After taking over Chen Yannian 21 days, he also sacrificed in the same place ｜ Share before bedtime

Author:Jiefang Daily Time:2022.09.22

In 1920, Zhao Shiyan took a photo in Shanghai before he went to France for work.

On July 2, 1927, at the dusk of storms, the Kuomintang alarm surrounded the traitor's confession and surrounded the residence of Zhao Shiyan, the agent of the 190s of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, Shanghai, North Sichuan. At this time, Zhao Shiyan went out and did not return, and the enemy was waiting in his house. His wife Xia Zhixu and mother -in -law Xia Niang were anxious. When Xia Niangniang saw Zhao Shiyan who came towards his family from the window, regardless of the enemy's blocking the flower pot on the window sill. Unfortunately, the sound of the wind and rain drowned the sound of the flower pot landing, and Zhao Shiyan did not notice it. As soon as he entered the house, he was arrested. On the 19th, the "Shanghai -proletarian real leader" was bravely righteous by the Fenglin Bridge.

Zhao Shiyan's old residence in Shanghai, No. 189, Duolun Road today

Why not fight

"Shanghai workers are ambitious, and the charge is in a tide. Three uprising of the uprising of the monarch, winning the red flag and Shanghai." It is Wu Yuzhang, a proletarian revolutionary of the older generation, to remember Zhao Shiyan's poem, which can be described as true. "Ying Ying" is a pseudonym used by Zhao Shiyan to engage in revolutionary struggle in Shanghai.

Zhao Shiyan was the outstanding proletarian revolutionary and famous worker movement leader of our party. In his short life, he left a rich and splendid revolutionary deeds and interesting red stories, showing a noble spiritual style and distinctive political character.

Zhao Shiyan was born in a large household in Longtan Town, Puyang County (now Chongqing City, Chongqing City, Chongqing City, Chongqing City). He lives in the Gaogu Courtyard and has a special pier in the town. There are nine children in the Zhao family, and Zhao Shiyan is ranked eight.

Puyang is located in the borders of the four provinces of Hunan, Hubei and Chongqing, and is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. It has always been a bandit nest and the origin of the revolutionaries. The second brother Zhao Shizhen is a member of the alliance, which has a great influence on the teenager Zhao Shiyan. Zhao Shiyan has loved reading since childhood. He often listened to the story of the adults twice. In this world, there is no evil in society, and it is not possible to fight for people. "

In the autumn of 1912, Zhao Shiyan entered the senior elementary school of Longtan Town. Geographical teacher was Wang Boshan, a member of the Alliance. He often promoted the anti -emperor and anti -feudal thought to the students. In a geographical class, Wang Boshan said that Hong Kong was cut, Kowloon and Macau were rented. The Chinese territory was divided by the powers. Zhao Shiyan was angry and silent. After the class, he repeatedly sang Yue Fei "Manjiang Red": "Aspirations for hungry meals, Hu Lu meat, laughing and drinking the blood of the Xiongnu ..."

The teenager Zhao Shiyan resolutely cut off the long braid on his head and determined to completely break with the old world. Many little boys in Longtan Town Senior Primary School also cut their braids, and the little girl threw away her feet. Regarding Zhao Shiyan's lift, his mother Lu Bilian was panicked. His father Zhao Congshan twisted his hands and smiled and praised his son.

When he was 14 years old, he came to Beijing with his father and brother, and was admitted to the Affiliated Middle School of Beijing Higher Normal School with excellent studies. During the school, he actively devoted himself to the new cultural movement and bravely expressing his ideological views of caring for the country and caring for the people. In "Speaking of the Library Answered Friends", he proposed that the method of strengthening the country and the development of social undertakings is to "advocate education, to enter their wisdom, change the law, and enter their virtues", and gather "society of society". The key to force is to pursue public welfare rather than private benefits.

With Cai Yuanpei from Chang Peking University, Chen Duxiu, he was hired by the Director of Peking University, and "New Youth" moved to Beijing, and the Beijing education community was fresh. Zhao Shiyan met Li Dazhao and was deeply enlightened and educated by new ideas. He wrote in his notes: "Mr. Li can be regarded as my mentor and my leader."

Zhao Shiyan actively participated in the May Fourth Movement and was elected as the chairman of the student union of the affiliated middle school. He organized classmates to invest in the demonstration team and undergo the test and baptism of the revolution. After the May 4th Movement, he also participated in the "Youth Chinese Society" initiated by Li Dazhao and others to actively unite and improve youths and publicize and progress.

"Dusk" thief "

On May 9, 1920, Zhao Shiyan and Hunan Youth Xiao San and more than 120 progressive students took the French Amartbenik to Shanghai Poppu Pier. Mao Zedong came to the Wharf for Xiao San. With a whistle, 19 -year -old Zhao Shiyan embarked on the road to work and studying the truth.

In May 1920, Zhao Shiyan and other retained law -studying students who were diligent in the law arrived in Marseille (data photo)

During the French period, Zhao Shiyan worked and contacted his classmates. He insisted on studying for 3 hours after 8 hours of high -intensity work every day. Whenever he took advantage of the sunset to read Marxist literature, he claimed to be a "dusk thief". He vowed to his classmates: "The doctrine I recognize must be unchanged, and it is resolutely to propagate him." Expressing a firm Marxist belief.

