[Culture History and Heroes] Zhang Shanzi's Anti -Japanese War ‖ Wang Yi

Zhang Shanzi's Anti -Japanese War

Wang Yi

In the history of Chinese Anti -Japanese War, Zhang Shanzi is one of the most meaningful painters. He has played the chairman and chief executive director of the National Fine Arts Association of China, and led the Chinese anti -enemy art with "uniting national artists, promoting the anti -Japanese work, and developing the national revolutionary art". It is an award in the international community with art, and has been awarded in the international community, and has become the only painter to praise the National Government during the Anti -Japanese War. Its road is wide and far away, the creative creativity has a strong social consciousness and sense of national righteousness, forming a distinctive artistic style, highlighting the special aesthetic value, and reflecting the diverse cultural structure, especially in the Chinese Anti -Japanese War art art. Construction aspect.

Zhang Shanzi (1882-1940), a native of Neijiang, Sichuan, Zhang Daqian. Gong poems, good literature, fine identification, landscapes, figures, flowers and birds paintings are omnipotent, especially for painting tigers. A master of a master "" Master "and" Famous Patriotic Painters ".

Zhang Shanzi Xingyi art world, righteous art scene, enjoys the reputation of "wind and elegant leaders"

As a historical figure, he has both the style of the style and elegant art world, as well as the martial arts of Zeng (Guofan) Hu (Lin Yi) to rule the soldiers (with the "Zenghu Zhi Bing Review" volume); he has both breasts The creativity of Tibetan eternal British fierce figures also has the talents of the corner of the corner; he has both the artist's clouds and risks, but also the strong arms of the battlefield. He has both the style of Confucianism and the perspective of standing in politics; he has both the process of reading through thousands of volumes and traveling to Asia, Europe and the United States; Bait; he has both painters and poets' ability to express his ability and political diplomat; he has the wisdom of the national fighter and the major influence of the international community; he has both the style of the cultural hero and the nationals The government presented the praise; he had both the superhuman complex of the tiger and the "Declaration of the Anti -Japanese War" ...

Undoubtedly, Zhang Shanzi is an artist who combines martial arts with Wenzhi in modern history. His honor and influence (such as the National Government's order commending), especially in some areas (such as in Europe and the United States), many painters in that era cannot be compared, including Xu Beihong, Ye Qianyu, Wu Zuoren, Fu Baoshi, etc. They are also important contributors to the Chinese anti -Japanese war art.

Zhang Shanzi's "Cultural Anti -Japanese War" has a unique performance and has a wide range of communication and far -reaching characteristics. It makes people emotion. The humanistic style and special combat power of artists such as Shanzi. This power, the excitement of the national spirit, the hard work of the generals of the generals in front, has a strong role in promoting the improvement of the people's spirit.

Zhang Shanzi's "Declaration of Anti -Japanese War" is very distinctive. Whether it is the theme of painting, or the poems and inscriptions of painting, they have complementarity and integrity between each other. There are even some poems and inscriptions. In summary, his "declaration" is generally divided into two categories, one is tiger prestige, and the other is positive gas. The so -called tiger (including the power of the lion roar and the "four virtues" composed of loyal and filial piety of horses, dogs, sheep and other animals) shows the Chinese nation with the enemy of the Chinese nation through the anthropomorphicization of the tiger and the momentum of the world. The power of "male king wind"; so -called righteousness is to complete the national spirit construction by showing the representatives of the Chinese festivals and Yingjie and their personality (including worship), thereby greatly advocating the vastness and heroic spirit of the Chinese nation. Stimulate people's patriotic feelings (when the national fate is in a lot of fate, the nation is in danger, especially this worship and display, in order to advocate the national spirit and national fighting spirit, strengthen the belief of China's victory and Japanese invaders). The one is animal, especially the tiger; the other is the character, especially the man of the righteousness. The theme manifestation not only focuses on the mighty symbol and meaning (tiger) of the king's style, but also emphasizes the flags of national sages (characters) culture from the province, conscious wisdom, and positive energy.

It is also worth discussing the creative thinking of Zhang Shanzi's "Declaration of the Anti -Japanese War." In Zhang Shanzi's experience, he had a military career, and he had been in several battles. However, in Zhang Shanzi's works, a work of bloody and Japanese troops has never been painted by the work of the war. On the contrary, he is always wonderful. With the "mighty" of the tiger's attributes to convey the unshakable power of China, and convey the information that the Chinese invaders must lose. This performance content not only highlights the characteristics of China's anti -Japanese war art, but also opened the precedent of Chinese anti -Japanese art.

In the works of creation, Zhang Shanzi pays great attention to the prominentness of the heroes of the Yingjie Ying Dynasty, especially the representatives represented by Wen Tianxiang's "Song of Zhengqi". The national soul, shaping the national style, and thus becoming a string of strong tones unique to his anti -Japanese art.

Zhang Shanzi's tiger prestige (including lion roar) was completed by anthropomorphic. His representative works are the first huge work "Roar, China" (two feet long, one foot two feet wide). The picture is 28 tigers, representing 28 provinces in China at that time. These tigers go all over the group, symbolizing the spirit of the Anti -Japanese War. The direction of the tiger tiger is the place where the west is at dusk. The clouds in the sky are set up with a shot, which is very symbolic. The tiger rushed towards a sunset with a roar, reflecting the determination of the Chinese people to "do not cut the orchids without returning the orchids". The poem "The Great King Wind, the Great King Wind, the Great King of the Great Roar! Shaking the river, swallowing the clown" poem, which complement the picture of the picture, paint the anti -combat spirit of the Chinese nation, conveys the power of the Chinese nation represented by the tiger, The "roar" was the strongest voice of China's anti -Japanese war art and opened the precedent of the giant propaganda painting of the Chinese Anti -Japanese War. This work not only printed into pictures widely distributed, but also promoted in several journals, the influence reached the level of street talks, and inspired the feelings of "ten million strong men to guard the territory" and "man who reported to the country with their own party", so that people for decades Later, I still missed Zhang Shanzi's heroic spirit of "I will raise my tiger, regain the loss, destroy this greedy wolf". Zhang Shanzi took a photo in front of "Roar, China" (with the "Biography of the Positive Songs")

In the New Year in 1938, Zhang Shanzi once again created a huge painting "Bad and Progressive, Consecrated Roar". The painting is the sister's article of "Roar, China", and it is also the continuation of the "roar" of the Chinese nation as brave as a tiger. He has the "howling" of the lion with the "howling" of the tiger, and has a special effect of anthropomorphic. This "transfer call" makes it more ideal and magnificent and the power of rowing mountains, which constitute a special aesthetic judgment and value judgment. The progress of this "roar", instead of expressing the situation of Zhang Shanzi's victory and fighting against the enemy, it is better to express the determination of the Chinese nation to fight against the enemy. It has the typical significance of the "roar" of the times. value. This "roar" is not only a disturbing sound that Japanese invaders smell, but also the voice of a great nation that can hear the world!

