In "Non -Twelve Sons", the thinker Xunzi criticized 12 ancient thinkers

Hello everyone, today we continue to introduce Confucian thinkers: Xunzi's thoughts. Today we introduce the sixth "Non -Twelve Sons" in "Xunzi". Zi, all of which are the objects of Xunzi criticized. So what should Xunzi criticize them and how do they criticize?

Xunzi said that in this era, those doctrines of the fans are evil, and there are too many cunning remarks. These people and these remarks have disturbed the world, confused the people, and make people feel muddy. criticism.

First of all, Xunzi criticized the two people of the Yang Zhuxue faction [xiāo] and Wei Mu [mù]. He said that they let their own evil nature, wanton to do nothing but have no guilt. If you want to govern the country, you also say that there are well -founded roots. It is a representative of the Yang Zhuxue faction of the Taoist family during the Warring States Period and Wei Mu [mù]. They have not many information. ]. The Yang Zhu school is one of the Taoist schools during the Warring States Period. Their basic claims are: Gui Ji, for me and reborn for me. Taoist Lao Tzu advocates "heavy things and governance". Yang Zhu developed this ideological point of Lao Tzu and formed his own ideas.

Yang Zhu said: "Ancient people, harm the world, do not follow; know that the world is in the world, not taking it. Everyone does not harm a few times, everyone is not good for the world, and the world is cured."

In ancient times, even if they lost their own hair that was good for the people in the world, they were unwilling to give it; he did not want to obtain the property of the whole world, and he was unwilling to obtain it. Everyone does not deliberately damage themselves to benefit the world, nor does it get benefits from the people of the world, so the world can be well treated. This is the main idea of ​​Yang Zhuxue. In fact, it continues and carry forward the idea of ​​Taoism.

However, many people have criticized Yang Zhu's thoughts, thinking that this is a selfish thought, especially if he criticizes him "damage the world, not with the same", and never do it. The matter, this seems a bit incompetent, for example, in Xunzi's view, they just let go of their evil nature. But in fact, this is not the original intention of Yang Zhuxue. In "Liezi Yang Zhu", Yang Zhu said that it is not that I lose a little hair and it is beneficial to the people of the world. I don’t want to do it. Things itself does not exist. It is impossible for me to lose a slightest hair. It is impossible for this kind of thing to happen.

In fact, to a certain extent, Yang Zhu's thought is a kind of personalist thought based on rationality and self -interest. This idea is very close to our economics theory today. When the modern economics of "Father of Economics" Adam Smith, it is actually based on a person's reason and self -interest. Adamsmi said in the classic of "National Wealth": the food we need every day And drinks are not the grace of the butcher, winemaker or bakers, but because of their own intended plans. Well, more of Yang Zhu's thoughts, you can watch the "Yang Zhu" of my previous Liezi series, which will not be expanded here.

We continue to look at Xunzi's criticism of Chen Zhong and Shi Yan Qiū. Xunzi said that they forced their desires and nature. , And can also say good argument, say that it is reasonable, confusing and ignorant people, Chen Zhong and Shi Yan are such people.

Chen Zhong and Shi Yan were also representatives of Yang Zhu Xuepai during the Warring States Period. They were more arrogant and Wei Mu's rebirth. They belonged to the thoughts of Yang Zhuxue. Striving for life. It is said that at that time, King Chu heard that Chen Zhongxue knew his profound and wanted to reuse him, and sent someone to bring heavy money to hire him to look at it. Chen Zhongqing clearly realized that the essence of the ruler of various countries was the same unrequited, so he resigned and refunded the gift. This story is a bit like Zhuangzi's story of King Chu.

Next, we continued to watch Xunzi's criticism of Mo Zhai and Song Yan. Xunzi said that some people do not know the importance of governing the world and establishing a ceremony system. The difference between the monarchs and ministers, Mo Zhai and Song Yan are such people. Mo Zhai is Mozi, the founder of the Mo Family School, the Song Dynasty during the Warring States Period, and the Mo Jia and Confucianism were "Xue Xue" during the Warring States Period.

At the time, they were very famous, and their views were also tit -for -tat. The core idea of ​​the Mojia School was "both love and non -attack". It advocated that there was no difference in love between people, and there was no difference in equal love, and also resolutely opposed any war between the princes. Mozi opposes the ethical thoughts of Confucianism's "love is poor", and also opposes the tedious etiquette system of Confucianism, and advocates use. Previously, our "Mozi" series said a lot. Interested friends can read the previous content Essence Here Xunzi emphasizes the importance of social hierarchy, which is part of social order.

In addition, Song Yan was born around 370 BC, also known as Song Zi. He was a famous philosopher during the Warring States Period and the founder and representative of Song Yinxue. Many people may not be familiar with the Song Yin school. They inherit the ideas of Lao Tzu's natural way, and the ideas of legal homes and Confucianism are "lustful" and "forbidden to attack sleeping soldiers". They believe that human nature is widow Desire is not more desire, while opposing attacks and war, advocating to stop military affairs, and oppose the merger war between princes. In short, it is a way of restraining desire and advocating a desire to clear their hearts, and Xunzi believes that they emphasize too much emphasis and ignore the needs of normal people and social ethics. Well, today we shared the criticism of Xunzi for Yang Zhu Xue School, and the criticism of the Song Yizi of Mo Mo, Chen Zhong and Shi Yan, and the Mo Jiaxue, and Song Yin Xuepai's criticism. It can be seen two points:

On the one hand, Xunzi tends to maintain the existing level of social order and opposes the idealism of Mohir and Taoist thoughts;

On the other hand, Xunzi also opposed to leave the social reality, and also opposed to excessive selfishness or restraint desire. In Xunzi's view, this is not a human nature.

From these two aspects, we can actually see the realistic colors of Xunzi's thoughts, and they are more actively entering the WTO and governing the country without any idealism. Do you prefer the thoughts of Xunzi, or the thought of other thinkers? Welcome to talk about your thoughts in the comment area.

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