Cultural Bay Area | Swordsman of Xiao Ao Jianghu -Jin Yong's chivalrous feelings and life

Jin Yong can become the big man of the chivalry, but it is not "martial arts", but a heroic intestine, a moral heart. The benevolent is invincible. The scholar of the Yiyi Yixia gave the sympathy to the weak, and put Jing Yang's gaze into the hero hero who was righteous, and eventually achieved his martial arts life and became a generation of masters of Xiao Ao Jianghu.

■ Cai Yihuai

"Jin Yong's novels are not well written. However, he always feels that he should not oppress the weakness, so that people have no resistance and endure great pain, so he wrote martial arts novels. When he was writing, he re -read his work in the future. At the time, we often cry for the unfortunateness of the characters in the book. "

The self -confidence of a wise man does not have to take it seriously, but his true confession must not be paid attention to. Jin Yong's words in the autobiographical article "Moon Cloud" seem to be expressed in lightly, in fact, it is a self -assessment of his literary skills. He said that when Yang Guo couldn't wait to wait for the little dragon girl, he cried, crying when Zhang Wuji and Xiao Zhao were forced to break up. Writing tears is exactly the secret of its lonely martial arts.

The big man is the country and the people

Eternal literati dream. Ancient scholars, who have the ideal spirit, are people who dream of dreams. Jing Yan has a dream and is singing high. Tai Shigong has a dream and spreads for the ranger. Tao Qian has a dream and has a peach blossom source. Worrying about the country and the people, it has always been the spiritual characteristics of the doctors of traditional literati. With the world, there is a bone of bones, or a little blood in the bones. "Confucianism is chaotic, and the heroes are banned by martial arts." Han Feizi's famous saying is a stabbing of the scholars and the heroes, but it tells the mission and spirit of Confucianism and knights.

Jin Yong, such a scholar, looks elegant and gentle, but has a "Qitian Great Saint", with a "monkey" gene. He was born in Haining, Zhejiang, and he was originally known as Cha Liangzhang. He was naughty when he was young. When he was studying in the town in the town, he was a "dictator". ; Transfer to Luzhou, published an article in the Southeast Daily, "Can Being a Young", which is a active element at the time of studying and was listed. Because of the "insulting principal", he compared Chiang Kai -shek to Hitler and was fired. After that, he studied law at Soochow University in Shanghai for a while, but after all, he failed to systematically complete university education. Defects sometimes form a knot and become obsession. In his later years, he completed a master's degree in philosophy at the University of Cambridge in the UK and studied for a PhD. How much desire for studying was for compensation? After entering the society, he entered the newspaper community. He first served as a reporter in Hangzhou's "Southeast Daily", then was admitted to Shanghai's "Grand Press", and was sent to Hong Kong in 1948 to do translation and editing work. He wanted to report to the country with a diplomatic of the country, and once went north to job hunting, but after eating closed doors, he had to return to Hong Kong to seek development.

It can be seen from this resume that Mr. Zha was not as "peace" as others when he was young. If the personality determines the destiny, then it is probably this "juvenile madness", a "persistence" of an idealism, which determines his life. With a Confucian "chivalry" (also stupid), he broke out of the world and achieved the identity of the reporters, writers, and historians.

In the early 1950s, Mr. Zha served as "New Evening News". He also wrote a screenwriter and director, wrote a film review to translate, and had a few positions. In 1954, an accident occurred in Hong Kong and Macao, and it also rewritten Mr. Zha's life. It is said that the heads of the two major kung fu martial arts in Hong Kong, Chen Kefu of the Baihepai ​​faction and Wu Gong of the Tai Chi faction decided to set a high stage on Macau, causing a social upsurge and a "new martial arts novel". Liang Yusheng's "Dragon Tiger Doujing" serialized in "New Evening News", which is very popular and has become the opening of the new martial arts. The following year, Mr. Zha's "Book of Swords and Enemies" was also born. "Jin Yong", who was split from the left and right words "右", became famous in one fell swoop and began his martial arts life.

"Book Sword Enemies" began serializing in the New Evening News on February 8, 1955 (photocopied)

Martial arts culture has a set of "game" rules of its own system. Its core values ​​are on the word "Xia", that is, the concept of loyalty. To decide. In the early martial arts novels, most of them looked at the world with simple dual -point methods. The "rivers and lakes" in Jin Yong also have a clear barriers, positive and evil confrontation, and the principles of black and white. However, his work has surpassed the consciousness of the old -fashioned novels, in addition to the storm, and loyalty to the country, and infiltrate the spirit of traditional scholars. The popularity of "Heroes of the Condor Heroes" also affects huge masterpieces, which focuses on Jin Yong's chivalry view.