It is worth discussing Zhang Shanzi's "Flying Tiger". The significance of giving Feihu "flying" is open -minded, and the special force of Feihu symbolizes the special force of the Chinese Anti -Japanese War (Air Force) is Zhang Shanzi, pioneered. This first, it is related to the young horse career he has experienced and the potential heroes and soldiers, but also related to his advocating General Li Guang of the Han Dynasty, but also with his special artistic potential and super art imagination. "related. When these people integrate and break through the time and space, Zhang Shanzi's flying tiger creative came into being.

In the works created by Zhang Shanzi, he seems to be particularly expressed in the fellowship of Flying Tiger. Representative paintings include "Flying Tiger Pictures" (multiple) and "Han Jiafei General" (multiple). , And the group's flying tiger showed a variety of appearances. Experience these flying tigers makes people feel his inner blowout and the activation of thoughts. These pictures of tiger -born wings are published in the "Chinese Air Force" magazine and published "Biography of Zhengqi Songs", which emphasizes that he has an option of "Hanjiafei General" -the Chinese Air Force. The artistic conception of painting poems, "Haohao long wind, tiger wings can not only fight in the forest, but also chase the sky. It is the flying general of the Han family. Ugly, the country is prestigious in the Far East. When you wait for the Qiong Cup to wish you, the painting of the tiger. "In New York, the United States, Zhang Shanzi sent General Chen Nade's painting is also" Flying Tiger Picture ". Fully imagine and huge complexes, as well as the consciousness and extraordinary performance of the passing era.

"Flying Tiger Picture" Zhang Shanzi (containing "China Air Force", No. 1, 1938)

As for Zhang Shanzi's extra creativity, in the limited information, the author can be traced back to the winter of 1935, that is, "Yunhu" and poem he created. The tiger broke the clouds, and it was very powerful, with the spirit of "raising the head as the tail of the city". Among the tigers painted by Zhang Shanzi, the tiger is unique, that is, the tiger travels in the sky, and it is in the clouds. Previously, Zhang Shanzi's trace of the tiger was on the ground, or Changxiao Mountain Forest, or gathered in Xiquan to form a strong contrast with each other. The poem of this question is magnificent, and the subject of the picture complement the tiger in the cloud. The "attached wing" was the source of his imagination he later painted.

It is also worth discussing that at the end of 1937 and early 1938, Zhang Shanzi successively made a huge painting "Roar, China", "Bad and Progressive, Uniform Roar". The work has a brave and idealistic representation, which should be an important turning point for Zhang Shanzi to paint a tiger. If Zhang Shanzi painted the theme of the tiger before this, most of them described the "Tiger Father and Tiger Son" of Shan Jun, "Song Sheng Tiger", "Flying Spring Xiao Tiger", "Feng Congyun Society", "Wind and Well -born", "Long" " The status of Xiaoshan Forest "Hero Mang Mang" (including self -entertainment and self -intoxication), and then revealing class contradictions with a series of "Twelve Golden Maps", the irony and teasing of the current disadvantages and reality chaos. Criticism; then the theme of his painting tiger has leap in qualitatively, that is, the great anti -Japanese Japanese anti -Japanese Japan, which has a clear national spiritual symbol and publicity of national power. This rational sublimation, the expansion of this field of perspective, the magnification of this pattern, and the continuous completion of this consciousness and demonstration, which not only shows Zhang Shanzi's personality charm, but also makes the painting art of painting. The epoch -making signs of the work. It can also be said that the creation and influence of these works laid the foundation for him to be elected as the chairman and chief executive director and chief director of the National Art Circle of the National Art Community in June 1938. "Bad and Progressive, Consecrated Roar" Zhang Shanzi (Yan Liang for the picture)

The tiger howling yells and complements each other. It is the ingenuity and artistic contribution of Zhang Shanzi's creation with the attributes of tigers and lions, and even endorsing the Chinese nation. In order to cooperate with the government to commemorate the 1st anniversary of the "August 13" (August 13, 1937), Zhang Shanzi is still widely circulated on the basis of "Roar, China", "Bad and Progressive, Consecrated Roar". In May 1938, a more magnificent and shocking painting "China, Roar" was created. The work took the two major vegetarians to make a huge, drawing a male lion with anger and roaring, and stepped on the enemy of Japan, Japan, with a shocking power and a thunderous power. The records were recorded at the time (words), which was widely circulated at that time, "China roared, China roared. Who said that the Chinese nation is weak? Please see the anti -Japanese flames, shine on the entire earth. China roar and China roar. We have been united, the people are struggling, the pace is neat, and we do not recover. China roar and China roar. During this painting, he was emotional, his strength was very strong, and he was full of energy. As Zhang Muhan said in the article "The Er Yishan Brother", "Brother seized the pen and watched it, and he was indignant in color."

"China, Roar" is magnificent (including shape and content), pride (including individuals and ethnic groups), and an irresistible force produced by the combination of art and propaganda. "On the Taihang Mountain" and "The Volunteer's Army" is the same. The painting was printed into a publicity picture to the front line, which inspired the Chinese nation's anti -Japanese war and constituted an important chapter in the history of Chinese anti -Japanese war art.

