I cultivated ancient books in Chengdu: "Fingertips Dance" through thousands of years

On September 18, the new type of coronary virus pneumonia in Chengdu issued a notice issued by the city in an orderly manner in the city in an orderly manner since September 19, 2022, and continued to strengthen the prevention and control of normal epidemic.

The fireworks are restarted, the city's public cultural venues have resumed openness one after another, and the cultural and creative industry has also pressed the start -up key again. It is the busy fighting at the beginning of the reunion.

The city flourish due to people, and people are vivid due to the city. Each cultural note beating in the city comes from the movement of every ordinary person. The birth of each work, the refreshing of each record, and the difficult performance of each scene, there is a "crazy" behind them.

Perhaps their ingenuity, maybe they are unique, or maybe their love and sincerity. Numerous stories of "cultural and creative madness" are shining and worthy of being recorded.

From now on, Tianfu Cultural and Innovation Cloud launched a series of "Cultural and Creative Madman" series, focusing on the secret and ordinary them around you and me.

In the first phase, we tell you the story of a post -95 ancient book repair division.

A few years ago, a series of documentary fires in the "I Repairing Cultural Relics in the Forbidden City" series of documentary fires broadcast by CCTV Record Channel recorded the process of repairing many rare treasures and the life stories of the restoration artists.

Except for the mysterious imagination of the "master", we can look directly at their eyes through the camera and approach their true life.

And around us, there is also such a post -95 ancient book repair division. He uses "fingertips dance" to lead us to find resonance in time.

Under the shadowless light, Chen Jixing's breath was stunned, holding a brush in his hands, and carefully dipped in the paste, filled the thin cicada wings with paper to the damage of the ancient book pages, one, two, and three ...

Compared to the Repair Center of the Ancient Books of the Sichuan Library two years ago, the method of the post -95s ancient book repair division has become more skilled and sophisticated. Can find a balance and order in the more than a dozen complicated repair processes of folding, water spraying, cutting pages, and equalizing.

Photo source: Provided by the respondent

"His hands shuttled back and forth between ancient books and moved back and forth, like a fingertip dance that passed through thousands of years, looking for those far, blurred, and true resonances in the long time."

One paper nail, a cotton line, connected to the dusty literature ... The records of the dynasty, the legend of the benevolence, and the family's genealogy of ordinary people "renovated the new life" at the fingertips.

"Repairing books is like a process of cultivation. From the confusion when I get started, to encounter various difficulties and frustrations, to slowly calm down, and now from the love of my heart. My awareness of the restoration of ancient books has also deepened —— Not only must you repair each book of ancient books, but he should also shoulder the responsibility of protecting traditional non -heritage skills. "Chen Jixing said in an interview with the reporter of" Daily Economic News ".

"We hope that in the future, more and more young people will join in, so that this ancient technique will glow with new vitality and have more possibilities," Chen Jixing said.

01

Ancient books usually refer to paper literature by writing or printing before 1912. It is not limited to books, calligraphy, painting, inscriptions, and paddles in this category. Although it is often said that "paper life is thousands of years", no matter how good the ancient books are, it is difficult to reach the long time.

In the middle of history, ancient books will more or less acidify, flocch, aging, mildew, mouse mesh, worm and other diseases. It is all black mold, endangering survival.

As a province of literature, Sichuan is very serious due to the special region and the climate of the climate all year round. At present, there are more than 2 million copies (pieces) of paper cultural relics collected by the Sichuan museum, of which more than half of them need to be repaired.

The ancient book repair division is a profession that needs to consume a lot of time, energy and patience. They usually not only need to be familiar with the techniques such as engraving, mounting, calligraphy, etc., but also to understand the paper, book skin and binding style of various dynasties.

Image source: GoChengdu enough Chengdu

Before engaging in the restoration of ancient books, Chen Jixing did traditional music research, and Sichuan Jiangzi and Sichuan opera were his interests. Later, by chance, Chen Jixing entered the Sichuan Library Repair Center. "Because of the influence of family from an early age, I have a strong interest in many traditional art and non -heritage skills," Chen Jixing said.

To a certain extent, Chen Jixing's deeper traditional culture accumulation opened the door to the repair of ancient books.

