When did the title of "Chairman Mao" be formed?

When did the title of "Chairman Mao" be formed?

Whether in formal document works or in movies and TV films, we can often see and hear the title of "Chairman Mao". "Chairman Mao" was once the most popular, widespread, most noble and sacred title in China.

Has a curious person inquire: When did the title of "Chairman Mao" be formed? How is it formed?

This is of course related to the party's history and the relevant regulations of the party constitution.

From one to six, the position of the top leader of the Communist Party of China has been the secretary, chairman, and general secretary. By the sixth National Congress of 1928, Xiang Zhongfa was still the general secretary of the Central Committee, but he was the "Chairman" in the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. According to the Party Constitution of the Sixth National Congress, the General Secretary was elected by the Central Committee, and the chairman of the sixth National Congress to Zhongfa was only elected by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. It can be seen that the general secretary's authority is higher than the chairman.

After being arrested and rebelled in June 1931, according to the speech at the Central Political Bureau meeting in mid -to -late November 1943 during the Bogu rectification period: "After Xiang Zhongfa was arrested, the temporary Central Politburo" Ming, Zhou, Lu, and Bo people) 'The decision is not the general secretary. "Therefore, in the 1930s, Bogu and Zhang Wentian were called responsible, and it was difficult to determine whether to serve as the general secretary. One decision is related.

In September 1938, at the expanded Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, Wang Jiaxiang, who had just returned from Moscow to Yan'an, conveyed the message of the Communist International General Secretary of the Communist International Secretary of the Communist Party. To solve the problem of unified leadership with Mao Zedong, the central leadership agency must have an intimate and united air. This instructions of the Communist International played an important role in establishing Mao Zedong's leadership position.

After the Sixth Plenary Session, Zhang Wentian gradually transferred the responsible work within the party to Mao Zedong. Since the beginning of 1939, although the central meeting is still hosted by Zhang Wentian, the Central Secretariat has been working with Zhang Wentian, but in fact, Zhang Wentian is no longer responsible for the party. After the Politburo meeting in July and August 1939, Zhang Wentian was actually only responsible for the work of the Ministry of Publicity and the Ministry of Education of the Cadre. In May 1940, Zhang Wentian and the Central Secretariat moved to Yang Jialing, where Mao Zedong lived, and handed over all the work of the central government, only responsible for publicizing the work of the Ministry of Education and the Marxist -Leninum Academy.

On March 20, 1943, the Central Politburo meeting passed the "Decision on the Adjustment and Streaming of the Central Institution" and selected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Politburo and the chairman of the Secretariat. The secretary of the Secretariat was convened by the chairman, and the issues discussed in the meeting had the right to decide the final decision (the right to deal with daily work).

In this way, Mao Zedong finally became the main leader of the party, but from the perspective of the organization, the "chairman" at this time was not the chairman selected by the Central Committee. If Zhang Wentian has always been the general secretary of the general secretary, then Mao Zedong can certainly not be the general secretary without the election of the Central Plenary. It is necessary to do the necessary procedures to be the chairman of the whole party.

From May 21, 1944 to April 20, 1945, the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee was held. At the first meeting on the first day, the Presidium was formed by Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Ren Bishi, and Zhou Enlai. At the same time, during the meeting, the Politburo and the Secretariat stopped meeting, and the daily work of the party was handled by the presidium.

It was also at the first day of the meeting that it also made an important decision, that is, Liu Shaoqi's proposal to use the former Politburo Chairman Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Central Committee. This decision many people don't know, or not noticed. Party history works are basically not mentioned. But a simple decision on the surface is related to a very important rule and personnel.

First of all, Mao Zedong finally not only served as the chairman of the Political Bureau and the Central Secretariat, but also officially served as the chairman of the Central Committee. Mao Zedong's chairman was finally expanded by the Central Plenary Session.

Secondly, because this is a decision made by the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, it is completely in line with the program. This is also the first chairman of the Central Committee (rather than General Secretary) selected by the Party's history. Mao Zedong became the veritable leader of the whole party.

Of course, there was no chairman's position in the six major party constitutions that were still effective at that time. How to meet the requirements of the Central Committee and the needs of actual life with the requirements of the party constitution, it is still to be held in the party congress and the party constitution.

Such moments finally arrived. In 1945, the seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China was approved for the first time, and finally set up the chairman of the Central Committee for the first time. The seven major party constitutions were checked, and the word "chairman" was used everywhere: "The Central Committee of the Central Committee elected the Central Politburo and the Central Secretariat, and the chairman of the Central Committee was elected." With the chairman of the Central Secretariat. " Guide supervision. "

The party constitution also stipulated for the first time to set up the Central Secretariat. "The Central Secretary handles the daily work of the central government under the resolution of the Politburo."

These regulations marked the implementation of the chairman's system of the Party Central Committee. At the Seventh Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China composed of 13 people including Mao Zedong was elected, and Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Ren Bishi were elected as the secretary of the Central Secretariat. Mao Zedong was elected as the chairman of the Central Committee, while being chairman of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the chairman of the Central Secretariat. In this way, if the Central Political Bureau decided in 1943, by 1976, Mao Zedong served as chairman of 33 years. If it was officially the chairman of the Central Committee in 1944, Mao Zedong served as the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 32 years. If the Seven National Congress was officially elected as the chairman of the Central Committee in 1945, Mao Zedong served as the chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 31 years.

Of course, the title of "Chairman Mao" has been used since 1931. Why 12 or 14 years earlier? Because when the Chinese Soviet Republic was established in 1931, it was approved by the Communist International and the decision of the Party Central Committee. Therefore, the title of "Chairman Mao" was called in the Central Soviet Area. But then it was not the chairman of the Party Central Committee, but the chairman of the Interim Central Government. (Story inside and outside the party constitution)

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