In the New Year in 1939, Zhang Shanzi specially drew another "China, Weekly) cover for publishing" Heroes Soul (Weekly) ". The picture is a roar roar (more exaggerated than the previous one), standing upright, extremely angry, roaring shock, and stepped on Mount Fuji, Japan (the mountain is collapsed under the left foot of the lion, which means that Japanese imperialism must be necessary defeat). The sketch of Mount Fuji, the author's contempt, anger, and exciting thoughts, jumped in paper. These two male lions pictures, one first, one, one, a small, one, one simple, one work, one work, one work, one work and one work, which is very expressive and symbolic, inspiring the Chinese children's anti -war emotions.

In addition to drawing tigers, Zhang Shanzi is also particularly good at painting horses. He entered the depth of the Song people Li Gonglin's "the god of poverty". Therefore, in addition to the talents of the personality of tigers and lions to express the great national anti -Japanese war, Zhang Shanzi also used rhetoric to properly manize the horse to express the major theme of the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party during the Anti -Japanese War. In the early summer of 1937, he and Zhang Daqian's "Faithfulness of the Country" (also known as "Double Map") at the Suzhou Internet Teacher Park were examples. The main body of the picture is one of the jujube red and white steeds, and the hoof is synchronized. The first left in the left was "faithful to the country" for Zhang Shanzi. On the top right is Zhang Daqian's poem, "The Han family and the protocol, the proud horse is his hissing. Why is it from the flying general? Lian Xian plugged on the fat." The top right is the first time the national government chairman Lin Sen's title is "profound." In the painting, the two horses are synchronized with the color of the hoof and the color of the double horse (a jujube red, a pure white). It has multiple objects and images, which is clearly eye -catching. In particular, Zhang Shanzi's title and Zhang Daqian's poems are quoted by the scriptures. surface. At the same time, the painter's inscriptions and poems and poems expressed the entrustment of the "Flying General", which heralded the beautiful prospects of the "plug plus fertilizer" presented by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, that is, the "Han Family and Protocol", which made the then National Government. Chairman Lin Sen lamented "deep meaning".

"Biography of Positive Qi Songs" and "Positive Qi Songs" belong to the masterpieces of Zhang Shanzi's Zhengqi class, which echo the works such as "Roar, China", "Bad and Progressive, Consensus", "China, Roar" The expression concept and value system of Zhang Shanzi's anti -Japanese war art has the same significance of the same anti -Japanese art art.

After the "July 7th Incident" in 1937, the country was in trouble. Zhang Shanzi resolutely gave up his "net master" (fisherman) career in Suzhou and returned to Langxi, Anhui (where his parents' tomb). In Langxi, Zhang Shanzi not only meets the like -minded people to "rectify the place, lay the foundation for the rescue plan", but also engage in the "four -dimensional eight virtue" painting, and create "Biography of the Angel Songs" (also known as the "Ge Qi Ge image"). Display the charm of the ancient sages, the righteousness of Zhang Yang, spreading the positive energy of the nation, and inspiring the determination of the Chinese Anti -Japanese War. His mind expressed that from his letter to his younger brother Zhang Muhan, "the husband will be forgotten at this time. The first thing today is to save the country in danger. If the country is not guaranteed, what is the use of a hundred cities? Hate me non -martial arts cannot hold the Ge in the territory. Today I will write my loyalty with my brush. Zhi Shi, advocating the same people at home. If you live in the capital, do not depressed.

Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of the Angeles Song" and "The Map of Zhengqi Songs" have a model significance of national rejuvenation "personality saving the country" (there are many types of time to save the country, including "personality to save the country", that is, the supreme personality of the sages reflects the nation Justice, inspire the Chinese people to save the country), complement "the theory of the army from the army". Therefore, when the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" was exhibited in Wuhan, Hubei in February 1938, there was no shortage of sensational effects. As a result, as Zhang Shanzi said to Zhang Muhan: "At one time, the people of the Chaoge could cooperate with my work with the Anti -Japanese War. The president also hung the central government school, encouraged all students, and my heart was comforting. "

"Biography of Zhengqi Songs" Zhang Shanzi ("Liangyou Pictorial", March 1938)

In addition to the launch of the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" exhibition, Zhang Shanzi also painted "Fire Cow Broken Enemy Map" during Wuhan in 1938. It used the historical theme of the Shan Fire Cow to break the Yan Army during the Warring States Period, which was the unremitting Chinese anti -Japanese war. He also painted a large number of fans to distribute the front line to encourage the three armed soldiers to convey his anti -war feelings. In this regard, Zhang Muhan said: "When I saw my brother, the Japanese painting tiger in the Japanese, it would be said that it would be given the ahead of the general, and the spirit of the country was also reluctant."

The nation is in danger, and the husband is responsible. At that time, although many painters created the theme of the anti -Japanese war, they were not as good as Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of Zhengqi Songs". On the one hand, Wen Tianxiang's "Song of Zhengqi" represents the blood nature of the Chinese nation; on the other hand, Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of the Angeles Song" accurately reflects the essential attributes of "nation's righteousness and clear". Therefore, it not only shocked the people to see that "the martyrs can start with the enemy's arms differently", but also made Jiang Zhongzheng, the highest leader of Dangdang, made people "hang them at the Central Political School and encourage all students."

The creation of "The Biography of Zhengqi Songs" is unique, and the image complements the passage. Like Wen Tianxiang as the opening of the book of the whole book, the scene of Wen Tianxiang's generosity of "Song of the Qi" is fully prison. It is said that the future generations have affected Chinese history, so there is a saying that "the letter of the country's official documents is not dead Song without death". Zhang Shanzi used this as a creative theme, with Shi Jianjin, which inspired the people's sense of recognition of national culture, and expressed people's conscious consciousness and strong demands for maintaining the complete consciousness and strong demands of the motherland. The cohesion of the Chinese nation and an irresistible force. Jiang Zhongzheng's title "Righteousness" on the cover character of the book make it complement each other. The form of the book is intuitive, expressing the righteousness of the nation in painting, and cooperating with other ten other types of text books (including Jiang Zhongzheng's "Anti -Japanese War" and other such as "China Winning Theory", "Losing Donor and Save the Country", "Save the Country", etc., which constitute "War Books Books" greatly inspired the Chinese nation's anti -soldiers, reflecting the painter's long -flowing and strong social responsibility and "explanation history and uniqueness, but the gentlemen in the letter of the country and the gentlemen in the righteous song song. The great wisdom and cultivation of one picture (see Kong De became the order of the book). The cultivation of its nation's righteousness is known as "the regular model of modern people" and "the soul of the heroes of the Chinese nation."

