Kangcheng Academy: Zheng Xuan's founding in the late Eastern Han Dynasty continued to spread to this day-Yao Haitao

As an important part of ancient Chinese education institutions, the academy plays an irreplaceable role in inheriting Chinese culture. When it comes to the beginning of the academy, most of them dates back to the Lizheng College of Ziwei City, Ziwei, Luoyang. In the Song Dynasty, the academy was formally established as an educational system, and it has developed rapidly like a bamboo shoot. The well -known academies, such as Yingtian Academy, Yuelu Academy, Bailudong Academy, Songyang Academy, Shigu Academy, Goose Lake Academy, etc., all appeared in the Song Dynasty. In the following different historical periods, academies in various places were endless, and they contributed extraordinary in cultivating talents, spreading ideas, cultural popularization, and evidence of the context.

The ancestor of the academy deserves its name

There is a very ancient academy, standing silently since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and has been more than 1,800 years old. Its name is Kangcheng Academy. The old site of the Academy is located under the Chaoyangpo of the west side of the three bids of the northern foot of the northern foot of the Laoshan Scenic Area in Qingdao City, Shandong Province, and leaned north to the Mount Mountain and the ink river in the south. The rolling mountains, lush trees, and surging flowing water adds a lot of mystery here, and it is a bit elegant. Gu Shui, wood is beautiful, is the good place to read the Scriptures!

Kangcheng Academy was early, and it was not the first to be called the ancestor of the academy. It was born in troubled times, but it was famous. To this day, there are few humanity. The name of Kangcheng Academy is very different from the landscape of the college, which is very different. Most of the descendants are named in their place, but Kangcheng Academy is named by the founder's name. Kangcheng Academy was founded by Zheng Xuan, the master of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the master of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the master of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Concentrate to learn, and finally become God

Zheng Xuan (127-200), Zi Kangcheng, a native of Gaomi County, Beihai County (now Gaomi City, Shandong Province). Mr. Kang Cheng is famous, such as Taishan Beidou. He combined the ancient text, Broadcom's six arts, all over the scriptures, especially the three rituals, and the "Scripture" beauty name. "Hou Han Book · Zheng Xuan Biography" has given a high evaluation. Yun "Zheng Xuanbian Ceremony, the nets of the nets, the deletion of the criminals, and the missed publishing. Interpretation, today people can't read. Zhang Chao's "Youmengying" book Zeng Yun, "Writing a new book is the great cause of Qianqiu; a note of an ancient book, allowing Wan Shi Hong Gong." If so, Mr. Kang Cheng's note of the scriptures is great! The well -known writer and historian Wang Leisi preached in the preface of his masterpiece "Zheng Kang's Nurgender", "Gao Mi Zheng Jun, the pure spirit of the sea and the puppet, the body of the big body, the talented talent, quiet Sophisticated thoughts, compiled the group scriptures, and the secrets of the secrets, the provenance of the text, Wei is the translation of the sacred ".

read more, walk more. Zheng Xuanxue is not a master, visiting the famous Confucian people. According to his kissed "The Book of Ringzi Yien", "Study Study Week, Qin's Capital, and the Domains of Qin, Together, Yue, and Yu, they have been in the reign, and they are in the same way. , I have suffered. " In the same way, he was in the same Confucian Confucianism, and Zheng Xuan Mo didn't ask. Zheng Xuan's footprints are all over Youzhou, merged, Luzhou, Yuzhou, and the fifth yuan first, Zhang Gongzu, Chen Qiu, Ma Rong and others at the time of the Confucian Confucianism at the time. Its person is a real and famous Confucianism, and his studies are called "Zheng Xue". In the years of confusion, because of his parents, Zheng Xuan resigned and returned to his hometown. After Zheng Xuan left, the teacher Ma Rong sighed, and said with emotion to the disciples of the door, "Zheng Sheng is now, I am east!" The short word contains the connotation of richness. This is the praise and admiration of Zheng Xuanxue, the joy and comfort of the east of his learning, and the teachings and expectations of the disciples of the door.

Avoid chaos, Tsukuru is apprentices

When Zheng Xuan was a teenager, he was a town husband and Xiang Zuo, and he was extremely disappointed with the dark politics in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. After the successful school, the courts and various princes called for them. Zheng Xuan was unmoved, did not admire the career, and had his own ambition. In the "Beginning" and "Records of Yuanhai", there are "Zheng Xuanru Forest Lecture Hall" in the North Sea. Zheng Xuan opened the door to teach apprenticeship. The disciples are from a distance, and there are endless streams. Famous people such as Cui Yan, Zhao Shang, Wang Jing, Guoyuan, Ren Yan, Liu Xi, Sun Qian and so on. According to the "Hou Han Book · Zheng Xuan Biography", "(Zheng Xuan) is poor, and the guests are farming, and the apprentices have followed hundreds of thousands." Care, and unremittingly. According to Zheng Zhen's "Zheng Xuelu" in the Qing Dynasty, the "Lai" of "Hakka Geng Donglai" refers to Naida Mountain and Xiaoli Mountain, Shima Laoshan in Jimo County, in 38 miles southeast of the county. The "Book of Ringzi Yien", the place where the "fake field sowing" may be at the foot of Laoshan and Boyan (that is, today Tieqi Mountain). Later, Cui Yan and Gongsun Fang were accepted by Zheng Xuan. They coincided with the Yellow Turban Army Uprising. Beihai County was broken and she could not avoid chaos. According to Yan Mo's "Qi Ji": "Taibai said,‘ although Taishan is high, it ’s not as high as the East China Sea’, and the former Zheng Kangcheng ’s privilege is here."

