He Rongzu and Yuan Lu

In the Yuan Dynasty, which prevailed in national discrimination, it was very rare to grow from the Han Dynasty's knife and pen to the court members of the court. He Rongzu is such a rare person. He is not famous in history, but has made great contributions to the legislation, supervision and law enforcement of the Yuan Dynasty.

He Rongzu (AD 1221-1299), the word is the first, the ancestral home was in Taiyuan, Shanxi, and later due to the war, the family moved to Hebei Yongnian. He has served as Shandong's ambassador, Henan's ambassador, the political affairs, the political affairs of the political affairs, the royal history, and Zhongshu Youzheng. When the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, he was ordered to compile the law. He will publish the decree of public regulations, selection, governing the people, wealth management, service, service, warehouse, prevention, and prison. The imperial seal was issued to the country because it was issued by the first year. Therefore, the name "Zhi Yuan New Ge" was the first systemic law after the Yuan Dynasty. However, due to the war, this law book was unfortunately scattered and could not find the original text. According to scholars' research, the provisions have been included in more than 110 in the "Institution" and "Yuan Dianzhang". From the content of the content, it is mainly based on the administrative regulations and cases of the government. He Rongzu has always paid attention to legislation, and was very anxious to the situation of the Yuan Dynasty without the formal codes. He suggested to Kubili to draft the "Dharma Order". After being approved, organize personnel to consider the information, discuss it carefully, and demonstrate. When he arrived at Yuan Chengzong, he played the imperial court of the law and organized the veteran minister to discuss. In the future, he would be awarded, and he died, and the law would die. Although it was not promulgated, it laid the foundation for the formulation of the later "Da Yuan System" and "Yuan Dianzhang", and its role was indelible. In the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the laws are rough and the decree has not been formulated in a complete and uniform criminal code for the universal universal of all ethnic groups, such as the Han, Han, and Hui.

With the demise of the Yuan Dynasty regime, most of its codes were scattered, leaving only some incomplete content, leaving many regrets for later studies.

As a minority regime, the law of the Yuan Dynasty basically had no inheritance relationship with the Tang and Song dynasties. In terms of legal names and forms, neither the law, orders, patterns, and styles, nor use of punishment, or order, but use cases, strips, precedents formed by decisions, documents, and judicial practice. Sentencing, a bit of the characteristics of the jurisprudence. Most of the provisions are just explanatory, looming, and lack of integration. Therefore, some scholars believe that the law of the Yuan Dynasty does not belong to the "Chinese Law Department", and the pulse of the "Mongolian Law Department" alone. The reason is that before the Mongolians entered China, they were deeply influenced by the culture of the Western Regions. During the rule, other ethnic groups adopted a discriminatory policy. The rule time was less than one hundred years old, and the Confucian culture was not fully integrated. Of course, some scholars believe that the Yuan Dynasty was a branch of the Chinese Law Department. There are many different forms of legal forms, but there are still many inheritance in the content, such as the five punishments, five services, ten evils, eight discussions and other systems in the Tang and Song dynasties. , Health, professional system, thieves, rape, miscellaneous, capture, etc., are all taken from the Tang and Song dwellings.

He Rongzu belonged to a legal iconic figure in the Yuan Dynasty. He not only participated in legislation, but also suggested to improve the court system, establish a vertical supervision system, and also did a lot of law enforcement work to achieve extraordinary achievements. When he served as a political affairs, he had the authority in Sangge. Sang Ge set up an agency to lead all the finances of the court, so as to turn the government into a business without its own money, regardless of administrative management affairs. He Rongzu deeply felt that the ruler of the Yuan Dynasty often implemented the policy of exhaustion and fishing, due to the inertia of military conquest and military occupation, affecting the stability of political stability and the lives of the people. As a result, he repeatedly asked Kublai Khan to cut off the agency. At the beginning, Yuan Shizu disagreed. After Xiaoming's interest, he closed the foreign provincial organs and retained most nearby authorities. He also suggested that the court established a hundred official regulations, aggravated the power of the supervisory agency, enhanced the status of the supervisory agency, and institutionalized the supervision work. His suggestions were accepted by the court, and the "prisoner follow -up" was changed to "Suzheng Lianwan Envoy". Each of each of them set up 8 officials, two stayed in this profile organ, and the remaining 6 sub -prefectures and counties supervised Responsible for civil affairs, finance and officials. Su Zhenglian visits have no relationship with local organs and are directly responsible for the central government. At the end of the year, it was evaluated by Zhongshu Province and Yu Shitai. The Yuan Dynasty was the earliest dynasties in my country to establish supervision organs. In this regard, He Rongzu contributed.

Yuan Shi records: "Rongzu is to the big official, and the 僦 僦 元 元 元 元 元 元 元 元 元 元. The drinking device uses a celadon cup. In the middle of the palace, the above respect is given, and the top fifty -two gold, the silver five hundred and two thousand, the banknote of 25,000 yuan, Buy the house to buy a house, to be honest. "It is rare in the Yuan Dynasty that prevails for luxury. Yuan Shizu personally gave gold and silver property to award his clean behavior.

He Rongzu also writes books such as "Big Animal", "Xueyi Ji", "Tao Tao", and "Outside the Wind", which will be passed on to future generations.

Ren Shenglin

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