"Biography of Zhengqi Songs" not only has a large amount of printing, but also has a reprinted and printed 3 times, which has a wide range of impacts. It is precisely because of the positive energy of the Chinese nation because of the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs", so Liu Feiqi deeply sighed in the preface of "The Biography of Zhengqi Songs": "Mr. Shanzi created great art with morality and carried forward with great art with great art. China's inherent righteousness, to enhance the people's noble thoughts with righteousness, and gain the effectiveness of national rejuvenation with noble thoughts. Treatment of the root cause, (Wen) Tianxiang and then are still creative! "

"The Biography of the Positive Songs" Zhang Shanzi, Jiang Zhongzheng's question "Righteous Qi"

As for the influence and role of the exhibition of the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs", only taking it in Yichang, Hubei as an example, it can be described as the empty lane. The big painter, well -known at home and abroad. He came to paint this righteous song image in a very time. There have been more than 10,000 people visited calmly and made more than 10,000 big bombs to the pirates. "

The book "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" contains Zhang Shanzi's preface "The Motivation of the Painting Wen Shan Zheng Qi Song" and the 77th generation of the Confucius, the 32nd generation Yan Shengsheng Confucius, and "Zheng Qi Song" (Wen Tianxiang Ci, Jiang Dingxianqu) is composed of portrait and statue of the statue. The graphics complement each other, with 14 pieces, all of which are named ethnic sages, heroes, and heroes. Feng Erng has carried out "Roar, China" and the mouth created by Zhang Shanzi and "Falling the picture of Yu Yuan, who is so angry, who stimulates the king's style? "The Great King Feng, coincides with a unanimous roar! We shake the river mountains and swallow the clown", expressing the painter's national spirit and firm will and "bending bow shooting Sirius", "on the horse madness, leaning on the horse's grass military book", " Wu Gou's determination and heroic determination and heroic. The finale painting is the "Han Fa Flying Map". A group of flying tigers on the picture imply the power of the Chinese nation's anti -Japan, which symbolizes the Fuji Mountain in Japan, which is quite shocking. The poem of the lower corner of the painting "The Han family flying the heroes, plugged in the crowd acupoints. Restoring the old Shenzhou, the world's songs of the world", it also reflects Zhang Shanzi's vastness and conveys the heroic information of the Chinese nation to resist rape. The painting is not only published in major domestic book bureau, but also published in magazines such as "Liangyou Pictorial", which has a wide range of impacts. The painting is almost a household name. In addition to sending the Anti -Japanese War in front of it, it was later brought to Europe and the United States to spread among the overseas Chinese, inspiring his love for me. "Han Jiafei General" Zhang Shanzi ("Biography of the Positive Songs")

Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" stirred up thousands of waves, not only inspired the ahead, but also affected a group of painters, including the classic "Wen Tianxiang statue" created by Fu Baoshi in the autumn of 1943, and organized by December 1942 A number of paintings at the "Song of Zhengqi" at the 3rd Art Exhibition. In addition to affecting the creation of the artist, it also affects the writers like Guo Moruo, so that in that specific period, he casts creative attention to historical themes and greatly enjoys historical dramas. Anti -Japanese War. It can be said that Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" is a model of advocating "reading history and saving" and "cultural saving the country". He interpreted nationalism in the form of painting and interpreted the national spirit, which had a general impact during the War of Resistance Against Japan.

The reason why Zhang Shanzi can create "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" is repeatedly reprinted, and the exhibition "The Biography of Zhengqi Songs" exhibition has such a sensation, in addition to its emphasis on heroism, nationalism, patriotism, and artistic expression. It is also related to his complicated ideological system, that is, the Confucian (home), Buddhism, and Jesus taught, especially the core value system conveyed by Confucianism "loyalty and filial piety". This complicated system of ideology is in his character, behavior, and artistic proposition, which constitutes the typical typical of loyalty and filial piety, which is quite representative. In October 1937, Zhang Shanzi took the "Twenty -eighth Loyal Filial Story Map" created by the 28 Xianliang and Filigious people of ancient times. It was also an important evidence. Essence Its artistic display is the excavation of traditional Chinese culture, which profoundly affects national psychology and transformed into the power of the times.

The creative motivation of "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" is to promote the spirit of modeling. The essence of the Confucian Mencius Taoism "loyalty" and "filial piety" further evokes people's awareness of the national loyalty and reflects the righteousness of the Chinese nation. As he said in the book, he said in the book. : "Confucius said: 'Zhi Shuren, no life to harm, and killing himself to be benevolent.' Mencius said: 'Wealth cannot be obscene, poverty cannot be moved, mighty cannot be aggrieved, this is the elder husband.' (Sun) Zhongshan Zhongshan The San people's Principles, the beginning of Taoism is the power of faith; then the eight virtues are the source of national life, and the determination to become benevolent. The source of the source is loyalty and filial piety! What they say are the basis of the Chinese national personality. We should imitate the ancients and be the right people. "In March 1938, Zhang Shanzi in Yichang, Hubei, to visit the" Heroes Soul Soul Soul Soul (Weekly) reporter Xu Lin also said in detail: "When the current value of China’ s nation ’s anti -Japanese war, the nation’ s existence. If Chinese people cannot carry forward the nation ’s righteousness, it will affect the future of the Anti -Japanese War. It is suggested that the authorities will draw the statues of the sages of the past and the sages listed in Wenwen Mountain's "Song of the Qi Qi", and exhibitions are flowing everywhere to teach the Chinese people. Gai art publicity is more powerful than text propaganda. "For this method, Zhang Shanzi also said: "Since the Meiji Restoration in Japan, regarding the political and diplomatic situations of the years over the years, they have used paintings to be full of photos to teach the Chinese people." As for the purpose of creative, Zhang Shanzi opened the door in the post of calligraphy of the calligraphy of calligraphy. The nation's righteousness and play the strength of the national culture. "Therefore," The Song of Zhengqi "is not so much that it belongs to Zhang Shanzi, because the heroes of the ancients (Jun Wenwu Shuangquan) are cherished. The soul of our nation!

