[Party History Tiantian Xue] Ren Bishi and China Communist Youth League

In the autumn of 1924, Ren Bishi returned to China.

In the history of the Chinese Communist Youth League, Ren Bishi is the only leader who has served as the honorary chairman of the Central Committee. This is because in his 30 years of revolutionary career, he has an inextricable bond with the Chinese Youth Movement and the Chinese Communist Youth League organization. The starting point of his revolutionary road was to join the Youth League in Shanghai in 1920. The last article before his death was a memorial manuscript written for the 27th anniversary of the publishing of the youth group "China Youth". His life practice shows that he is an outstanding leader of the Chinese Youth Movement and the Chinese Communist Youth League organization. He has made outstanding contributions to the construction and development of the Chinese Youth Movement and the construction of the Communist Youth League organization of China.

Ren Bishi was born in the early 20th century. When he was born, he was just a shame of the huge ethnic groups that the Eight -Power Allied Forces had occupied the capital Beijing. His childhood and teenagers were the most chaotic, poor, most painful, and darkest era in modern China. At this time, although there was a dawn of the 1911 Revolution, it was annihilated by the dark rule of the Beiyang warlord, and China had completely fallen into the abyss of the semi -colonial land. At the age of 11, Ren Bishi was admitted to Changsha First Normal University to study. In addition to studying the school, Ren Bishi, who came to the provincial capital, also often read newspapers and biography of Chinese and foreign celebrities. Pay attention to current affairs, involves history and geographical knowledge, and seek the path of his own life and the way to save the country. During this time, the rise of Yuan Shikai's restoration of the emperor's system and the war of protecting the country and the New Cultural Movement in China had a profound ideological impact on Ren Bishi. He personally went to the feudal warlord to bring the people's material and spiritual pain to the people. This is recorded in his composition entitled "Summer Chronicle": "From the morning of the morning, the sound of the family did not think of it. The village of the temples of the countryside also. After breakfast, I first knew that due to the escape of General Tang, the northern soldiers broke up, and the new government started troops to attack. One day, my family also passed the Bei Bing before. However, the clothes and appliances in the house have been robbed. Woohhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh Essence Such experiences have an important role in Ren Bishi's deep understanding and understanding of the national conditions in the future, understanding the disaster of the Chinese nation, and then determining to change the society. In the summer of 1918, although Ren Bishi was only 14 years old, he was only a high school graduate, but his ambition was "Zhi Xi Industry, in order to improve the industry's revitalization and improve manufacturing" to save the motherland in the "critical time".

After graduating from Ren Bishi, he entered the Mingde Middle School and Changjun Middle School to study. With the growth of age and knowledge, his patriotic ideas became more and more intense, and thus triggered thinking about social disadvantages. In October 1918, Ren Bishi faced the ruler who attacked "the selfish views of one or two people with one or two people", "destroying the peace of the country, and the call of the people" in the article " Sighing in crisis. In the chronological event after attending a memorial service for a social survey, he believed that the alumni "died of the hand of thieves" was "the misfortune of our country". At the end of the First World War and the victory of the country celebrating the country, he "retreated, and the celebration of our country, stopped the name of the contract, but there was no cooperation. Zi Zhen brushed! "It is based on the sincerity of this young student and the fate of the motherland. After the May 4th Movement broke out, he devoted himself to the struggle of" foreign power and punishment of the country ", and thus embarked on a new The journey of democratic revolution.

In the summer of 1920, Ren Bishi, who experienced the baptism of the May 4th Movement, has become his ideals and ambitions for his motherland and reform. At the beginning of the 20th century, the dawn of the Russian revolution made some Chinese see the hope of success on the road of saving the country and the people, and Ren Bishi also had a longing for the Soviet Union and Russia. When he was confused about it, he learned that the Changsteen Russia Research Society established the Russian work -study group and organized youth to register for Russia, which made him ecstatic. Just then, his distant brother Ren Xindian came from Shanghai to say that Shanghai Foreign Languages ​​Society is recruiting students. After learning Russian, he can introduce to studying in Soviet Union. Ren Bishi immediately told the same classmate Xiao Jinguang. The two joined the Russian Research Association through the relationship between He Mingfan, the principal of the Pianshan Middle School. Soon, Ren Bishi, Xiao Jinguang and others were the first batch of reserve students who were in Russia to prepare for the selection of Changsha's Russian Divine Works and Study Team to rush to Shanghai. In October 1920, when they had arrived in Shanghai and started a new study life, Changsha Changjun Middle School posted a notice that named Ren Bishi and Xiao Jinguang. In this way, Ren Bishi at the cost of giving up the diploma that people valueed very much at that time, and walked through the important turning point of life road, and started a new life history.

