the soul. Since the 1980s, a group of outstanding Fujian woodcarvings have emerged in Yunxiao County. They have guarded this non -heritage cultural treasure with one knife and one knife, and made an indelible contribution to the inheritance of southern Fujian woodcarving.

The main inheritors of the woodcarving in southern Fujian include the brothers of Fang Jianzhong and Fang Jianwu in Yunxiao County. In the early days of the Republic of China, their ancestors and the famous woodcarvings in the east of Guangdong were successful. The generation of famous craftsmen is the marriage dependent, and the generation of Fang Jianzhong and Fang Jianwu, under the guidance of his father, his grandfather, uncle, and other famous teachers, plus the ears of ears since childhood, the art of woodcarving is high, and the craftsmanship has improved rapidly. They inherited the traditional craftsmanship of the woodcarving in southern Fujian and absorbed the essence of Chaozhou woodcarving. Therefore The well -known woodcarving masters in Yunxiao City and rural areas show their skills in the restoration and reconstruction project of many cultural relics. His younger brother Fang Jianwu was 63 years old. At the age of 8, he took this heavy knife from his father, flying rolling wood chips, and it was more than 50 years. 365 days a year, Fang Jianwu almost all immersed in the studio's conception and carving. His daily carving tools are more than 30 pieces of light, carving knife, sawing, drilling, etc. Except for large -scale hollowing up, all other people insist on hand -carved, and the sculpture of the abandoned shavings can be added to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up to add up. Dozens of tanks.

"The job of woodcarving is to meditate and patience. When a piece of cold wood becomes a flesh and blood figure in my hands, the sense of accomplishment and happiness is really unspeakable. The work is integrated with life, connecting with tradition, and connecting with the times, then it is given vitality and has the value and significance of existence. "Fang Jianwu said emotionally. As the representative inheritor of southern Fujian woodcarving, Fang Jianwu's skills include five types: Shen Evan, relief, round carvings, through carving, and sawing. , Show different forms of beauty. His wife, Lin Yufeng, also learned something under his careful guidance. Lin Yufeng not only masters the basic skills of woodcarving, but also is good at transparent carving, especially in the aspects of living room pendants, settings, ornaments.

Over the years, the two of them have expanded their skills in the restoration and reconstruction project of many cultural relics, and completed the construction of woodcarving and artifact props from the buildings such as the Mitami Zhang Ancestral Hall, Weihui Temple, and Yunshan Academy. He was invited to a large -scale idol of temples such as "Yongfu Temple" in Bangkok, Thailand. Their works have been selected as the "Zhangzhou African Heritage Entering Sanfang Qixiang" exhibition. At the same time, they have been collected by many art museums such as Zhangzhou Art Museum, and have won various awards many times.

In 2012, Fang Jianwu was rated as "Fujian Provincial Technician" by the Provincial Department of Social Security. After that, the couple were successively rated as the 5th and 6th batch of non -heritage representative inheritance in Zhangzhou.

Promoting cultural heritage is fragmented. With the development of the times, the wood carving industry of southern Fujian gradually declined, but Fang Jianwu insisted that there is still room for development in the future. He said: "The power of traditional Chinese culture cannot be underestimated. It is very necessary for the inheritance of the woodcarving. After being rated as the "non -genetic inheritance", I feel that I have an additional responsibility on my shoulders and must make a contribution to the reservation and development of the traditional handicraft of the clouds. "

Fang Jianwu's first instructor was his wife Lin Yufeng. Lin Yufeng was Fang Jianwu's neighbor when he was a child. "When he was a child, he often arrived in his house. When he saw his sister carved woodcarving, it felt very interesting. He also wanted to learn." When he grew up, Lin Yufeng married Fang Jianwu. It took about a year, Lin Yufeng also learned this craft. Now every piece of work made by Fang Jianwu has participated. In 2019, Lin Yufeng was named Zhangzhou -level non -genetic inheritance.

Since 1994, Fang Jianwu and his wife have brought some apprentices together. Some after learning for more than a year, I felt that the woodcarving had less money and worked hard. The famous woodcarving master in Yunxiao County. "In response, the couple of Fang Jianwu were pleased and proud of their hearts.

In 2018, Fang Jianwu and his wife Lin Yufeng were invited to the Yunxiao Lieyu Middle School as a lecturer of non -genetic inheritance activities. From scratch, he taught children to make the production of southern Fujian woodcarving. "We go to Lieyu Middle School to conduct a practical teaching course every week to allow students to operate on the spot." Today, many students have learned basic sculpting skills and can independently complete simple works.

"Protecting traditional skills, which is conducive to inheriting the blood of Chinese culture, enhancing the cohesion of the Chinese nation, and improving the soft power of the national culture. A good innovation model. "Fang Jianwu said," The inheritance of intangible cultural heritage such as woodcarving such as southern Fujian has the special significance to show the world to the world. I never dare to forget my responsibility. Both my wife and I hope to use the woodcarving classroom for the sky for the sky. The inheritance and development of the legacy inject new blood and strength, and also inject new elements and motivation into our cloud culture. "(Xu Ying part of the source: Yunxiao Literature and Art)

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