Gossip | Samarhan on the ancient Silk Road: close relations with Zhu Yuanzhang and Nanjing

The ancient capital Samalham, as a heavy town on the ancient Silk Road, has a history of more than 2,700 years. Today, you have to write history again. From September 15th to 16th, 2022, the 22nd meeting of the head of the head of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization State was held in the ancient city of Samalham, Uzbekistan.

The lion painted by the Ming court painter, or the true depiction of Samaer's rarely sent to the Ming government lion.

At least from the Northern Wei Dynasty, Samalham appeared in Chinese history books. This is an ancient city. As early as the 5th century BC, some people lived here. In recent years, Chinese people's familiarity with this name is probably derived from a best -selling book "Samarhan's Golden Peach -the Excuse of the Tang Dynasty". This is the masterpiece of American sinologist Edward Shever.

Samalham's golden peaches are a famous story. In November nineteen, Tang Zhenguan's envoy from Samalham arrived in Changan. In July, they had given Li Shimin a male lion, and this time, they brought golden peaches and silver peaches.

Li Shimin planted the peaches in the palace. Golden peaches are golden like gold, and silver peaches are white like silver. It's a pity that they have not left it. It is said that they need to plant the power of witchcraft.

The Chinese are familiar with this place, and they also benefit from the text left by the monk Xuan Zang and the Taoist Qiu Chuji. They have all reached Samarhan. Xuanzang called Samalhan as "Jian Jian" and praised his "soldiers and horses" more "samurai", while Qiu Chuji was sitting in a garden in Samalham at a time of spring flowers in 1221. Drink tea.

By the end of the 13th century, China entered the Ming Dynasty, and Samalham, which was conquered by the Mongolians, maintained a good relationship with the Ming government. Timur ruled here has repeatedly sent envoys to Nanjing. According to historical materials, the first connection between the Ming Dynasty and the Timur Empire was in 1387. At that time, Timur sent envoys to the DPRK, "Gongma fifteen horses, two humps." Zhu Yuanzhang also returned to give "Platinum Ten Eighteen ingots". Since 1394, Timuri sent to the Ming Dynasty almost every year to send horses, camels, etc. He also dedicated the national treasure -a "Shi Shi Cup" to Zhu Yuanzhang. And Timur wrote to the gift from Zhu Yuanzhang to the gift.

During the Wanli period, the Samalham tribute to the Ming Dynasty was more than 50 times, and the Ming Dynasty also repeatedly sent envoys to Samalham. Samalham bought the most of the silk fabrics, while the Ming Dynasty obtained most of the beasts and gems such as horses, lions, parrots and other beasts. Samarhan merchants not only do business in the capital of China, but also trade in other cities passing by. In the spring of 1390, Samarhan merchant Shatura Ali sold 670 horses in Liangzhou.

Due to the good care of China in China, many Samalham merchants and officials took the initiative to propose settlement in China and serve the Ming government. Zhu Yuanzhang also said in a letter to Timur. These Samarhan people settled in Nanjing. For example, in 1446, in the answer of Samalham Yilin, from the back of the Wajie, the Ming government asked him to live in Nanjing and belonged to Jinyiwei; in 1451, Samalham's Ali and Huoxin came back, and the Ming government gave them. Official positions, belonging to Nanjing Jinyiwei, and given to the house; in 1454, people from Samalham came to rely on it, and they were also sent to Nanjing Jinyi Wei'an. What did they happen later? Historical books are not recorded. Perhaps it is returning to China, or it may be integrated into the homeland and become the "New Nanjing" of that era.

source:

"Biography of Samarhan: History and Modern" Novelty Press, Ye Hang, translated by Ye Hang

Discussing the relationship between the relationship between the Ming Dynasty and Samalham and the history of Sino -foreign relations in the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yafei.

Source: Yangtze Evening News Zi Niu News Micro Historical Records

Edit: Qin Xiaoyi

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