After Ren Bishi entered the Shanghai Foreign Languages ​​Society, after more than half a year of study, through the "New Youth" and the "Communist Manifesto", from the exploration and comparison, he found the theory and direction of transforming the society, and quickly joined Shanghai Socialism. Youth group. At this time, the patriotic feelings in his thoughts were sublimated through the combination of Marxism -Leninism, which enabled him to closely combine his personal ideals and ambitions with the greatest cause of human beings, and from this life to prepare for all difficulties and hardships Courage and confidence. In April 1921, after the contact and arrangement of the early organization of the Communist Party of China with the Soviet Union, the students of foreign language society were decided to study in batches to study in Moscow. Ren Bishi was named. After his father learned the news, he wrote to Ren Bishi on May 4th and persuaded him to "seek Shanghai" and discussed it from a long time. After receiving a letter from his father, Ren Bishi, who was only 17 years old, "after reading, tears followed", he was "uneasy" for a few days, but in the end, he wrote a family book with affection. Essence In this family book, he wrote: "... the adults run for a lifetime, and they have not been free to recuperate, and the family situation is becoming increasingly embarrassed, and the burden is increasing. Since then, when I work hard, I will make my parents a little casual, and Fang Zi Sui I wish my life ... ... I only used my life to seek happiness and adventure to the men's affairs. Senior youth. In the future, the world of Dafu family will be happy. This is also the hope and responsibility of our young people.

In this letter, Ren Bishi, who has not been weak, not only expressed his affection to his father and gratitude to his father, but also stated his own life concept, determination to report to the country, and transforming the ambitions of Chinese society. Among them, the "big blessing family world" that caused "the same day" should be derived from the concept of the Communist Manifesto, and "the life and death of society also depends on the youth of our generation" from the patriotism and social responsibility. It is precisely because Ren Bishi has this great ideal and strong sense of social responsibility that he has prompted him to turn his own mind to the misery and save the country with his own mind. Ren Bishi is clear about the difficult journey of the Soviet Union and Russia. Because he is the third batch of trainees to Russia, he already knows that the first student was arrested by the warlord government. But the acceptance and faith drove him not to be afraid of danger.

In mid -May 1921, Ren Bishi, who was only 17 years old, boarded the cruise ship from Shanghai to Vladivostok, and began a journey to find the truth of saving the country in the Soviet Union. The journey lasted for two months, and the trip was more than 7,000. It was not until July 9, 1921 to reach the destination. The journey was full of hardships and dangers. Ren Bishi was detained by the Japanese because of a cold, and was disappeared with other Russian Russia. However, he was not in danger, and he was witty and brave. He not only cleverly got rid of the Japanese inspection station's inspection, but also decisively took proper measures to safely arrive in Bili and would be together with other members of the Soviet Union in Russia.

On August 3, 1921, Ren Bishi and others entered the Oriental University of Moscow and began a new study life. Due to his hard work and diligence, Russian levels improved rapidly. One year later, when Qu Qiubai, who was translated by the Western Revolutionary History Class, returned to China, 18 -year -old Ren Bishi replaced him as a classroom translation. The breakthrough of the language made Ren Bishi like a fish. He reads the works of Marxism more systematically, improving his ideological and theoretical level; he is widely involved in various information and expanded his political perspective. In this way, he can connect the Chinese revolution and the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese revolution and the Far East and even the world, and connect the liberation campaign of the colonial semi -colonial people with the international workers' movement, observe and think, and speed up the maturity of politics in politics pace of. In the winter of 1922, Ren Bishi turned to the official party member of the Communist Party of China and joined the glorious sequence of the Chinese proletarian pioneer team.