Minghe version of "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" illustration (Author: Jiang Yunxing)

"Huashan on the sword", Guo Jingyi has become the best, becoming the Supreme of Wulin, and is better than the extraordinary realm: "The big of the chivalry is the country and the people." Look at a conversation with Genghis Khan:

Genghis Khan La Ma went four times, and suddenly said: "Jinger, I have built a big country, and it is comparable to the past. Since the land center reaches the polar side, there is a one -year itinerary in the southeast and northwest. Can you? "Guo Jing groaned for a moment and said," The prosperity of sweat and martial arts, no one can reach in ancient times. Just sweating is prestigious, but the world does not know how much white bones, how many orphans and widows have tears. "... Guo Jing also said: "The heroes of the self -dedication and admiration for future generations must be a blessing for the people and love to protect the people. In my opinion, a lot of people may not be regarded as a hero." Haven't done anything good? "Guo Jingdao:" Good things are naturally there, and it is also very large, but you are in the south of the south, and the corpses are like mountains.

"Blessing for the people" reflects the traditional Confucian cultural consciousness. In the case of the "Jiuyin Zhenjing" of the Kim's martial arts, the core is the traditional wisdom of Chinese culture: "The way of heaven is harmful and insufficient, so it is the virtual victory, which is not better than that"; Strong, soft victory, the world does not know, there is no way to do it ";

"The Biography of the Condor Heroes" was serialized in the "Hong Kong Business Daily" on January 1, 1957 (photocopied)

The "rivers and lakes" written by Jin Yong are the mirror of the real world. In other words, he is in the form of martial arts novels, insight into the world, interpret social and historical phenomena, and commented on the right and wrong. With the virtual space -time field of "rivers and lakes", he interprets the world, and uses the heroic and deeds of the heroes to express chivalry. In "Yi Tian Tu Long Ji", Zhang Sanfeng said: "The word of the evil and evil is originally difficult to divide. If the disciples are wrong, they are evil people. In the ", Linghu Chong asked Fei Bin of Songshan School:" We are self -righteous and vowed to the word "chivalrous" the word "chivalrous". What does it mean? In the innocent young girl, is it a chivalry? If these things can be done, what is the difference between the exterior? "In" Tianlong Babu ", Xiao Feng (Qiao Feng) faced the siege of the martial arts and begging Master Xuanci. Pointing to get lost, Xuanci said: "The people who learn martial arts often have less sin in their hearts, which is merit."

This is Jin Yong's chivalrous thought, and he walks "rivers and lakes" with such feelings.

"Ming Pao" issuance number (photocopied)

"Heroes" is only one of his identities. In fact, his lifelong career is a reporter. In his world of words, there are still a large category: social reviews, political theory, and history theory.

Jin Yong is always a person who is doing and unrestrained. In 1959, the literati reported to the country, looking for the path to do great things, founded the Ming Pao. He pursues the spirit of "literati handling", and creates his own newspaper kingdom with "to be capable of being big, no desire is just". In the journalism, he admired two people very much. One was Zhang Jixuan, the founder of the Grand Press, and the other was the well -known British newspaper and the main writer of the Guardian (C.P. Scott), and his famous saying was Feng Wei: "No party, selling, not private, not blind", "the fact is sacred, the opinions are free."

He practiced the ideal of the news and established the editing policy. He is also the president, editor -in -chief, and the main pen, a handwritten novel, a handwritten social comment, and the time theory. In the virtual martial arts space, he reflects the reality with a fantasy pen; in the field of objective news, he uses the time disadvantages of rational strokes and elaborate. Hong Kong's special time and space environment gave him a favorable condition for fisting, and also made him his voice. In the column articles "The Ming Office is Non and Neutral", he explicitly states and attitude, "Everyone who is conducive to the country and the people, we praise it; At the time of contradictory, we focus on the people. "He based on the interests of the people, standing on the side of the weak, and the chivalrous feelings of" for the country and the people ".

Jin Yong's other scholarship is history. When he was in Shanghai that year, he first read the "Historical Research" of British historian Arnold Joseph Toynbee, as if he had entered a magnificent world that he had never heard and saw. See a copy of the book. He is convinced by the historical view of this 20th century historian- "The various civilizations in the world can exist and prosper and develop, and they can successfully cope with the development of major challenges." The general law. His historical kung fu can be peeped from "Yuan Chonghuan Comment", "Genghis Khan Family", "About" Quan True Education ", etc., and can also be confirmed in his novels and social reviews. From Yuan Chonghuan's play, verses, and related historical materials, he saw the arms of the famous anti -Qing general at the end of the Ming Dynasty, comparing it with the tragedy heroes of ancient Greek drama writers Olinus and Sorfuklerus. Loading for it, "When it is really a hero lonely, the mounted songs of the strong man", when the general's death, it was even "tears."