Although repairing an ancient book often goes through more than a dozen or even dozens of procedures. The tricks and one way are extremely sophisticated, and the requirements for the restoration of ancient books are almost harsh.

However, Chen Jixing was lucky. As soon as he entered the Ancient Books Repair Center, he harvested a good teacher -the oldest ancient book repair division of the ancient book repair center. The intangible cultural heritage Sichuan calligraphy and painting mounting repair technique Yuan Dongzhang.

In the past 40 years of the repair circle of ancient books, the various precious ancient books, calligraphy and painting, and the materials of the graphic files repaired by Yuan Dongzhang were as many as 355, 4088 volumes, and the total amount exceeded 55,000 leaves. There are 25 types, 190 volumes, and 7350 leaves. Among them, there are many treasures and solitary books in the Treasure of the Sichuan Library Town "Hongwu Nanzang".

Traditionally, the study method of ancient books repair divisions generally follows the inheritance system of masters and apprentices. Under Yuan Dongzhang's speech and careful guidance, Chen Jixing successfully crossed the initial threshold of the repair of ancient books. "When I first started, I was full of awe of the reimbursement of ancient books, and I was worried about my heart. I was afraid that I couldn't do it well and couldn't sit still." Chen Jixing said, "Later, Master asked me to talk to me. But it is not easy to really learn it well. You must have a sense of awe of ancient books, and you need to have patience, perseverance, and responsibility. Under the guidance of Master, I slowly transform this pressure into a sense of mission. "

"Repairing the book like a spiritual mind" is the truth of Yuan Dongzhang's teaching to Chen Jixing, and he also performs his own practice in the repair of ancient books: restore the original appearance of ancient books, so that the hearts of the writer's hearts a hundred years ago beating again between the words.

Image source: GoChengdu enough Chengdu

02

To repair an ancient book, you need to "correct the right medicine". For different degrees of damage, materials, etc., different repair plans are formulated. For a few days and long months, it is several months.

For example, at the beginning of this year, when the damaged "Wenxin Eagle Dragon" was taken out of the basement house, the paper fiber was aging, and the yellowed book leaves were fragile and sticky to each other; Chen Jixing's master Yuan Dongzhang took 4 months to successfully rescue the ancient book.

"There are more than 20 steps for a complete ancient book repair process, and each step is crucial, mainly including key steps such as archives production, materials preparation, disassembly, supplementary, folding, cutting, flatting, and binding." Chen Chen. "Chen Chen." Chen Chen. "Chen Chen." Chen Jixing introduced to reporters.

Maybe in the eyes of ordinary people, the working day of the ancient book repair division has not changed much, but in fact the problem faced by the repair division is extremely complicated and difficult. "From the disassembly of the early period of ancient books, to the production of files, to the preparation of materials, facing each page page, the problems we encountered are ever -changing." Chen Jixing said.

From sour to paper dyeing paper, to repair and ordering, the repair of ancient books is like "surgery". Each step needs to be careful and not to be wrong.

First of all, it is necessary to clean the ancient books and complete the paper. This is the most critical step. At the same time, the repair of ancient books and the emphasis on "repairing the old" not only requires the material, texture and texture of the ancient books, but also require similar colors. "These tests of the method of restoration of ancient books, and the deployment of multiple repair tools."

Image source: GoChengdu enough Chengdu

The first ancient book completed by Chen Jixing was the "Tao Family Spectrum" in the 21st year of the Republic of China. This is also the first time he has made a file, the first time he selected paper, the first independent repair, the first cut hammer book, and the first binding ...

"Among them, I encountered many problems and often fell into anxiety in front of the workbench, but every time Master would be indifferent, and he was very patient to guide me to solve the problem. In Master's body, I realized the power of 'cultivation'. Since then, my mentality has gradually changed. "Chen Jixing said.

After counting countless times between the warehouse and the workbench, after experiencing countless nights of quiet nights, the first ancient book was re -rebuilt in the hands of Chen Jixing. At that moment, his heart was firmly occupied by his sense of accomplishment and pride.

Since its establishment, the Sichuan Provincial Ancient Book Repair Center has restored 498 ancient books, 4489 volumes (pieces), and a total of over 55,000 leaves, including the "Tea Scripture" selected as the "Tea Scripture" selected as the "National Return to the National Level". Ten Volumes of the Spring and Autumn Period of Zuo's Biography "and Ming Hongwu Nanjing carved" Ming Hongwu Nanzang "and other 25 kinds.