In fact, before leaving Shanghai, Zhao Shiyan got in touch with Chen Duxiu, who was building the party. In the spring of 1921, Zhao Shiyan received a letter from Chen Duxiu on the establishment of the party, and immediately contacted Zhang Shenfu, Zhou Enlai, etc., and established an early organization of the Communist Party of China in France. He became only 20 years old when he became a member of the Communist Party of China and was one of the youngest party members of the Communist Party of China at the time.

The authority of the party history "The History of the Communist Party of China" records: "The early organization of the Communist Party in the Chinese people in France was mainly formed among those who were retained in France. They were established in 1921. , Zhao Shiyan, Chen Gongpei, Liu Qingyang, Zhou Enlai, etc. "The book also records: The Communist Party of the Book of Traveling to France has become the center of the revolutionaries and progressive students of the revolutionaries of various countries (travel law, travel, and travel ratio). In June 1922, the Chinese Communist Party's trip to the European Branch held a establishment conference. 23 representatives from various countries in Europe participated in the conference. Zhou Enlai and Chen Yannian are members. This arrangement shows that Zhao Shiyan's position in the party.

In the autumn of 1922, the Communist Party of China was established. Zhao Shiyan was elected as a member of the General Branch and Secretary of the French Group of the Communist Party of China. Cai Chang praised: "Shi Yan and Enlai are smart." Nie Rongzhen recalled: "Comrade Shi Yan is characterized by smart, active, and close to the masses. Choose him as chairman ... "

It is not difficult to understand that the younger Zhao Shiyan becomes the core figure. Zhao Shiyan has helped many students. The most representative is that he helped anarchist believers Chen Yannian and Chen Qiaonian's ideas to realize their ideological transformation. He was keenly aware of the changes in the thoughts of the Er Chen brothers, and repeatedly believed in Chen Gongpei, entrusted him to "ask him and explore his movement." With the help of everyone, the Erchen brothers turned to believe in Marxism.

Zhao Shiyan dared to dare to do it, and always rushed on the front line of the struggle. For example, the Beiyang government wants to sell the construction rights of the Chinese stamp duty and the Yunnan -Chongqing railway to France for borrowing, which has caused a sensation in students and Chinese workers in France. Zhao Shiyan came forward, and established a refusal committee with Zhou Enlai to issue a "refusal notice" and "Declaration Declaration", calling on people from all walks of life to resist the loan. In the end, the borrowing conspiracy was successfully shattered.

For another example, at the time, Li Shizhao and Wu Zhihui borrowed fakes to settle the name of the “Chinese France University” in the name of a student -studying student and studying students. Zhao Shiyan and Cai Hesen initiated the famous "Jinzhanli" operation, negotiated with Wu Zhihui and other confrontation. They were forcibly escorted to the barracks near Ryon.

Striving "Essence of the First Righteousness for Life"

Dispired by the Party Central Committee, 12 people including Zhao Shiyan, Chen Yannian, Wang Ruofei, and Zheng Chaolin went to Moscow Oriental University to study at the end of 1922. Before leaving, they met the Eiffel Tower in Paris to visit. In the tower, he was in mind that he wrote the hot "Far View Moscow": "We are standing on the top of the Paris Tower, and the heights are not cold, and it is vast." Everyone shouted "Communist life without Xinjiang." This is a vow for the party's vastness, and also a romantic and beautiful wish for the cause of communism.

After Zhao Shiyan went to Moscow, Zhou Enlai replaced him as the second secretary of the Chinese Communist Party's European branch.

Zhao Shiyan once said: "The word" struggle ", Yu Changfeng thought of the first essential of life", "not struggling, why do you think people?" This is Zhao Shiyan's lofty outlook on life, and his life has never left "struggle".

During the Soviet Union, Zhao Shiyan reunited with the political leader Li Dazhao. Li Dazhao sent to Moscow to attend the Communist International. According to Li Dazhao's proposal, Zhao Shiyan returned from the Soviet Union in September 1924 to the country and was sent to the Beiyang warlord to control the strict and critical environment as a member of the Northern District Party Committee of the Communist Party of China and the chairman of the local party committee (the secretary of the renamed secretary in January 1925). Member of the Standing Committee of the Commission and Minister of Propaganda Department.

Chen Duxiu (left) and Li Dazhao

In the northern district committee, Zhao Shiyan was hailed as "able to incite and can work." Chen Qiaonian, member of the Standing Committee of the District Party Committee and the Minister of the Organization Department, assisted Li Dazhao to lead the work of the party's work in the eight provinces of the North and the Northeast. His work is deep and meticulous, very courageous. He often goes deep into the factory to promote Marxism, talks with workers, inspires the workers 'class awareness, and has established workers' clubs in Dongcheng, Xicheng and other places, organizing workers to learn culture, exchange ideas, and carry out Marxist propaganda. The northern worker movement quickly recovered and developed.

Li Dazhao praised the important assistant around him: "Shi Yan's brain is fast, and many problems are very inspiring to me."