Ren Bishi when studying in the Soviet Union

In late July 1924, after Ren Bishi ended the study of Moscow's Oriental University, he set off back to China. After arriving in Shanghai, he immediately joined the Chinese Youth League. First, he was appointed by the Central Bureau of the Youth League as a member of the Jiangsu, Zhejiang -Anhui District Party Committee, and then served as the editor of the central government's publication "Chinese Youth", and contributed to the "League" and "Friends of Civilians". In October of the same year, the Central Bureau of the Youth League decided Ren Bishi to serve as the Central Russian translation. Since then, he has participated in the work of the Central Bureau of the Youth League and participated in the preparations of the three major youth regiments. After the closing of the three major groups in January 1925, Ren Bishi entered the Central Bureau of the Youth League, responsible for the executive work and served as the director of the Organization Department. In July 1925, he served as the General Secretary of the Central Bureau of the League. In May 1927, the four major closures of the Youth League continued to serve as the General Secretary of the League Central Committee, and until March 1928, he was transferred to the Party Central Committee to work. The work of the Communist Youth League during the great revolutionary period was basically carried out under Ren Bishi leadership. During this period, Ren Bishi made full use of the Marx Leninism theory learned in the Soviet Union and Russia to guide the practice of work. Pay attention to combining theory with the practice of the Chinese Youth Movement and Youth League. The work proposal has made a pioneering exploration for the further development of the Youth League.

When Ren Bishi participated in the work of the Central Committee of the League, the Chinese Youth League organization had just been formally established for more than two years. The problems and challenges can win the recognition of youth, strengthen the organization, and give full play to the role of the youth group. On October 18, 1924, Ren Bishi published the "Socialist Youth League" in the 49th issue of "China Youth"? "

At the age of 20, Ren Bishi faced a severe test when he was working on the youth group. At that time, the Kuomintang had been held for ten months, but there were still a group of Kuomintang rightists who tried to destroy the KMT and the Communist Party. They opposed the joining the Kuomintang and proposed to cancel the Chinese Socialist Youth League and merge it to the Kuomintang. At the same time, the Fourth Congress of the Youth Communist International proposed that the establishment of a national revolutionary unified youth group was established in the Eastern countries. In response to this situation, Ren Bishi wrote the "Socialist Youth League"? "The Discussion of the Soviet -Russian and Youth", "Is the Discussion on the Unified Youth League of the National Revolution in China" and other articles, pointing out that the youth group is a youth organization under the command of the Communist Party to the political struggle. "Never compromise with a group of imperialism and warlords", and the Kuomintang rightists even "spent a lot of time and funds printed many prints to attack them. This is really a regret for the Kuomintang." It also introduced the objective facts of the Communist Party (cloth) and the Soviet government's care for young people and the growth of teenagers in the Soviet Revolution and construction, and pointed out that the cultivation of the Soviet Russian government for the majority of young people will become the "" New foundation. At the same time, it is clearly stated that under the situation of the Youth League leadership of the Communist Party, they have not agreed to establish a youth organization that is coexisting with the Communist Party and with political parties in China. "". Under the conditions of the Chinese Socialist Youth League and organized all over 17 provinces and cities, the central issue is how to develop members in the middle of workers and farmers, expand the organization, and launch young people to participate in the National Revolution and become the youth battle team of the proletariat. Instead of building another ethnic revolutionary youth group with the party. At the same time, the establishment of such a youth group in China will cause great contradictions and dangers. The result of its development must be complicated and different politics. In addition, he repeatedly emphasized the essential characteristics of the Chinese Socialist Youth League in various cases, adhered to the nature of the youth group determined by the Communist Party of China, and maintained the correct direction of the Chinese youth movement.

Ren Bishi issued a notice No. 62 issued in the name of the General Academic Affairs and Organization Department (Code of the Central Committee)

From January 11th to 22nd, 1925, the CPC National Congress was held in Shanghai. Regarding the work of the Youth League, the conference adopted the claim that Ren Bishi should not establish the "new and independent mass national revolutionary unified youth group", which required the youth group to expand the impact in the general compressed young people, especially the youth workers' movement, especially the youth worker movement. And lead the young people to follow and assist the party to develop the general ethnic movement and employee movement. The meeting also further clarified that the Youth Movement is part of the important task in the Communist Movement. The Youth League "is politically under the guidance of the party, and the possibility of free activities within the scope of youth work." The central work of the Youth League is to expand the organization through the youth workers, youth farmers and student movements. In accordance with the principles of Bolshevik, the construction of political and organization is strengthened to make the delegation's work and the masses. From the 26th to 30th of the same month, the three major youth regiments were held in Shanghai. Based on the relevant resolutions of the CPC's four major resolutions, the meeting determined the task of the regiment and proposed "learning Leninism", "strictly observing group discipline", "participating in actual work", "obtained" "Young people" and other slogans. The meeting also decided to change the name of the Chinese Socialist Youth League to the Chinese Communist Youth League.

