Zhengzhou discovered that the largest number of funerals, the richest variety, and the highest level of Shang Dynasty aristocratic tombs

On the morning of September 16th, the State Administration of Cultural Relics released four major "archeological China" projects in Beijing to focus on early Chinese civilization and introduce the latest archeological discoveries and research results of early national research. Among them, the Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute found a cemetery of the Shang Dynasty aristocracy in the infrastructure and archeology in the south of Zhengzhou East Street, the east of the Bauhinia Road, and the north area of ​​the Academy Street, which was noticeable. It is reported that the main tomb of the tomb area discovered this time is the largest number of funerals currently found in Zhengzhou Mall. Uniquely presents the historical and cultural connotation of Zhengzhou business capital, which is of great significance to understand the ancient Chinese civilization.

Zhengzhou Shangdu Academy Street is located in the southeast of the city of Zhengzhou Mall. It is a high -grade aristocratic cemetery in the Baijiazhuang period in the middle of the Shang Dynasty. From May 2021 to August 2022, the Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute was found to be the tomb area of ​​the Shang Dynasty archeology in the infrastructure and archeology in the south of Zhengzhou Dongjie Street, east of the south of Dongjie Street, Zijingshan Road, and academy.

According to the relevant person in charge of the Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute, the tomb area is jointly formed by the trench, passage, bronze tombs, other tombs (tombs), and sacrifice pit. Square meter. The era of the tomb area is the Baijiazhuang period of Zhengzhou Mall. Two trenches G1, G5, one south, one north are nearly east -west and east -west, with a distance of about 130 meters. The existing length of the G1 is more than 150 meters, the G5 excavation length is nearly 60 meters, and the length can be restored by more than 140 meters. The channel is located at the western end of G1. The channel is residually rammed the building base, which covers the sides of the north and south of the G1. There are building structures such as column holes on the south side of the channel. The tombs are divided into two areas according to the tomb direction, concentration area and era. A total of 14 tombs in the tomb area are centered on the bronze tombs, and the direction is north -south, and at the same time as the trench. There are 9 tombs in the second area of ​​the tomb, which are arranged from east to west, located near G5, and the era is later than the tomb area. There are two sporadic tombs, east -west, breaking G1, and the time is later than the tomb area. Bronze tombs: M2, M24, M30, are located in the middle of the tomb area. M2 rectangular, direction of 198 °, 2.6 meters long north and south at the bottom of the tomb, 1.1 meters wide from east to west, and existing depth of 0.35-0.55 meters. More than 200 funerals were unearthed, including 20 copper, 11 pieces of jade, 5 pieces of gold, 50 gold wares, 50 arrows, more than 120 shell coins, and gold foil inlaid with gold foil.

Bronze wares include 罍, Ding, Ge, Jue, 斝, 盉, 鬲, 觚, 斨, Pan, Dou, Dou, Knife, Arrow, etc. Jade wares include 钺, Ge, handle, jade pigs, jade fish, etc. Gold wares include golden coverage, gold bubbles, gold foil, etc. There are tubes, films, and decorations. The six martyrs at the bottom of the M2 are located on the head, waist and limbs, and the dogs on the limbs are placed in a smooth clockwise order. The M24 is located on the east side of the M2, rectangular, and 6 °. The grave is 0.9 meters wide, 2.52 meters long from north to south, and the depth is about 0.35-10.7 meters. The three people were buried, and the middle 1 man leaned over his straight limbs, 25-30 years old, and the female side of the woman on the west side was buried on the side of the woman, 20 to 23 years old. The east side was about 15 years old and kneeling on the side. There are 7 bronze wares such as 鬲, 器, Jue, 觚, Ding, and Ge. The jade articles include 3 pieces of dragon -shaped lattice, jade 璜, and jade cicada, 4 arrows, and 2 round pots and 1 shell. The M30 is located on the north side of the M24, rectangular, with a direction of 186 °, 2.06 meters long from north to south, 0.68 meters wide from east to west, and is now 0.12-0.3 meters. The unearthed copper wares, ax, copper sheet, handle, needle, shovel, jade handle, round pottery, etc. The sacrifice pit is located in the southeast of M2 and is a pig sacrifice pit.

What major values ​​and significance of archeological discovery of the archeological discovery of the archeological discovery of Zhengzhou Shangdu Site of the Shangdu Site? According to the relevant person in charge of Zhengzhou Cultural Relics and Archeology Research Institute, the Bronze Tomb M2 is the main tomb of the tomb area. The highest grade aristocratic tomb. In particular, the phenomenon of 6 martyrs is very rare in the early and Chinese business culture. It provides a new understanding of the source of high -level business tombs such as Hemul City, Yinxu, Anyang, and Subutun, Shandong. Essence

In addition, the two trenches of the tomb area parallel to each other, and the passage of the tomb area is rammed earth building, which reflects the characteristics of the planning, design, organization and management of the tomb area. Comprehensive analysis, it is likely to have the earliest embodiment of the "Zhaoyu" structure of the Shang Dynasty, and it is still under further excavation and research.

"M2's golden coverage and a large amount of gold are used to discuss the golden masks that appear in southwestern China and the cultural style of gold decoration. The discovery of the tomb area fundamentally changed the traditional understanding of the academic community for the southern part of Zhengzhou Mall, and greatly enriched the connotation of the layout of the settlement structure of the Zhengzhou Mall. Combined with the pits near Zhengzhou Mall, it provides a new academic discussion space for further discussion of the changes and functional evolution of Zhengzhou Shangdu.

Many archeological experts believe that the era of the aristocratic tombs of the Academy Street is a Chinese businessman. The number of bronze wares is large and the combination is diverse, which enriches the academic world's awareness of the Chinese businessman culture.The archeological discovery of the archaeological discovery of the aristocracy of the aristocratic tombs of the Johnida Street Mall in Zhengzhou Mall is rich in content and huge value. It is the most iconic new archeological discovery of the Zhengzhou Shang Dynasty King Capital in recent years.Excellent traditional culture, understanding ancient Chinese civilization, is of great significance.Zheng Bao full media reporter Cheng Yan correspondent Wang Yigen

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