Autumn equinox · Feng Qing Lu Colding Autumn During Half of the World Harvesting everywhere 丨 Folk Calendar · Twenty -Four solar terms

Author:Cover news Time:2022.09.21

Cover reporter Li Yuxin

"The autumnal pole is still there, Zhulu Xi is slightly slightly." Qiu Yi gradually flourished, crab fat chrysanthemum yellow. Autumn is high, and the fourth solar terms in autumn arrive quietly.

"In the autumnal equinox, the yin and yang are half -phase, so the day and night are all cold and summer." It is not difficult to see from the name of the autumn equinox. On this day, the yin and yang are half -like, and the deserted wind is clear. At the same time, this day is just in the middle of the 90 -day fall from the beginning of autumn to frost, which has the meaning of "divide the autumn color", so it is named "autumnal equinox".

In the past, autumn equinox was extremely important in the twenty -four solar terms. Because the autumnal equinox was a traditional "Moon Festival", and the Mid -Autumn Festival has evolved from "Autumn Festival Festival Moon". In addition, since 2018, each autumn equinox will be set up as "Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival" every year. In this solar terms, people enjoy the joy of bumper harvest, and cherish one of the few cool and autumn days. "People in Chengdu often say,‘ one autumn equinox, short -line during the day, and long -lasting at night ’. After that, the temperature gradually decreases, cold and one night.” Folk expert Liu Xiaochang said.

Stick to the mouth

The beautiful vision of pinching the rice harvest

"One wait thunder starts to accept the sound; the second waiting of the insect household; the three waiting water begins." Open the ancient book records, you can see that the ancients scratched the autumn equinox into three, meaning that the thunder was sounded because of the yang. So after the autumn equinox, no longer thunder. At the same time, the weather became cold. "The weather is dry after the autumnal equinox, so the amount of water in the lake and the river becomes less, and some swamps and pudding begin to dry up." Liu Xiaochang said.

Southern Song Mahe's "Moon Sound Map" Liaoning Provincial Museum Collection

When the autumnal point is coming, the farmer is naturally busy. Golden autumn is cool, rice is fragrant, and Liu Xiaochang described that at this time it was just a busy season for autumn harvest, autumn plowing, and autumn. "After the rice is harvested, the farmer must be busy plowing the land and prepare for sowing. In addition to accumulating fertilizer and composting, it still takes advantage of the good weather in autumn to dry the new valley."

When it comes to the autumn equinox custom of the farmhouse, it is very interesting. It also has to count the "sticky bird's mouth", which is mainly popular in the surrounding rural areas. "In the past, farmers in the suburbs of Lao Chengdu, most of the days of the autumn equinox were not working, and they would take a day." According to Liu Xiaochang, the farmers also eaten the dumplings of brown sugar sesame stuffing on this day, but women in the family packed the day before the day before During the dumplings, there will always be a few white dumplings that do not include stuffing.

"After cooking these white dumplings, then cool it, put it up on the tip of a slender bamboo pole, and then insert these bamboo poles in the corner of the field to let the birds peck the dumplings." It turned out that the intention of this move was that the farmers hope that the sticky dumplings can stick to the sparrow's mouth, lest they eat food seeds to destroy crops. "Sometimes my wife at home, while thinking about a few words, let the birds say that the birds eat the dumplings and don't destroy the crops. Of course, the custom of the peasant's sticky mouth also implies a beautiful wish, that is hope The rice harvest is harvested, and the planted crops can not be damaged. "

Wangnan Jixing

Get a good sign

Push the time forward, you can find a very old autumnal equinox custom called "waiting for Antarctica". But at the moment, few people have known this custom.

"This custom is looking at Antarctic Star. Until the 1930s and 1940s, it was still very popular in the old Chengdu." Liu Xiaochang recalled that because China was located in the northern hemisphere, the Antarctic Star can only be seen after the autumn equinox in one year. It is easy to disappear. And in the cognition of the ancients, the Antarctic Star was regarded as Antarctica, which is the Shouxing, and believed that it was a god who was in charge of longevity. The ancients recognized Antarctic Star as a symbol of Xiangrui, so on the day of the autumn equinox, they went to look at this star stay.

"Mountain Autumn Color Picture" Wuhan Museum Collection

In the "Historical Records of the Book of Tiandiguan": "Elderly Antarctica, public security; often in autumn equinox, wait for the southern suburbs." On the day of autumn equinox, the emperors led the group ministers to welcome Antarctic Star in the southern suburbs.

For the ordinary people of Chengdu in the old days, seeing Antarctic Stars in the autumnal equinox is also a sign of extremely auspiciousness. "Although there are not many opportunities to see Antarctic Star in the autumnal equinox day, people still have hope. Usually, before the sky is, the whole family gets up and stands on the streets of the street or pond. When you are lucky, you will look at this Antarctic Star. "Liu Xiaochang said specially that the time to see the Antarctic Star is generally not bright morning, and it must be a clear night sky. Essence For the person who sees, it is a good sign.

"Since ancient times, the autumn is sad and lonely. The joy of harvest in the fields, when the people are more rich in food to taste, it is better to enjoy the few days of autumn and autumn, and it is not necessary to be hurt by the upcoming Xiaos scene.

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