[Talking about the history of the text] "Sanzhang" and "Fighting Radak" ‖ Pang Yu

"Sanxian" and "Fighting Festival"

Pang Yu

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On November 18, 1922, the "Morning News" published a short essay of Lu Xun "Small Seeing Big". The essay starts with "the trend of the opposition lecture charges of Peking University", and feels like "eliminating the disappearance of the lucky flames", "I did not hear who wishes the victim for this time", so The

So I realized that a long -term puzzlement was: In the Sanbeizi Garden, there were four martyrs who had died of stabbing Liangzhu and Yuan Shikai. There were three tombstones. A word engraved.

Anyone who sacrifice after the altar is left to everyone, there is only the only "scattered".

From the result of a tide of learning, Lu Xun saw the world's state and the psychology of the Chinese people at that time. Although the text is short, its deep meaning is worth thinking: Many people do not have the willingness to inherit the legacy of the martyrs, nor the spirit of the future successor, and always live a day; even more, they are sitting and eating these sacrifices. The result of the result.

The "胙" in the term "scattered" at the end of the text refers to the meat used for sacrifice. "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" Page 430, there is a comment of "Sanxian": After the old sacrifice, the meat used in the sacrifice was distributed. The old sacrifice was solemn, and the sacrifice was rich: the Zhou Dynasty had the division of "too prison" and "less prison". The emperor called "presented", and the people who waited for the ordinary people could only be called "scattered". What about it? Naturally, I want to eat! It is only the hearts of the gods and ancestors who are sent to the gods and ancestors. Those who are affordable and full of mouth are always people who are living in the world. Naturally, the mind is also very important. The gods and ancestors know our respect for them, and we will bless us with everything and always go. Today, the folk grave and sacrifice incense scratch heads are over. When leaving, they often have a string of firecrackers. It seems that we are afraid of the ancestors' disregard: we come to worship you. The mind! The meaning of words is very clear: your old man must remember our minds and bless us!

Thinking of "fascination" by "Sanxian".

"Fighting Festival" is a dialect in the Southwestern official dialect area. It refers to eating meat, which refers to eating good things. It can also be extended to do a comfortable and pleasant thing.

In "Talking about the Chinese, Food, Housing, Housing, and Diet", Li Yiren once mentioned tooth festivals:

I can tell everyone frankly that in the state of Tianfu, the few Chinese people who can satisfy this kind of mouth are still a small number of highly Chinese people, and the vast majority of Sichuan dwarfs do not have to be in the east of Shimori, Northern Dawagawa, and Shangchuan South (should be said today. It is Xikang Province) and people who are in the west of western Sichuan. In the fertile West Sichuan plains, the villages in Chengdu's Guo Guo, the hard work of a few farmers, ate a white rice all year round as a teeth sacrifice all year round. Native

At the bottom of the page, there is a comment from Li Yiren:

Fighting festival: Seen in the Tang Dynasty "Congpu". It is said that the second and sixth day of each month, for example, the three animals of the Shao Mansion Flag, in Sichuan, so far, eat the meat once on the second and sixth day of the month, and they are named to the tooth festival.

If the sacrifice is kept on the table, where does the meat of meat come from? If only the main sacrifice can enjoy the sacrifice, it won't be able to benefit the public, what are everyone eating? Therefore, Li Yiren's annotation must omit an important procedure after the "Channel Flag": Sanxian. After the scattered crickets, the people of the carnivores can gradually become custom, so that eating meat can be said to be "fascinating festivals."