From the perspective of the creative process, Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" was very rigorous, which can be described as easy to make the manuscript and accumulate. According to the original data witnessed by the author, the first drafts are mostly painted by many loyal filial piety and righteousness (excluding "Twenty -eight Loyal Filial Story Maps" painted by Zhang Shanzi). The 14 pictures of the second draft are small, which is very close to the printed "Biography of Zhengqi Songs". The third manuscript is officially published.

With the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" belongs to the category of sisters, there is also a painting that reflects the heroes of national heroes in the past. It belongs to the nature of comic paintings. It is even known that it is not well published without publishing. This painting has always been in Chengdu. From time to time, it should be Zhang Shanzi that at the end of 1938 because of a sudden decision to go to Europe and the United States, the draft that he had to complete in the future, the author is called "Biography of the British Jie". The painting has more than 20 more (including 3 of them Wen Tianxiang, Zu Yan, and Yan Yanqing, which are also published "Biography of Zhengqi Songs"), which records the Warring States Period, Qin, Han, Jin, Tang, Song, Song, Ming Ming The representative of the people who came all the way, especially the brave war (including the heroine Qin Liangyu), can be called the epitome of a history of the Chinese nation.该稿本图文并茂，涉及众多历史人物，如李牧（战国）、蒙恬（秦）、班超（汉）、李广（汉）、卫青（汉）、霍去病（汉）、赵充国（汉）、虞诩（ Han), Ma Fubo (Han), Zu Yan (Jin), Xie An (Jin), Xue Rengui (Tang), Li Jing (Tang), Yan Yanqing (Tang), Yang Ye (Song), Yang Yanzhao (Song), Kou Zhun, Kou Zhun (Song), Wen Tianxiang (Song), Shi Kefa (Ming), Qin Liangyu (Ming), Xia Wanchun (Qing) and so on. This little -known painting biography is undoubtedly the supplement of "The Biography of Zhengqi Songs". For the consciousness of studying Zhang Shanzi's culture of the Anti -Japanese War, and the self -province nature of Zhang Shanzi's culture, and the journey of "art to save the country" and "art to serve the country", discuss his patriotic ideas. Harmony, explaining the diverse performance of painting, etc., all have positive significance. The Chinese culture is the responsibility of "the rise and fall of the world, and the husband is responsible". Zhang Shanzi's "responsibility" performance is even more prominent. In addition to creating a series of works that reflect humanistic power, he also called on the Chinese art world to take the nation as the righteousness and the purpose of saving the death, and organize art workers with great enthusiasm to carry the great puppets of Chinese painters to promote the propaganda, ink and ink beacon, and the fire flames of ink and ink. , Dan Qing Iron Blood. In order, he published "The Responsibility of Chinese Painters" in "Anti -Japanese War Comics · National Mobilization Special", saying "with the power of art to stimulate the spirit of the people's anti -Japanese war."

"Roar, China", "The Responsibility of Chinese Painters" Zhang Shanzi ("Special of the Anti -Japanese War Comic · National Art Circle", No. 8, 1938)

After the "July 7th Incident" in 1937, with the loss of Peiping, Shanghai, and Nanjing, the slogan of "defending Da Wuhan", Wuhan became a major town of the national Anti -Japanese War. In addition to military defense, the new development of China's new culture at this time reached a peak. Various literary and artistic associations have sprung up, and the cultural people's anti -Japanese war is unprecedentedly intense. On June 6, 1938, the National Fine Arts Association of the National Art Community was established in Wuhan. This is a national anti -enemy art group, a national legal organization, and a result of the cooperation between the Communist Party and the Communist Party. It is closely related to the Chinese Anti -Japanese War, that is, "the purpose of uniting national art writers, promoting the anti -Japanese war, and developing the national revolutionary art" is the purpose. " Essence This purpose is extremely distinctive, constitutes a part of the new development of China's new culture, and conveys the unprecedented national consciousness and anti -enemy consciousness of Chinese painters.

The National Anti -Japanese War Association of China has a lineup. Honorary directors are Cai Yuanpei, Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Daofan, Guo Moruo, etc., marking the intimate cooperation of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, indicating the new chapter of the Chinese anti -Japanese war art and shining the history of Chinese art. Zhang Shanzi is the main initiator of the association and objectively played a role in "leaders" in the art world. At the establishment of the conference, Zhang Shanzi, the chairman, took the lead in the opening speech: "Today, our national art world unanimously organized. Its only purpose is to carry forward the power of art and enrich the spirit of the nation's anti -Japanese war. The Japanese robber that disturbs world peace. "Not only that, Zhang Shanzi also served as the chief executive director, director and director of the research department of the association, and became the actual host of the national art group. Wu Jijin said in the article "Remembering the Wuhan Anti -Japanese War Art Promotional Activity" that Wuhan's well -known painter engaged in the propaganda work of the anti -Japanese war is Zhang Shanzi. In the text of the giant long -volume epic "Hao Qi Long Stream", Wang Kang promoted Qi Baishi, Huang Binhong, Zhang Daqian, Xu Beihong, Lin Fengmian, Jiang Zhaohe, Pan Tianshou, Wu Zuoren, Fu Baoshi, Ye Qianyu and other famous painters. It was Zhang Shanzi, and he was lamented that he was "angry with a lion tiger, with Zhuang Kingdom."

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, due to Zhang Shanzi's qualifications, abilities, influences, etc., different from other painters, he was a member of the National Government Aid Committee (equivalent to the Ministry of Civil Affairs Ministry of the Ministry of Civil Affairs). He used this as a responsibility of social responsibility and devoted himself to the anti -Japanese rescue cultural activity of Chongqing during the wartime capital of Chongqing during the war to rescue the displaced victims. He organized the tour of the propaganda anti -Japanese war works, and received the support of the Ministry of Education to the provincial "notification", and even received the support of the Sichuan Provincial Government's support on "transferring the exhibition training of various organs to assist Zhang Shanzi to hold an exhibition." Its high specifications, great strength, macro, and influence cannot be achieved by other painters.

