[Our twenty -four solar terms] In the autumn equinox, look at the ancient harvest festival

Wang Jing, a reporter from Hubei Daily All Media

The old garden should be exposed, and the cool night is the autumnal equinox. On September 23, the autumn equinox was solar terms. It was long and night that day and night. Since then, it is getting shorter during the day, and the night is getting longer and longer. Since 2018, autumn equinox has not only a solar terms, but also becoming a harvest festival in Chinese farmers.

The autumnal equinox of the solar term was a traditional "Monthly Moon Festival". According to historical records, from the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, the ancient emperors had the customs of the Spring Equins, Summer Solstice, Moon Said Moon, and Winter Solstice. The sacrifice venue is called the Temple, the Temple, the Moon Altar, and the Temple of Heaven. The Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty wrote "The Thirteenth Year of the Qianlong Royal System in August, the Spring Poems of the Spring Moon", which recorded that he sacrificed the moon in the autumn equinox. As the national etiquette involved in the emperor, the autumn equinox sacrifice moon is not the bright and completeness of the full moon, but to be grateful to the heavenly way of running (the ancients believed that the solar terms were nodes of the heavenly operation process), bringing stable rule. After the customs that originated from the court entered the folk, the public was more willing to see the full moon reunion, and fixed the move of "sacrifice moon" in August 15th, which created a festival Mid -Autumn Festival.

In ancient China, farmers also celebrated the harvest festival: Qiuhe. "According to the algorithm of the Jieyue Moon, the date of the Qiuhe is around the autumn equinox." On September 21, Huang Chaofen, Secretary -General of the Provincial Federation of Literature and Artists Association, introduced the ancient "harvest festival" to reporters.

Huang Chaofen said that the ancients saw the grains growing on the land in spring, and the crops harvested in the autumn, thinking that it was the credit for the protection of the land gods, so after the autumn harvest, he thanked the land god. "Autumn Society Day" is a big day for ancient folk autumn to sacrifice the land god. At present, the term "Qiuhe" originated from the Han Dynasty. Before the Han Dynasty, there was only "Spring Club". The fifth day after the beginning of the spring is the day of the Spring Club. A solemn and lively ritual will be held to worship the god of the land and pray for a year of wind and rain, and the disaster is called "spring prayer". Qiuhe, the fifth day after the autumn. The ancients believed that in the Spring Club, they had made their wishes to the fairy. After the autumn harvest, they had to return to and report it anyway. Therefore, the main activity of the "Autumn Society" is also a sacrifice, expressed gratitude in the harvest year, and apologetic expresses the emotion, that is, "the spring festival is praying for the life of the grain, and the autumn festival is reported to the grain of the grain", that is, the "spring prayer and autumn newspaper" Essence

During the Tang and Song dynasties, the social day activities were particularly prosperous, and there were a lot of records in the Tang poems. The poem of "Social Day" of King Tang's "Social Day" wrote: "The rice beams under the goose lakes, the sheets of the dolphins are half -covered. The mulberry shadow is scattered in the spring society, and the family supports it into intoxication." "Society" poem: "On the day of the Ming Dynasty, neighboring Qu Le Nianfeng. The rice crab rain was exhausted, and the sea atmosphere was empty. No need to be a puppet, you can rely on heaven.

The "Tokyo Menghua Record · Autumn Society" of the Song of the Song Dynasty recorded more detailed: "August Autumn Society, each with social cakes and social wines. , Duck cakes, ginger ginger, cut as chess pieces, tuned the taste, spread on the board, and the social meal, please provide it. Everyone who returns to the foreigner, returning late, that is, the foreign wife and wife are all new gourds, all of them are new gourds, Jubaer is legacy, vulgar Yunyiliang's nephew. "On the day of Qiuhe, everyone made a rich ingredients, and when they married a woman, they had to return to their mother's house. When they went home at night, everyone returned with rich food.

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