The second episode of Yu Blood Wheel "Qiqinglou Miscellaneous Ji" is in the second episode of "Test the Test", which says:

"Fighting tooth Festival" is the popular customs of Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, and Hubei, and Wuhan merchants pay particular attention to it. Regardless of business profit and loss, the owner of the session will have fish meat, otherwise the shop will be coaxed. However, Sichuan and Guizhou played tooth festivals. The tooth festival, the rumor of this "hit the sacrifice", "Tong Tao" contains Shilin Ye's cloud: "Jiedu's red oil red cricket, the gift is hidden in the Gongyu private room, all of them are church programs. The next day of the festival, the name "日 sacrifice day", the sacrifice, the meat divide the meat to everyone. "It is the word of the sacrifice, which has a long history. Later, the folk is passed down, and then it will become a dental sacrifice.

Unlike Li Yiren's sacrifice flag, the blood -blooding test is the sacrifice of the yamen. But the core part is the same: the sacrifice is over, and the meat is eaten. The sacrifice of the yamen is not the point. The focus is on eating meat and moving to teeth. The research of the blood wheel also makes sense.

The full name of "Tong Tao" in Yu Blood Wheel Citation, "Literature Tong Tao", is a history of a code system compiled by Ma Duanlin, a scholar Ma Duan at the end of the Song Dynasty; Therefore, the name Shilin Jushi. Citation in the "Council of the Display" "Joading Thirteen Introduction". The original text is:

Shilin Ye's said: Jiedushi, the door flag two, dragon and tiger Jingyi, section one, shot two, leopard tail two, all eight things. The flag is based on the red cricket, nine pieces, and the top of the golden bronze is the top of the golden bronze. The festival is based on the golden and copper leaves, the three layers of the plate, and the red silk is added. His gunfire also applied wooden plates. The leopard tail is painted with a red yellow cloth, all of which are painted with paint. Wenchen is Zhu, Wuchen is black. The flag is silk with red crickets, and the festival and the gun are silk with blue oil, so it is called the blue oil. The gifts are hidden in the private room of the Gongyu. There are six crickets in the Tang system, and there is nothing today.

Compared with the citations of the blood wheel, the original text lacks the sentence "Name" Sacrifice Day ", after the sacrifice, the meat is divided into everyone", that is, the procedure of Sanji. I wonder where this sentence from the blood wheel quotation comes from? And this sentence is the top priority of the report of the blood wheel. It is the core essential of the word of the word tooth festival. If there is no such sentence, the research of the blood wheel will not be able to stand on the foot, which will not make sense. In this sense, the research of metaphorical blood wheels seems to be suspected of cave. In fact, it is not necessary to use the research on the root cause of the roots, only the text can also be solved: the festival is the dental sacrifice. Life is hard, the days are sleepy, and the vegetables are eating a light rice every day. Evil things.

Regardless of the testimony of the blood wheel, the "new interpretation" of his teeth offerings at the end of the article is quite interesting. Whenever he reads it, he laughs:

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, civil servants' dependents were in the countryside, while the organs were in the city. They could return home to the wife of Dunlun for one or two weeks. Essence

The tooth festival in the "New Explanation" neither refers to eating meat nor refers to eating good things, but refers to a comfortable and pleasant thing. This extension is the same as the meaning of the tooth festival.

Today, the sacrifice is mostly dedicated, and the usual offering is a grand contribution. Some villages still retain the tradition of offering, but often they are just a piece of knife, a small bottle of white wine, and a few fruits and biscuits. At the end of the sacrifice, the meat wine cakes have been placed in front of the grave, and the ancestors can eat and drink at any time, just like we want to fight tooth festivals at any time. Life is getting better and better, and the fat and fat women are everywhere. Everyone thinks about how to lose weight. I want to eat low -fat foods. Although the sacrifice does not have the procedure of "San Tong", Lu Xun's micro -righteousness in the word "San Ye" still exists: you see those who slander the border of China and India on the Internet, but they are eating "people Bloody buns "? Not only are they as ignorant as the Hua Laosuo couple, but they also have an extra arrogance and arrogance, and they have more intentions.

Today, we are still alert to those who "sacrifice after the altar", waiting for "scattered", waiting for the "tooth sacrifice".

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Author: Pang Yu (Xuanhan County, Sichuan Province)

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