Talking about the focus of the restoration of ancient books, Chen Jixing told reporters, "Most of the ancient books in our collections are medical books and family genealogy. In addition, these two types of ancient books are demanding, so the two can be regarded as our focus of" rescue repair "."

However, Chen Jixing also said frankly, "In fact, every ancient book in our hands is the same precious. We need to treat them equally and let those books that are damaged in the long river restore their original appearance and functions."

Photo source: Provided by the respondent

03

Repairing technology of ancient books is a culture that has been circulating for thousands of years. According to incomplete records, the ancient Shu faction had a stunt "borrowing corpses to return the soul", the Beijing faction "beads union", the Tianjin faction "Thousands of Swords", and the "rebirth of the bath fire" of Yang faction and Su faction. However, time, many ancient craftsmanship has long been lost and it is difficult to find.

For the new generation of ancient books repair divisions, it is difficult to learn the long -lost repair stunts. At the same time, for the field of "low fault tolerance rate" such as the repair of ancient books, the accumulation of ancient books' repair experience is not important, and it is by no means a day. "Experience is particularly important in the career of the ancient book repair division. Eye view, smell, and body sensation all tests the comprehensive judgment of the ancient book repair division. Do not rush to achieve success."

"In the past, the judgment of the paper depends on the hands of the Master. This is accumulated through time and experience. Said, due to lack of sufficient experience, we need to use some instruments to help us. "Chen Jixing said.

"At present, our repair center has a special laboratory, equipped with a tearr, folding instrument, fiber measuring instrument, professional laboratory PH/ORP/temperature measurement instrument, AE series balance, whiteness instrument, and ancient book repair microscope set And high -tech instruments such as electronic tensile test machines. "Chen Jixing told reporters.

Photo source: Provided by the respondent

In fact, the opening of a series of new technologies is making this traditional skill more refined and programmatic. For example, the application of the thickness meter and the paper fiber analyzer can more accurately calculate the thickness and composition of the book's leaves in order to accurately match the paper supplement; and the acid meter can accurately measure the folic acid degree of the book, thereby detecting the effects of ancient books repairing and dehydrating effect. Essence At the same time, with the development of digital technology, some precious ancient documents in the Library of Sichuan Province have been photocopied and re -created. ; A group of ancient books have also been made into e -books for readers to read on the network digital reading platform.

"This method can shorten the distance between ordinary readers and ancient books. Renewable protection of ancient books will allow the lonely to be lonely and incarnate." Luo Hanyi, associate research library research library and deputy director of the ancient books of the Sichuan Province, pointed out.

In addition, the reporter also observed that the accelerated development of cutting -edge technology, especially the emergence of artificial intelligence and big data technology, brought revolutionary changes to the restoration of ancient books. OCR (optical character recognition), AI sentence reading, physical identification and other technologies continue to iterate in the field of ancient books.

Based on artificial intelligence technology, my country has established a number of ancient books to organize automation and visualization platforms. For example, the "Song and Yuan Case" knowledge diagram visualization system "has conducted text processing and analysis of the 2.4 million words of" Song and Yuan Academic Cases ", and more than 2,000 people, time, and place involved in nearly 100 academic genres involved in the Song and Yuan dynasties. The extraction of the work and other works into a knowledge map.

Image source: GoChengdu enough Chengdu

Looking back on the trail. Since China began to implement the "Chinese Ancient Books Protection Plan", and the ancient book repair skills were officially selected into the national intangible cultural heritage representative project list, after more than ten years of unremitting efforts, and a series of vast basic work of ancient books, the current classification of ancient Chinese books The protection system is basically established. The ancient book repair division like Chen Jixing has grown rapidly from less than a hundred people in that year. Numerous people who love ancient books with their love for ancient books have joined in. Or modern, fight against the torrent of time.

Ancient book repair division is like a group of "soul catchers" who raced with time. From the vast underground warehouse, they did not know tirelessly and preserved the ancient people's thoughts, old sorrows and grievances, and the spiritual spirit of the Chinese humanistic spirit. The dense "nostalgia".

Daily Economic News

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