In the spring of 1926, the warlords controlled the Beijing -Tianjin area. Because of his long -standing appearance, Zhao Shiyan was transferred to the Minister of the Organization Department of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Committee of the Communist Party of China, the party secretary of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, and the secretary of the Military Commission of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Committee.

From 1926 to 1927, one of the earliest party schools of our party and the party school of the Shanghai District Party School of the Communist Party of China, Zhao Shiyan had lectured here (Photo by Haiser)

In Shanghai, Zhao Shiyan showed his skills. He first worked together with his comrades, and presented the first anniversary parade demonstration of the "May 30" campaign, which improved the political awareness of the workers' class. Then he participated in the leading economic strikes of Shanghai workers for more than 3 months and three arms in Shanghai workers three times. uprising.

In March 1927, Zhao Shiyan, Chen Duxiu, Zhou Enlai, and others led the third armed uprising of the famous Shanghai workers, becoming a successful model for the party leadership central city armed uprising, and severely cracked down on the reactionary rule of imperialism and warlords. Zhao Shiyan calls it "March riots." He wrote: "The value of the March riots in the history of the world revolution is a page written after the October Revolution. The March riot in the history of the Chinese revolution is the nature of determining the nature of the Chinese revolution and the victory of the Chinese revolution. , A new page of dividing the history of the Chinese revolution. "The third armed uprising of Shanghai workers (data photos)

Zhishi sacrifice

In the secret working environment, Zhao Shiyan always left the hopes of birth to the comrades and left the danger to himself. He is very energetic and talented. He often uses British, French, and Russian languages to translate foreign friends during the meeting. He always leaves the first to leave and says, "Let's take the mud first and avoid trouble you." "Mud" It is the nickname that everyone secretly retrieved the reactionary government.

After the "April Two" coup, Shanghai fell into white terror, and the party organization was severely damaged. Zhao Shiyan was not afraid of danger and said firmly: "The Communist Party is the party of the battle. Without the battle, there is no party. The party must fight for one day for a day.

In 1926, Zhao Shiyan was in the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China

Chen Yannian, Secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, was arrested on June 26, 1927 for the traitor's betrayal, and was brutally killed on the night of the 29th. On the 28th, Zhao Shiyan, who fought side by side with Chen Yannian in Shanghai, was ordered to be ordered to serve as the agent secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee. In just 4 days, on the afternoon of July 2, the traitor betrayed, and the enemy surrounded the residence of Zhao Shiyan, 190, Northern Sichuan Lu Zhi'anfang. On July 19, he sacrificed heroically.

Zhao Shiyan's final performance was extremely strong. At the Shanghai Fenglin Bridge Detention Center, Zhao Shiyan was tortured and still tortured. He encourages comrades "don't be afraid, the more afraid the more he is", "the revolution is to bleed, and the price must be paid to the society." In his testament, he left "the sacrifice of the Zhishi, the seeds of the revolutionary was already covered with the north and the south, and it would definitely grow up. The Communist Party will eventually win ..."

The heroic spirit of death is similar to Chen Yannian. On the way towards the execution ground, Zhao Shiyan shouted "Long live communism!" "Understand the new warlord Chiang Kai -shek!" Screaming "Cut, chopped a knife". The death of the hero is always similar. The two secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee not only arrested in the same post, sacrificed in the same place, but also the scenes of sacrifice are also very similar.

Nostalgia forever

Lost two young talents, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, "Bolshevik", published "Mourning Zhao Shiyan, Chen Yannian, and other comrades who died in the Kuomintang's sister -in -law" and wrote: "One", "Chinese proletariat lost two brave and powerful leaders" and "loyal and hard -working soldiers". He praised "Zhao Shiyan is the true leader of Shanghai's proletariat", "the instructors of the three riots of Shanghai workers", "the soul of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions and the Persons' Team."

Zhao Shiyan is not afraid of sacrifice spirit. The old comrades Deng Yingchao remembered: "His unlimited loyalty to the cause of the party, his serious, responsible and meticulous work style, his serious and amiable attitude, his tenacious fighting spirit and heroic sacrifice It shows the noble quality of the Communist Party members. "

Nie Rongzhen, his classmates in Sichuan Township and Traveling in Europe, praised Zhao Shiyan, "Unlimited loyalty to the party and career, deeply rooted in the masses at work, arduous life in life, regardless of the struggle of the enemy, and insisted on the principles of comrades. Communist.

Today, the former residence of Zhao Shiyan and the Martyrs Exhibition Hall are located in Longtan Town, Puyang County. It is a national patriotic education demonstration base. Deng Xiaoping in 1982 wrote the door plaque of the former residence "Comrade Zhao Shiyan's former residence".

On April 13, 2001, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China grandly commented on the 100th anniversary of Zhao Shiyan's birthday, remembering his glorious performance, inheriting and carrying forward his lofty spirit and revolutionary style.

The 100th anniversary stamp of Zhao Shiyan's birthday in 2001

In 2009, Zhao Shiyan and Chen Yannian were rated as "100 hero models who made outstanding contributions to New China" by 11 departments including the Propaganda Department and Central Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.