This famous Shanghai Garden has a poetic garden name, from Wang Bo’s famous article | Share before bedtime

In the late autumn of Jiangnan, the trees were still green, but the green was deeper. On the ancient ginkgo ginkgo in Jiading Qiuxia, the dense leaves were dyed with a golden leaf, and it was beside the mountain pavilion, becoming the elves of the Mid -Autumn Festival of Qiuxia. The osmanthus will not be blooming, and there is no fragrance in the air, and the maple leaves of the film are red like a burning flame, which is particularly conspicuous.

This year, Qiu Xiapu ushered in its 520th birthday. Qiuxiapu is like a mellow flower carving, such as the long history of the story, it is better to read it, it should be read slowly ...

"Gong's Garden" built 520 years ago

Qiu Xiapu's predecessor was called "Gong's Garden". 520 years ago, the Ministry of Industry of the Ministry of Industry of the Ming Dynasty did not fulfill the sea of ​​the sea and returned to the warm homeland to build Gong's Garden of the Hidden Power in his old age. Gong Hong lived in Jiading for 13 years, and the court had repeatedly called his officials, and he declined. Mr. Zeng Hou Hou Zeng said that he "experienced the six dynasties, governing the world first", "medium to life, guarding the county for six years, and there are no ten golds in the sick sac." name".

The Emperor Zhengde of the Ming Dynasty also knew him, saying that he was "the old man and the old man" and "the wise man music".

Gong Hong is a master of water control. He has dealt with the water for a long time and knows the habit of knowing water. He naturally has a little more indifferent water, tranquility and wisdom in his personality. The scale he built was selected in the garden site of "ten acres" in Jiading Dongcheng. At the beginning of the garden, Gong Garden was not gorgeous. Gong Hongxuan Sun Gong Xijue stated in the article "The Grand Sirvanic Puchuan Public Heritage" that Gong's Garden is about ten acres, and the building is simple, only "from the gate of Turaki", just an ordinary house.

Gong was the earliest and one of the oldest cultural families in Jiading. The Gong clan has 13 Jinshi, which has the reputation of "Jiangnan". Gong Hong's ancestor Gong Mingzhi is a jinteller in the Southern Song Dynasty. The book "Wu Jiwen" recorded in the Wuzhong area recorded the customs of the Wuzhong area, anecdotes, character words and deeds, and social conditions. It is an important historical notes. After Zhishi, Gong Hongzhi was making a statement. He did not leave home in Gong's Garden. With a rich experience, he completed the "Continuation of Wu Jiwen" for 5 years. As a sequel to Gong Mingzhi's "Zhong Wu Jiwen", he realized the heirs of poetry and ceremony of the cultural family. Unfortunately, this work failed to be handed down.

Hui Shang Wang's also biographies in the garden

Like other Jiangnan private gardens at the time, Gong's Garden added some scenery year after completion. However, the personnel metabolism was abolished. After Gong Hong's death, when his grandson Gong Ke studied, the Gong family began to decline, and the situation changed at the time.

Later, Gong Kexue's son Gong Xijue took the Xiucai in the exam. The businessman said: "The price cannot be added. If the talent is raised, I will return to the garden for free." Later, Gong Xijue raised people, and Wang did not say anything, and he really returned Gong's Garden. During the Wanli period, Gong Xijue was a junior, and the official to the right of Guangxi to the right of Guangxi was a clean and capable official. After Zhishi returned to his hometown, Gong Xijue repaired Gong's Garden, adding buildings such as Cong Guixuan and Yudangtang, forming a scale, shining, and becoming a well -known literati garden in Jiangnan.

Poet Cheng Jiazheng, painter Li Liufang, calligrapher Lou Jian, Jin Shijia Song Yan, and scholar Ma Yuanshou often chant, splash ink, and taste. "The feast of the garden has nothing to do." Qiu Xiapu became the art salon of Jiading literati.

The garden's glory, the fate of the characters and the change of the times. However, there is no dispersion feast in the world, and Gong's Garden has experienced many rise and fall. On the occasion of the Yi Dai of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the descendants of Gong's descendants participated in the fight against the Qing struggle led by Hou Zeng and Huang Chunyao. There were 12 people in the festival. The Gongli Garden declined with the Gong family.

Gong's Garden is Yi Niming Qiuxiapu

During the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Gong's Garden changed again and again, and was renamed "Qiuxia Gong".

This poetic garden name comes from Wang Bo's famous "Teng Wang Pavilion" "Flowing Xia and Lonely Flying, Autumn Water for a long time." By the Qianlong period, there were dozens of attractions including Taohuatan, Chishang Cottage, Nigeria Cottage, Digital Yuzhai, Shannou, Songfeng Ridge, and Hanxiang Room. Jiqiu Xiapu).

Bachelor of literati gathered here.

Song Yan, one of the eight major poets in the Qing Dynasty, visited the Hanxiang room and wrote "a trail of autumn, Xiao Ran sees Zhulu". The poet Zhao Yu stopped Liu Yunju, leaving "Lin Luqing sees the legacy, and the sixth collection of books in the middle." The Qiuxia Garden in the eyes of Wang Mingsheng and Qian Daxin is a custom painting of a girl You Chun, leaving "Mo Shang Girls Joint together, that is, the mountain pavilion to explore the spring" and "burning incense to go to the garden, and the white phase in front of Yan Luxuan returns back to the white phase. ", You can imagine the social stability and economy of the Qianlong period.