In addition to Wuhan and Yichang, Zhang Shanzi also held a tour exhibition of the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" in large rear cities such as Chongqing and Kunming to express the unyielding and heroic courage of the Chinese nation, conveying him "hate me non -warrior, and cannot hold Ge Ge. In the battlefield. Today I will write my loyalty with my brushes and come to the minds. " In the meantime, Zhang Shanzi also contacted the Sichuan Army's generals. He once asked Fan Puzhai to draw tiger map fan places for the Sichuan army to inspire the soldiers ahead. These fans have been widely spread on the printed board. One of the paintings painted by the Flying Tiger rushed straight to the Fuji Mountain in Japan. It was very visual impact and expressed Zhang Shanzi's strong sense of victory. Zhang Shanzi also pays great attention to the anniversary of the "August 13th" Anti -Japanese War. On August 10, 1938, he arrived in Chongqing from Yichang against the water, and held the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" in the Youth Conference on the 13th. The viewers gathered, and there was a prosperity of 10,000 people. Some comments said: "The national spirit revealed in the pen and ink is so big to accompany the capital (Chongqing)." (Including the extensive influence of the "Biography of Zhengqi Songs"), in March 1939, the National Government issued the "National Spirit Mobilization Program" and published it in major newspapers to discuss the major circles of society. "The Startection of Story" is to help "the inspiration of the national spirit is the fundamental picture." And Zhang Shanzi's "Biography of Zhengqi Songs" and tour exhibitions have issued a pioneering significance for the "National Spirit Mobilization Program", and it has played a role of giving birth to.

It is precisely because of Zhang Shanzi's series of artistic anti -Japanese war and cultural anti -war. In addition, with the lofty status of the artist and the people, with the support of Zhou Enlai, Lin Sen, Xu Shiying and others, the participating committee decided to send Chinese people to Binbin to go abroad abroad to go abroad abroad. At the same time, Xie Fu also decided to send Zhang Shanzi to propaganda abroad in the name of the National Government's relief committee. In order to live up to the mission, in December 1938, Zhang Shanzi brought "Biography of the Song of Zhengqi", "Four -dimensional Eight Virtue", "Filial Piety", "Filial Passenger", "Unrestrained", "Yizhiyou for the Badge" "Roar", "China, Roar" and "Huangshan Series", etc., more than 180 works created with Zhang Daqian (some works are printed into French and English propaganda materials to sell help and publicity). However, they went to France to go to the United States to strive for international support and support for overseas Chinese.

Zhang Shanzi's paintings during the War of Resistance. This is a printed matter that brought to Europe and the United States to promote

In February 1939, Gu Weijun, Ambassador to France, coordinated, Zhang Shanzi held the "Tiger Fattle Zhang Shanzi Painting Exhibition" at the National Museum of Paris, France, and opened a Chinese painter at the National Museum of Paris. According to the "Paris Communication" "Tiger Fattle Zhang Shanzi Painting Exhibition" (with the "Declaration", June 4, 1939), the exhibition has three characteristics: one is high specifications, the other is macro -scale, and the third is the impact. The so -called specifications are high. The honorary members of the French exhibition are the Minister of Education Chan, Paris Bishop Verdi, etc., and the honorary members of the Chinese Fang Exhibition are Gu Weijun and Bishop of Bin Bin. On the day of the opening exhibition, French President LeBron went to watch the exhibition in a regular case, praising Zhang Shanzi's "Outstanding Representative of Modern Oriental Art"; the relevant departments awarded the medal. The so -called macro -scale, exhibited more than 100 works, the content is divided into five categories: "positive qi", "ancient Chinese saint biography", "four German categories", "Lingling landscape" and "miscellaneous", including "Roar, China" The huge and "righteousness" "Wen Tianxiang", which is "righteous", and Lin Sen's "Deepness" "Loyalty" and other works. The so -called influence is a great impact, one is to shock the French art scene; the other is that the media at home and abroad are widely reported and evaluated; the third is that the French publishing department immediately publishes the "Zhang Shanzi Painting Collection" (including the four works of Zhang's Kunzhong Hechuang), and attached a newspaper newspaper. And Zhang Shanzi portrait.

Zhang Shanzi Painting Exhibition was held at the National Museum of Paris, France to promote Chinese art, promote Chinese and French diplomatic relations, and open the Chinese painter's individual exhibition in the museum (Romantar built a picture)

In April 1939, Zhang Shanzi arrived in the United States and held several exhibitions in New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Boston, Los Angeles and other places. "Selling one more painting, one more bullet that shoots to the enemy, and one more for the power to support the country's anti -Japanese war." Zhang Shanzi's patriotic sentiment shocked the United States and the people. The most influential media "Washington Post" in the United States even published the portrait of Zhang Shanzi and the tiger map of the President of Roosevelt President Mrs. Mrs. Mrs. Madam of the United States to introduce Zhang Shanzi to hold a exhibition in the United States and admire the symbol of his tiger. Significance is to awaken the national consciousness and fighting spirit of the Chinese nation.

Introduce Zhang Shanzi with the title "Tiger Sheng" (containing the Washington Daily, December 14, 1939)

In Washington in the United States, Zhang Shanzi was welcomed by US President Roosevelt and his wife. He should invite guests to the White House many times and is known as "a great painter who creates a Chinese image." According to the "Biography of Neijiang City · Characters", Zhang Shanzi "raised donations and ticket income of more than one million US dollars (should be more than 200,000 yuan), and he all handed over the country", all used in China's anti -Japanese war and relief, that is, " It is divided into difficult children's education fees and divided into warrior cold clothes. " However, his own life was very frugal, and his clothes broke his own supplement. What's more, Zhang Shanzi's influence in the exhibition in Europe and the United States has been hailed as "New World", that is, "the new continent, and the lady of the White House to treat the soup by himself; In a series of art exchanges and national diplomatic activities in the United States, Zhang Shanzi has a strong sense of mission and responsibility. From the perspective of national diplomacy (including diplomacy that belongs to religious communication), Zhang Shanzi is representative and fully reflects the multiple roles of artists, diplomats, revolutionaries, and activists. The mission has won the Japanese and the supplies of the friends of the Friends.