This is Jin Xia, a scholar with chivalrous feelings, social ideals, and extraordinary history. The spirit of scholars who have the "good world", have the great realm of the ultimate care, and the mystery is here.

From Xia to the way of transforming the heart

"I have practiced martial arts throughout my life, what's going on now?" "I live in the world, what is the purpose of the world" "Seven teachers and Hong En masters of Jiangnan were chivalrous people, and no one could get good results. Ouyang Feng With Qiu Qianzhang's unjust, but at ease, is there any heavenly reason in the world? "This is the confusion of hero Guo Jing, and it is also Jin Yong's own life problem.

Since ancient times, sages have been worried, and people with great realms will suffer great distress. Jin Yong is no exception. In the contradiction between ideals and reality, birth and entering the WTO, he is entangled in retreating, success or failure. As the philosopher Plato described, the human carriage was controlled by two horses, a tame and a wild. Jin Yong's inner world is often in the state of fighting heaven and people. He has the romance of a celebrity, as well as the tacky old man; there is a magnificent pattern and a small belly. If you want to find his incarnation in his pen, it can be said that Guo Jing, who is straight, is him, Chen Jialuo, who is not good at his talents, affectionate Yang Guo, full of sinister loneliness, and even the "world" Wei Xiaobao in the game world. With him. He is a mixture of contradictory personality. He is destined to be bound by fame and fortune, resentment and hatred, and disturbing the conflict of spiritual flesh. All these tangles and contradictions can be roughly traced back from the dimension of hate and children's feelings.

Jin Yong's family feelings and sorrows are closely related to the environment and experience of growing up. Zhejiang Haining is the birthplace of Liangzhu Culture. People are outstanding. In modern times, Wang Guowei, Jiang Baili, Xu Zhimo and other celebrities have been produced. Jin Yong once described that they have some melancholy tones and tragedies in their character. The Cha family is the local Wang family, the scholarly family, and the ancestor had a big poet Cha Shenxing. Jin Yong's grandfather Cha Wenqing was aware of the county and handled the people's burning church incident. The old man who lost his official planted two seeds in his grandson's atrium. One was the consciousness of bullying the Chinese foreigner, and the other was the concept of reading more. Jin Yong's father, Cha Shuqing, is a pure and pure squire, who has received Western education. The gift he gave to his son on Christmas was Dickens' "Christmas Song". This famous Western masterpiece, which shows mutual assistance and love, has deeply infected Jin Yong, and has become a book to accompany his life. He once said, "I can understand more year than a year, this is a great book written by a great and warm mind." Jin Yong's mother died early in the war, and the preaching of the preaching during his lifetime also left him a generous impact. My brother was studying in Shanghai and brought him a new literary work of May 4th. After reading Ba Jin's "Home", Jin Yong knew "to wait for others to be equal, and to be gentle and kind to others." He treats Feng Ming like Feng Ming, and treats the girl in the house "Yueyun". Although she thinks she is ugly and has no love, she does not hit her and scold her, and sometimes tells stories to her. This is Jin Yong of his youth. The fumigation of the tutoring family style has formed the ideological background of his life. The rise and fall of the family country and the changes of the world have given him a different kind of life education, creating his chivalry.

During the changing social and historical period, like a lot of people, he was unfortunately chaotic in his family, ruthlessness to violence, unexpected blessing, and deep understanding and sense of ordinary people. The smoke and dust of the Great Era down to the head of individual life can become a disaster for extinguishing. His father's doom left a deep scar in his heart. He "cried for three days and three nights, and was sad for more than half a year." Later, when he wrote "Yuan Chonghuan's Review", Yuan's situation thought of his father's death, and "the sadness was broken." The widowed father became a hidden pain in Jin Yong's life, and it also became an affection for his creation. As a result, it is not difficult to understand a phenomenon in Jin Yong's novels. Most of the protagonists have lost their father since they were young, and they regarded their father as the heroes in their minds.

He found the exit of the release of the heart in the novel creation, and these works have become a weapon for their lives and observing society. His complicated spiritual world, unable to reconcile ideas, his persistence, his injuries, and his pain can find clues in his works. The evolutionary trajectory of the heroes from "standing" to "anti -" also confirms the journey of his self -transformation.

