Dialogue with Hangzhou embroidery inheritor Zhao Yijun: The beauty embroidered by one shot and one line, its surname "Hang"

Hangzhou, known as the Silk Mansion, has exuded unique beauty and tenacity since ancient times. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the official uniforms of official embroidery and various fabrics in the palace were specially available in Hangzhou embroidery in the south of the Yangtze River. In the past thousand years, Hangzhou embroidery has been inherited from generation to generation, but has always inherited the beauty of Hangzhou in Song Yun in the highest level of Jiangnan embroidery.

Recently, Zhao Yijun, the inheritor of Hangxiu, the intangible cultural heritage project of Zhejiang Province, held Hangxiu works exhibition at the Hangzhou Beijing -Hangzhou Grand Canal Museum. Traditional cultural enthusiasts watch. Flowers, birds, figures, Buddha statues ... the works are vividly reflected by warm light. Next to the work, Zhao Yijun sat silently in front of the embroidered table.

About Hangxiu

The ancient book "The Secret of the Clear" records: "The embroidery of the Song people, the needle thread is fine, and the thread is used to stop one or two wires. There are many craftsmen drawn by service, tent curtains, and Buddha statues, and more convenient for male workers to enter and exit the courts than female relatives. They gradually formed the rules that only accept men, women, and daughter -in -law. During the period, it became a major feature of Hangzhou embroidery. Therefore, Hangzhou embroidery was also a male worker embroidery.

Compared to Su Xiu, which is known as soft, Hangzhou embroidery is more distinctive in the embroidery method. "Because the embroidery workers are mostly male workers, this has created the characteristics of Hangzhou embroidery will have the characteristics of softness and rigidity, bringing a sense of rigidity and strength." Zhao Yijun explained.

In the 1920s and 1930s, more than a thousand people engaged in Hangzhou embroidery work in Hangzhou. At the fourth day of the lunar calendar, everyone gathered together to hold celebrations such as graduation and apprentices. But with the development of the times, the characteristic Hangzhou embroidery gradually declined. In 1956, the Hangzhou Municipal Government convened the only seven Hangzhou embroidery veteran artists to establish the Hangzhou Meiyi Fairview Cooperative (the predecessor of the Hangzhou Drama Instant Factory). Essence

At present, as one of Hangzhou's non -heritage representative projects, Hangzhou embroidery is facing a severe situation as many non -heritage projects. "Many non -genetic inheritors have specialized this skill since they were urinated, but they would not say or write, which caused fewer and fewer people knowing, let alone find a successor." Zhao Yijun admitted. Today, the state is vigorously protected and carried forward the intangible cultural heritage, and a group of intangible cultural heritage represented by Hangzhou embroidery is gradually seeing glory and entering the public's vision.

Ingenuity

In 1960, Hangzhou established the Arts and Crafts School. At the time of recruiting the trainees, Zhao Yijun, who was only 14 years old, did not hesitate to report his name, and coincided with the embroidery class and learned the technique of embroidery. "The learning process is very hard, and many students have not persisted." In the process, Zhao Yijun kept tempering his skills and studying hard. In 1985, Zhang Jinfa, the inheritor of Hangxiu, accepted Zhao Yijun as the last disciple. At this time, Hangzhou embroidery is like a deep valley. It is little known. Zhang Jinfa taught all his life to Zhao Yijun. "The reason why I can always persist is a hobby and skill at first, and then it is the sense of responsibility. If I don't insist, this skill will be lost. Since Master taught me, I will make it to do it to do it. In the end, Zhao Yijun lamented.

Zhao Yijun's Hangzhou embroidery road is not smooth. His masterpiece "Guan Jing Tu", the first needle was in 1994. At that time, he was 49 years old and weighed more than 130 kilograms. When the official was mounted in 2010, he had white hair and weighed only more than 70 pounds. In the meantime, due to excessive fatigue and cholecystitis, he was derived as hemorrhagic necrotic severe pancreatitis. At that time, the doctor said that there was only a 5%survival rate, but Zhao Yijun still struggled with the illness stubbornly, and it came over at life and death.

Zhao Yijun, who had taken away from the ghost gate, never put down the embroidered needle in his hand. Although he was tortured, he sat in front of the embroidery for 8 hours every day, sticking to his Hangzhou embroidery. And this habit has been retained until now. After working hard, there will always be returns. The "Viewing Map" completed in 17 years was awarded at the second China Zhejiang Fine Art Expo in the second China Zhejiang Fine Arts Expo.

Over the years, Zhao Yijun's embroidery works have repeatedly won the domestic award, and many people are willing to buy at a high price. "My works are basically not sold. They are all reference materials that are not found in books and cannot be found on the market. I want to save them." Compared with material wealth Wealth makes Zhao Yijun proud.

About inheritance

From the green teenage to the hair, it is more than half a century of embroidery needle. Zhao Yijun, who is 76 years old this year, has been accompanied by Hangzhou Embroidery for more than sixty years since he studied embroidery. "There were 35 students in the embroidery class of the Arts and Crafts School, and the male classmates who were still embroidered were left." In retrospect, Zhao Yijun inevitably was a bit lonely.

If you want to learn Hangxiu, the threshold is high, and the aesthetics must be enough. Zhao Yijun frankly said: "The composition of Hangzhou embroidery is very rigorous and the color is very particular, so there is no ready -made template to set up a work of each embroidery, which must have a strong painting skills. Second The dozens of embroidery produced by intertwined make each Hangzhou embroidery become unique, and complicated techniques must be spent to learn through; more than a few months, as less as a few months, more than a few years, it must be a few years. It must be a few years. You must be able to bear your temperament; the last is to pay for it and be very proportional to the return. Therefore, there are very few people who can learn Hangzhou embroidery full -time. "

Faced with the future of the court Hangzhou embroidery, Zhao Yijun had his own ideas: "First of all, I hope to complete more works and integrate the techniques into each work as much as possible. Secondly, I want to organize my life's experience into text materials and stay as textbooks; the third is to cultivate students who are interested in learning court Hangxiu, and teach what I have learned. " One by one is realized. In the past two years, Zhao Yijun used his many years of rewards, lecture fees, sales fees for small works, and some family deposits. It was collected by Zhejiang Library, Hangzhou Library, Zhejiang Non -Heritage Literature Museum, and major universities libraries.

In addition, Zhao Yijun started courses in universities, community colleges and other places in recent years, attracting a large number of Hangzhou embroidery enthusiasts, and helped a lot of inheritance of Hangzhou embroidery.

The reason why Hangxiu can inherit for so long is precisely because it is unable to copy. In addition to inheritance, let more people know and fall in love with Hangxiu is what Zhao Yijun is very willing to do at the moment: "I hope that more people can understand that there is such a traditional cultural treasure in Hangzhou, and Qianqian Qianqian, and thousands of thousands For a century, it has always surnamed 'Hang "."

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