"Resolution and Declaration of the Third Conference of the Chinese Communist Youth League"

After the closing of the three major regiments, Ren Bishi published the article "How to Bolsheviqi" in the journal of the regiment to systematically explain the organization's organizational route, ideological route and struggle strategy. Since then, in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the Four of the Communist Party of China, the "Differential Division of the Party and Mission" has been carried out to the party in accordance with the relevant resolutions of the Communist Party of China, and to send a large number of relatively older members to the party. In response to the thoughts of some group cadres who were worried about weakening the power of the group, he clearly pointed out: "We must know that if the party's organization cannot expand, the political work and workers and farmers' movements cannot develop in full. Opportunities. On the contrary, if the party's organization expands and the development of work in all aspects, we hold a better opportunity to penetrate the young people. Therefore, we should not hesitate to implement it. " While Ren Bishi conscientiously implemented the division of party groups, he also proposed the work of the group in response to the actual problems of the work of the group at that time. He clearly pointed out: "The so -called Bolsheviku does not make the members of the group know the new terms of a few communism, or the empty principle of the hollow on the fur, and it is not necessary to imitate the experience of the Russian party regardless of the actual situation. If only Taking this as a condition for Bolshevik, it is easy to turn our group into college -like organizations, or groups that break away from the masses without reality. In order to implement this work, in order to implement this work, he hosted the meeting of the Central Plenary Meeting of the Central Committee twice in October 1925 and July 1926, and proposed that the whole group must "expand and pay more attention to Leninism. "Education work"; the task of the league organization is to penetrate the masses and care about the vital interests of the masses, and become an organization that truly "can command and guide the majority of young workers and peasants and students." Struggle for your own interests. Through these two meetings, he warned the whole regiment: "The regiment is a young people under the Communist Party and the school of Leninism. The significance of the young people organization is that the organization of the group is the organization of the masses. The impact among the masses. Therefore, the current main task of this regiment is how to obtain young workers and peasants and all oppressed young people who have been oppressed, and lead them from the struggle of their own interests to participate in the party leadership. All political movements. "In addition, the meeting also made five points of instructions on how to start with this job: 1. Further expand the size of the regiment and strengthen the education and training of members. 2. Maintain the interests of youth workers in the economic struggle and initiate the "protection of child labor movements". 3. Strengthen the work of rural youth. 4. In the student movement, pay attention to the "class differentiation" problem, and be guided by the party and the regiment. 5. Develop children's movement. By carrying out the youthfulness and mass of the group, in the late period of the Grand Revolution, the number and composition of the members have changed significantly. The number of members during the four major members of the regiment in 1927 developed from more than 24,000 in early 1925 to 37,638 people, with 150,000 buds group members; by 1928, the proportion of young people and farmers of the group members increased from 59%to 75%. Cadres and workers and peasants accounted for 75%.

During the development of the work of promoting the delegation and the mass, Ren Bishi also led the central government to strengthen organizational construction and organizational management. At that time, the Youth League had just been established. There was no ready -made model in organizational construction and organizational management. In order to adapt to the situation of the rapid development of the Great Revolution, Ren Bishi found a large number of investigations and research work, and found the problems of organizational construction and management, and targetedly targetedly Put forward measures and methods to solve problems. One is to carry out ideological education and organizational concept education for members. He proposed that "for young people who are developing, especially in proletarians, they must strengthen special social education -communist education -to make them the real builders in the communist socio -economic and cultural organizations in the future." The guidelines for "training should be diligent" and "pay attention to practical political issues". In addition, the training content and training methods are made in detail. The second is to rectify organizational discipline. Organizational discipline is the prerequisite for ensuring the work of the team, especially in the environment of revolutionary struggle. Therefore, while Ren Bishi was presided over the central work of the League, he formulated some disciplinary measures in the aspects of the secrets of conservative organizations, membership management, and selection of group cadres, and also implemented the membership certificate system. The third is to adjust the organizational structure so that the division of labor at all levels of the regiment is more compliant with the requirements and more specific development requirements, and the responsibility and authority are more clear, so that the work of the whole group can be concentrated and unified.

During the Great Revolution, because Ren Bishi led the Communist Youth League to carry out the above -mentioned solid and in -depth work, which made the Communist Youth League fully reflect the unity of political, advancedness and mass of the masses, and embarked on the correct development path. The role of the party's assistants and reserve forces is effectively played. Because of this, the work of the Communist Youth League during the Great Revolution became a glory page in the history of the century.