The plot of his story is changing. It seems to be a fabrication of the world. In fact, many works have the original works, and there are many portraits of the family. Readers who are familiar with Jin Yong's martial arts works, from Chen Jialuo in "Book Sword and Enemies", can see the image and demeanor of the scholar Xu Zhimo, the brother of Jin Yong. From "The Condor Heroes", we can see the love story of Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin. Some hidden people have proved that this work is the biography of this talent for the Republic of China. In the story of a text and prison in "Lu Ding Ji", "Victoria's Top" was interpreted as "Yongzheng's headless" by the outline. Moving, grafting, virtuality and truth, and using ancient metaphors to the present, is a great skill created by Jin's novels. He has turned a lot of characters in modern Chinese history into "people in the rivers and lakes" in a film. Many "martial arts masters" in Aojiang Lake, letting our travels, undefeated East, Yue Bun, Lin Pingzhi, Zuo Leng Chan can find the prototype in reality. The work is based on the grievances of the rivers and lakes, reflecting the political reality of competing for power. "Through some characters in the book, a few universal phenomena in political life have been described in the past three thousand years," is his original intention.

There is an irreplaceable feeling, and it is unusual.

Jin Yong took a group photo with some actors of the TV series "The Condor Heroes".

Jin Yong's novels are always poured their own blocks in the wine glass of heroes, expressing their depression and faintness in their hearts. Guo Jing loved Huang Rong, but because of her marriage contract with Princess Mongolia, she fell into the predicament of love and righteousness. He was just right, but he realized that it was difficult to live. In the Valley of Love, Ci En wants to kill Huang Rong to revenge for his brother. "". In "The Condor Heroes" sighing "What is love" and sighing, it also played the sound of love -Yang Guo whispered: "In the world, what is love?" : "Not long before, the Wu brothers were going to die for Girl Guo, but in a blink of an eye, the two of them were not interested in. Some people loved one person in their lives, but they were like Gongsun Zhi and Qiu Qianwei. It's hard to say. Alas, what is love during the world? This sentence really should be asked. "The dragon girl bowed her head and thought silently.

Resentment, life and death, and desire for life and death are the main tone of the hearts of the novels.

Over time, Jin Yong's historical perspective and ideological consciousness are also deepening, and the outlook on life and values ​​tend to mature. A major manifestation is to liberate from the rigid concept of dual opposition, get rid of the imbalanced personality, and eliminate the narrow consciousness of righteousness and evil. Aware of the multi -faceted and complexity of human nature, the character image in the pen also changes accordingly, becoming more round and three -dimensional. Yue Buqui's martial arts is high and strong, with a gentle and elegant appearance and humility. It seems to be a gentleman. It is precisely a hypocritical gentleman. What this person said is not different from Guo Jing. The two are twin, but the image is clear. Jin Yong's truth to restore life also seems to show that the whole person who is fully the people is not available, but the hypocritical villain who is "calm and collects the giant" can be seen everywhere.

When people reach middle age, Kim Horizon has reconciled with himself. His personal thoughts have entered a state of cheerfulness, so he has the image of Linghu Chong. This person with the spirit of Confucianism and Taoism is unrestrained and free, free, and free in the fame and fortune. Jin Yong himself also said, "Linghu Chong is not a hero, but a hermit who pursues freedom and personality as Tao Qian." In the "Lu Ding Ji" of the crushing work, he said in a drama and the social history and life, which completely eliminated the boundaries of righteousness and evil, good and evil, and entered nothing more than nothing. It is a well. He retrieved himself on this character, completely put down all the knots, removed the mask, showed people with true face, and smiled.

This is Jin Yong's martial arts world and martial arts life. Having said that, he is always a scholar, and the difference is that there is a dream in his heart. His dream may be absurd, but his emotions are real. The scholar -style Confucian man also actually has the style of medieval knights, like a Don Quixote, who is holding a spear with a sparse horse and a windmill. His novels are "good" and "bad", which is not a problem at all, and it is valuable in the naivety of a literati.

Minghe version of "The Legend of the Condor Heroes" illustration (Author: Jiang Yunxing)

Minghe version of "The Condor Heroes" illustration (Author: Jiang Yunxing)

Minghe version of "The Condor Heroes" illustration (Author: Jiang Yunxing)

■ Introduction to the author

Cai Yihuai

Doctor of Literature, Hong Kong writer, literary and cultural critics, taught in many colleges and universities in Hong Kong, and taught creative writing and other courses. The works include the collection of novels "Qianchen Wind Moon", "East Tram", prose collection "Inn reflection", literary collection "Hong Kong people narrative", "seeing the city", "reading of our city", "novels, door", "creation", "creation", "creation" You can also "and so on. The novel "The Last Night of Hong Kong" won the 16th Hong Kong Youth Literature Award, the prose "Teacher Road" won the "First Global Fengzi Kai Prose Award". )Wait.

Source ｜ Jingbao APP

Edit: Chen Jianguo

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