In addition to holding art exhibitions, generous speeches "China is the purpose of world peace and resistance to international justice." Zhang Shanzi also actively conducts a series of national diplomatic activities for Chinese communities to contact Chinese communities in various places. In June 1939, in the "Lower Mountain Tiger" in Longgang, New York, one of the famous Chinese communities, he actually used the perspective of his clan and "Xichang Kunzhong Yi" to convey his "righteousness" Interpretation and meaning to strive for more support. In October of the same year, Zhang Shanzi's "Tiger and Dragon Plate" was invested by the Chicago Anliang Trade Union for 10,000 yuan. This was a huge sum of money at the time.

In October 1939, Zhang Shanzi's "Tiger and Dragon Plate" was invested by the Chicago Anliang Trade Union in the United States to purchase Tibetan Tibet (the background is "Roar, China")

Zhang Shanzi has the overall concept, and the vision and realm of non -ordinary painters. He rushed around, and the eight parties called for the National Government to pay attention to the lectures in response to the oath of the Convention in New York in response to the oath of the New York. On behalf of the government's participation in the World Fair held by New York, the national will be publicized. He even promoted the "one bowl of rice aid campaign" of overseas Chinese. This was a very rare thing at the time, because "there was no diplomacy for weak countries." Although the politics, economy, and military diplomacy of China and the United States are difficult, Zhang Shanzi, who is the "fourth front" of civilian diplomacy, has overcome difficulties and achieved "the entire capital of Chongqing) is waiting for this fourth. The award of the fighter in the front.

The national spirit is an important guarantee for the victory of the Anti -Japanese War. As a Chinese national diplomat, Zhang Shanzi's national diplomatic activities reflect the characteristics of "nationality". It has political significance and era significance. It is the supplementary and extension of the National Government in politics, economy, and military activities. The national diplomatic activities conducted by Zhang Shanzi used painting art as the carrier, which conveyed the charm of Chinese art, reflected affinity and cohesion, and was recognized by the international community.

In the United States, Zhang Shanzi advocates the spirit of the national spirit with "Song of Zhengqi" (Romantic Figures)

When hearing the measures of US President Roosevelt announced the measures for the System of Aid China -abolished the "US -Japan Business Treaty", he painted the tiger and titled "China, roar" and gave a gift (the tiger map once hung the President Lincoln statue of the White House) In this way, China Beauty and Muchi Friendship is promoted. Zhang Shanzi's national diplomatic activities involved a wide range of people, and even received the attention and attention of President Roosevelt and his wife. Not only did he invite the White House several times, but also the President's wife accompanied him to the associations and universities to give speeches and fundraising.

Zhang Shanzi also created huge works that show the theme of Jesus and Jesus (one feet, two feet high and five feet wide), to show the theme of Jesus and Jesus, and given to Fodan University (famous Catholic school in the United States) in New York to indicate that to American priests Thanks for the work of China. On June 12, 1940, Fodan University awarded Zhang Shanzi's Ph.D. in Honor Law (Shi Fodan University only awarded this degree to the Pope of Roman Catholic Church and Zhang Shanzi). Representatives of the Word of the Norr attended the ceremony. The Consul General of the National Government in New York, Yu Junji, Consulate Lu Xinzheng, and overseas Chinese to congratulate. Chinese newspaper reporters went to report. (Coincidentally, after 34 years, in 1974, Zhang Daqian was awarded a special "Doctor of Humanities" degree from the Pacific University of California. From the perspective of the painter, Kun Zhong was awarded the honorary doctorate as the painting world, but also the only one)

On June 12, 1940, Zhang Shanzi (middle) was a Ph.D. in the United States (the Pope of Roman) in the United States. At the time of the National Government, Yu Junjie, the general director of New York, USA, to congratulate

In 1974, Zhang Daqian was awarded the title of "Doctor of Humanities" by Pacific University of California in the United States

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, General Chen Nade, a consultant of the China Aviation Commission, was a well -known figure in China. When he heard that Chen Nade set up the Air Force Volunteer Team in the United States, Zhang Shanzi was very excited and carefully created the "Flying Tiger Picture" gift. On both sides above the screen are tigers with wings, brave and agile, and the tiger and tiger are prestigious, which means that General Chen Nade's flying tiger team added like a tiger (the painting existing Sichuan Museum and was rated as a national first -class cultural relic).

"Flying Tiger Map" (Gift of General Chen Nade) Zhang Shanzi

Zhang Shanzi's "Flying Tiger" creativity has a considerable influence on the "Flying Tigers" under the command of Chen Nade, including the title, the composition of the sign, the combat effectiveness of the creation of the Flying Tigers, the value orientation of "bravery and advancement", "safety in danger" The spiritual advocacy of the same battle, the spirit of suffering together, the meaning of the teacher of justice, the symbol of the endlessness, and so on. Zhang Shanzi and "Flying Tigers"

As a soldier, the essential attribute of the tiger nature reflects "bravery and advancement." Zhang Shanzi advocated this concept very much, and even sprayed the word "advancement" and the painted tiger pattern on the US volunteer aid of China ("Flying Tigers") fighters. In the presence of his nephew Zhang Xinjian's legacy, Zhang Shanzi also had "bravery and advancement". It can be seen that "bravery and advancement" is the main theme of Zhang Shanzi's heart, singing the universal significance of communication at home and abroad.