"The Fourth National Congress Declaration of the Communist Youth League of China" published in "Chinese Youth"

In April 1927, the Chinese domestic affairs bureau muttered, and the Kuomintang right -faction rebellion revolution raised the butcher knife to the Communists and the revolutionary masses. With the blood and rain from south to north, and full of white horror, Ren Bishi hosted the four major members of the Communist Youth League in Wuhan. At this conference, he continued to be elected as the General Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Youth League. The "Declaration" adopted by the conference announced: "All members of the group and all being oppressed by the masses of young agricultural workers were mobilized under the guidance of the party, trying to overthrow the political and economic rule of the feudal landlord in the countryside, and implement the land revolution." Chiang Kai -shek, who has completely opposed the revolution and the bourgeoisie it represents; strives to improve the life of workers and strive to establish a democratic dictatorship of the industrial and small bourgeoisie. " The "Declaration" also pointed out: "The main policy of student activities in the future should be to go to the masses -go to the countryside! Go to the army!" The Chinese Communist Youth League with Ren Bishi was in a low tide in the Chinese revolution and was not right by the Kuomintang right. The butcher knife was frightened and still unswervingly became the assistant to the Communist Party of China, and was determined to follow the Communist Party to carry out the Chinese revolution to the end. It was at this severe moment that Chen Duxiu's right -leaning opportunity error appeared in the Communist Party. The Central Committee of Ren Bishi delegation criticized Chen Duxiu in accordance with the principles of party organization. The correct action of the Communist Youth League was affirmed and praised at the August 7th meeting of the party. However, during this period, the two errors two errors in the Communist Youth League appeared in the Communist Youth League. Faced with these two errors, Ren Bishi keenly realized that this is the "crisis of the youth movement". In order to maintain the nature of the Communist Youth League and ensure that the Communist Youth League always follows the party, it is necessary to completely correct this error. In November 1927, Ren Bishi presided over the expansion meeting of the Central Bureau of the Communist Youth League to profoundly analyzes the reasons and the essence of the wrong tendency of these two errors, and promptly correct the errors in a timely manner. At the same time, it also followed the instructions of the Party Central Committee to criticize and correct the tendency of "blind movement" in the group. After the meeting, Ren Bishi drafted the 19th notice of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (No. 6). The notice pointed out: cancellationism and pioneerism are a very wrong tendency. "The delegation should develop the real young people's work in the recent expansion of the meeting under the guidance of the recent expansion of the meeting. The tendency of military adventure and playing with riots is that only when the regiment really becomes a group of mass struggle, can we realize the mission of Bolshevik at the same time with the party. "

In April 1949, Ren Bishi made a political report at the first national congress at the Chinese New Democratic Youth League of China

In March 1928, Ren Bishi was transferred to the Party Central Committee and left the job of the Communist Youth League. He always cares and pays attention to the work of youth and youth groups. After entering the core of the party's leadership, he has been in charge of youth work for a long time. Because of this, after the victory of the Anti -Japanese War, when the Chinese revolutionary mission changed significantly, for the healthy development of the Chinese Youth Movement, in May 1946, he suggested to the CPC Central Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In the case of promoting the people's liberation of the war and the same day, the two presided over the issue of the CPC Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in Yan'an twice to discuss whether to establish a delegation, how to build a group, and what kind of group. The trial construction work and the official establishment of the work have been drafted by the Chinese New Democratic Youth League's first National Congress on behalf of the Party Central Committee's political reporting drafts and group seal case documents. On April 12, 1949, he was ill at the Chinese New Democratic Youth League on behalf of the Party Central Committee for political reports at the first National Congress, comprehensively expounding the situation and tasks of the Chinese revolution, explaining the nature and tasks of the Youth League, emphasizing the nature and tasks of the Youth League, emphasizing the emphasis on the nature and tasks of the Youth League, emphasizing the emphasis on the nature and tasks of the Youth League. "To ensure the correct leadership of the Communist Party of China for the Chinese New Democratic Youth League, it is the decisive factor for the correct development of the Chinese Youth Movement." It is required to be alert to the mistakes in history. During this report, Ren Bishi had to be difficult to support the disease, and the second half of the report had to let the conference staff read on behalf of it, but he still tolerated the pain and insisted on sitting on the venue until the end of the meeting ended. On April 18, the Chinese New Democratic Youth Team closed, and he followed the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to start rest. For the healthy development of the Chinese Youth Movement and the development of the Chinese Youth League, Ren Bishi can be described as gallbladder and worried.

Under Ren Bishi's direct leadership and participating in the reconstruction of the Youth League, the old comrades of the former Youth Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China later recalled: "Comrade Ren Bishi is the great founder of the Youth League and the wise instructor. In the heart of the staff, there is a long bright light! His communist thought is glory, and it will always shine in our chest. "

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