In the second year of Zhongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (188 AD), the mountains were not under the mountains, Zheng Xuan and the disciples of the door were cultivated and founded the academy. So at the time of the remote countryside, there was a school of schools. Unfortunately, because of "Gu Yixian, Xuan Xuan Xuan Xuan Xuan". Kangcheng Academy did not have a long time, and had to end because of food problems. Although Zheng Xuan Gao's "Tu Chu Fu" text is incomplete, but the "Zheng's high training, I will go to Fa Meng" expressing his own intention and deep nostalgia for the teacher.

Kangcheng Academy has stopped for some reason, and the context of later generations continues. In the seventh year of Zhengde of the Ming Dynasty (1512 AD), Jimo County Ling Gao Yunzhong tried to think of the ancestors and presided over the rebuilding Kangcheng Academy. Later, due to the opening of the county school, Kangcheng Academy gradually lost its style and was abandoned, which is a pity. Later generations admired Zheng Xuan, they all originated from this. Gu Yanwu, a university scholar at the end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties. After the site of the Kangcheng Academy, he wrote the poem cloud of "No Mountains and Hanshe County Youcheng Academy", "There are people who cultivate the Mountain Academy, and the names of the mountains and counties. Asked the yellow scarf is full of the world, maybe Zheng Kangcheng? "On the late Eastern Han Dynasty in troubled times, there was a generation of Confucian Confucianism taught etiquette and talked about the six classics. It can also be described as a good story. No cultural pearl, Kang Chengshu with complex

I never thought that Kangcheng Academy had no intention of indirectly continued the long -lasting culture (fújī) culture. "Han Book · Wudi Ji": "Four years of the first year, summer and April, fortunately." In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, it was abolished in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Better is under the jurisdiction of ink. According to Mr. Wang Xian Tang's "Yanhuang clan culture test", at the end of the primitive society, the two major ethnic groups of the "no" family and the "Qi" tribe were reproduced here. There are mountain names because of their clan names. If so, the history of "not the same" can be traced back to ancient times, and through the present. The unwavering culture can be described as traveled to Dongyi culture, involved in Qi culture and Han culture, and intertwined with Jimo culture and Langya culture, forming an important cultural form that inherits the front.

Kangcheng Academy is undoubtedly a pearl in the history of his cultural history. Zheng Xuan has also become a famous Confucian Confucianism that continues to be an ancient culture and has disappeared. Inheritance of the chaos and the veins, the late Han Dynasty school gathered here. According to the "Three Qi Ji" records, "The east of the city, there are mountains, Zheng Xuan deleted" Poetry "and" Book ". Yu, toughness, the natives are called the Kang Chengshu belt. " The Tang Dynasty writer Lu Guimeng wrote in "Books and Grass", "Bi Bi Bi Zhe, Yunshu brings names, and the first generation is born." In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi had a poetic cloud, "Rain and faint stones are cold and cloudy, and the wind and teeth are chaotic. Ming Yiliang's "Books with Cursive Songs" Yiyun, "Kang Chengzai is both eastward, and he reads the sides of the mountains. The book with the book with the name ". Books and grass have long become a complex of Chinese literati, and all of them are due to the Kangcheng Academy, because of God Zheng Xuan, because of the love of the book, and the adherence to learning.

Although the academy does not exist, the school pulse is still there today. This land does not forget Kang Cheng or the academy. Nowadays, there is an academy village in Xingfu Town Street, Qingdao City, which is the legacy of Kangcheng Academy. The Village of the Performing Village is the place where Kang Cheng was exercised with students and local people. A Kangcheng Academy Reservoir can also testify. Kangcheng Academy, while cultivating intellectuals, has also played a major role in cultural popularization. Kangcheng Academy pioneered for this academy, and the future advanced people still have to work hard. Today, a college is specially opened in Chengyang District Chinese Academy, named Kangcheng Academy. Not far from the site of the academy, Qingdao Urban College, which has a history of eighteen years of history, was rising from the fire of Kangcheng College.

(The author is a graduate student at the 2004 Chinese philosophy of Shandong University.

Yao Haitao, an associate professor of Qingdao Urban College, is mainly engaged in the study of the philosophy and Xunzi philosophy of the pre -Qin Dynasty. He presided over and participated in more than 10 research research, published more than 40 articles in "Zhouyi Research", "Jianghan Academic" and "Guangming Daily".

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