Zhang Shanzi advocates the spirit of "bravery and advancement", and even the aid aircraft fuselage has the word "refinement" and the tiger map of the painting (Romantic Figures)

In June 1940, Zhang Shanzi participated in the World Expo held in the United States, reflecting his national consciousness, national will, social responsibility, and cultural mission. According to media reports at that time, the Chinese government had no time to take care of the event during the War of Resistance Against Japan. Coincidentally, it was the exhibition of the international pavilion of Venezuela and Cuba for the reason. With the support of the American Medicine Association, Zhang Shanzi resolutely made a decision to postpone his return to China. He was ordered to represent the Chinese government to participate in the World Expo and use the paintings as the focus of the exhibition (the venue has Zhang Shanzi's huge calligraphy and painting works) to spread China National culture, carry out national diplomacy, strive for more international understanding and fundraising, and strongly support the Chinese nation's anti -Japanese war. As well as

In June 1940, the World Expo was held in New York, USA.

In the United States' cultural exchanges and fundraising activities and national diplomatic activities, where Zhang Shanzi went, there were media reports or comments, which effectively promoted Chinese art and the Anti -Japanese War. According to incomplete statistics, newspapers such as the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Boston Global Daily, the Los Angeles Times, and the Time Weekly and other newspapers have several reports or comments. Especially in Boston's Global Daily on July 6, 1939, Zhang Shanzi went to Boston to promote the anti -Japanese national spirit (including "China, Roar" and other pictures on the 9th edition of the 1st edition. ), Praise Zhang Shanzi "Chinese famous painter". The Los Angeles Times on May 29, 1940, highly evaluated Zhang Shanzi's official sign or symbol of the New China (referring to the Republic of China). Essence There are also several reports or comments from the domestic "Central Daily", "Xinhua Daily", "New News", "Yishi Newspaper" and "Liangyou Pictorial" and "Heroes Soul". According to incomplete statistics, in 1940, Shanghai's "Declaration" published "Zhang Shanzi Welcome in the United States", "Zhang Shanzi traveling in the United States to raise funds for Chinese refugees", "Zhang Shanzi in the honor of the United States", "Painter Zhang Shanzi will be from the United States "Return to the country", "Famous Painter Zhang Shanzi Yuang to Hong Kong" and other reports or communications. On October 5th, the Xinhua Daily was highly summarized and evaluated. It was warmly welcomed by the local people of the country, and it took almost two years before and after, and the results were very happy ... Zhang's trip, more than 100 paintings were held abroad. The committee is used as a relief. In addition to the exhibition, Zhang is engaged in national diplomatic activities, and more opportunities for Zhang's groups to help China have expanded the work of my country. To the giant ... "

Zhang Shanzi (left) and the Consul General Yu Junji, Consul General of the National Government in New York, USA (December 1939, 1939)

Zhang Shanzi's major social impact on the art of anti -Japanese war, especially the influence of the international community, can be seen from the honor behind him. The bad news of his death is quite sensational, which can be described as "the global shock of the Shuzhongxing meteorite". Participating in the mourning includes the party, government, military, religious, overseas Chinese, and art circles. The chairman of the National Government Lin Sen and the Dean of the Executive Yuan Jiang Zhongzheng signed the "National Government to praise Zhang Shanzi's Ling".

For Zhang Shanzi's death, on November 16, 1940, Chongqing held a public sacrifice. Its high specifications and extensive participation reflect the careful organization and arrangement of the funeral committee, that is, according to the social role and contribution of Zhang Shanzi, the main leaders of the relevant departments (conference) and Catholic bishop are participated. In the public sacrifice, they either give a commemorative speech, or to turn it. According to the special article "Mr. Zhang Shanzi, the Public Education Artist Zhang Shanzi" contained in the "Yishi News" on November 24, 1940, the Kuomintang Central Propaganda Minister Wang Shijie and the deputy minister Pan Gongzhan attended the memorial service. "The huge influence of propaganda; Xu Shiying, chairman of the National Government Aid Committee, and Qu Yingguang, deputy chairman, attended the memorial service. Shang Weishan, Bishop of Bishop, and Master Mei Yu Silk attended the memorial service. The influence (memorial service from Catholicism, Zhang Shanzi, the entertainer of the public); the president of the Supervisory Institute Yu You Ren sent the couplet, praising Zhang Shanzi's artistic influence and expressing friendship with the artistic influence of "the universe is born with no stubbornness, and the spirit of the mountains and rivers"; Foreign Minister Wang Chonghui sent the couplet, and affirmed Zhang Shanzi's effective national diplomatic contributions; the National Revolutionary Army and Army's first -level general He Yingqin sent the couplet, affirming Zhang Shanzi's "majestic" and expressing the friendship of old friends; Sending the couplet, affirmed the influence and contribution of Zhang Shanzi's "reputation of others", "Qianqiu Zhengqi" and "Xuanwu for the country". In addition to the public sacrifice of Chongqing, on December 15, 1940, Shanghai also held a public sacrifice, with more than 300 participants. As for the influence of the bad news of Zhang Shanzi's death, it is concentrated in the overseas Chinese and religious circles in the United States. The day after Zhang Shanzi's death, the New York Times published a long report. Then, Chicago, New York, Philadelphia and other overseas Chinese and their groups held a memorial service, and even the Bishop of Red held a memorial service. It can be seen that Zhang Shanzi's national diplomacy is very successful and has a considerable international influence, and has made significant contributions to the Chinese Anti -Japanese War.

"Zhang Shanzi, who is famous for tigers, died of illness in Chongqing" (with the United States "New York Times, October 21, 1940)

In summary, Zhang Shanzi's artistic career and life journey are quite characteristic and discussion, especially in terms of anti -Japanese art and contribution to the international community. The diversity of his works, the different nature of the theme of the creative, and the different nature of the expression techniques have established his historical status as an all -talented painter, and have been respected as "a generation of masters in the Chinese painting world" and "outstanding representative of modern Oriental art". At the same time, Zhang Shanzi stepped along the time of the progress of the times, maintained the dignity of the Chinese nation, and passed Qianqiu Zhengqi. It is indeed the most influential painter in the history of Chinese painting. The most outstanding, the greatest contribution, the most commendable specifications, and the most influential painter are indeed a painter with a significant influence of the international community.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Text/picture: Wang Yi (former deputy inspector of the Sichuan Provincial Local History Office, former vice president of the Sichuan Provincial Local Chime Society, former deputy editor -in -chief of Sichuan Province, first -level literary creation title. Now Special librarian)

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