Until the fourth year of Yongzheng (AD 1726), Wang's decline, Qiuxia Garden changed to the back garden of the Chenghuang Temple, which contaminated more fireworks on earth. It was once the theater of the acting. For a while, it was known as the "Sun City God Temple". After 1911, people of insight, Dai Sigong, Pu Yong and others set up Qiliang School here.

The "rice sac" that is obscure

In the Song Dynasty, Li Gefei said in the "Book of Luoyang Famous Garden": "The abolition of the garden, the time of the prosperity of Luoyang."

After the "Qianjia prosperous age", repeated war caused Qiuxia Garden to only count the lakes and rocks, and the barren ponds were full; after the Japanese aggressive army dyed the Qiuxia Garden, the plaque in the garden was destroyed seventy or eight, the flowers and trees of the Qiuxia Garden were withered, and it was unbearable. A few into waste gardens.

And the strange stories in the Patriotic Chronicle Protection Park are also wonderful. There is a strange stone "rice sac" in the garden, which is two feet high. According to Guangxu's "Jiading County Chronicle", every rainy day, water droplets overflow, color like rice juice. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, in order to prevent this famous stone from falling into the opponent, people used lime to paint the word "rice sac", hiding it in the rockery group, hiding for more than half a century, and it was not until 2001 to see the day. In 1962, Qiuxiapu was announced as a cultural relics protection unit in Shanghai. The famous classical garden scholar Chen, Professor Zhou, published the article "Jiading Qiuxia Garden" in "Cultural Relics" in 1963, and made a high evaluation of the historical status and artistic characteristics of Qiuxia Garden, saying that Qiuxiapu "Die Mountain is excellent" "Rich in spring and summer, Xiao Shu in autumn and winter, giving people a feeling of different seasons."

The spring breeze of reform and opening up awakened Qiu Xiapu, under the careful guidance of Chen Congzhou and Mr. Cheng Xuke. Qiuxiapu was repaired and expanded in 1980 and 1983, and was opened after the completion of the 1987 repair project in 1987. Qiuxiapu is divided into four scenic spots including Taohuatan Scenic Area (formerly Gong's Garden), Ningxia Pavilion Scenic Area, Qing Jingtang Scenic Area and Chenghuang Temple. The style of Qing Dynasty, Jiangnan literati taste. Today, the entire park covers an area of ​​3.28 hectares, with a total construction area of ​​3950 square meters.

Good "mountain forest in the city"

Qiuxia Garden is known as the "mountain forest in the city" and is one of the five classical gardens in Shanghai.

The Taohuatan Scenic Area is the essence of the whole garden. There are more than 20 scenes, consisting of pools, buildings, mountains and stones, Quqiao, etc. Chitan is rectangular, about 50 meters, 6 meters to 10 meters north and south. Chow Chow stacked lakes and stones, Sanqu Bridge and Qiqingdu at the broken shore of the east water inlet. In the old days, because of peach blossoms in the shore of the pond, it was named "Taohuatan".

Chiibei main building is a four -sided hall. Xuan An is gorgeous. On the west of the four -sided hall, Yan Luxuan was connected by the Qianglang. This Xuan was built during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. In front of Yan Luxuan, there is a yellow stone folded from Yunyun Cave. The stacked stone walls are ancient and natural. Bi Guang Pavilion is under its feet. Because of the water, this pavilion is facing water, such as lying on the water, so it is also known as the "Flutter Pavilion".

The main scene of the south of Taohuatan is Nanshan, which is connected to Sanqu Bridge in the east and the cottage on the west. Nanshan is more than 40 meters long, which is made of lakes and stones. There is a trail in the middle, divided into two gangsters from north and south. Chen Congzhou said, "(This) is a big hand, which is rare in Jiangnan's private gardens." Under the Shiji Shiji, the padded path, the stone slabs of the bay, the bayer, and the "Fun Qiao Bridge" of Lou Jian, one of the "Mr. Jiading Four" on the cliff, compared with the heavy weight of Nanshan, there are small horizontal pits small The exquisite beauty of the roll.

The cottage of the pond is built in the water. Because the appearance is like a boat, it is also known as "boat without swimming." This hall was built during the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, with 7 sanctions, and Xieshan style. In front of the lake stone, plant banana, begonia, south Tianzhu, etc., repair beauty and quiet. Dentong is a half pavilion, and the water is escorted. The west bank of the Chitan was built in the Ming Dynasty, Cong Guixuan, and Xieshan was very elegant. The north overlooks the lush Songfeng Ridge, and there are Samsung Stone in Xuannan. On the west side, there are two century -old golden laurels, Zhou Zhi four seasons of good trees, and the purpose of "Gui Trees" in "Chu Ci".

The Qiuxia Garden is not only rich in landscape, but also has a deep cultural connotation. The celebrities have 94 pairs and a large number of poetry. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Mr. Zhou Chengzhong, who was well -known scholar, founded the "Qiu Xia Poetry Society", edited the book "Qiu Xia Xiaizhi" and had a detailed record.

Mr. Hu Juewen, a patriotic democracy, and Jiading, traveled twice in 1982 and 1984, and wrote two kinds of childlike messages: "Qiuxia Garden is a place where I was in my childhood. You are young, and you feel youth. "" In a hundred years, you are playing here for a young age. It is ninety of the next year.

Liberation Daily · Shangguan News Original manuscript, reprinting without permission

Author: Tao Jiming text editor: Shen Yilun

WeChat editor: Miss Pi

School pair: huisong

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