Cultural Bay Area 017 | Nanhai Jiang Kong Yin is not just "God of Food"

Jiang Kong Yin was the most active businessman in the provincial and Hong Kong period during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. From all aspects of social development, politics, economy, and culture, Jiang Kongyin and his family have had a certain impact. Later generations gave him a lot of titles: such as Taishong, the last Hanlin, industrialist, gourmet ... but for decades, the historical evaluation of Jiang Kongyin has always been biased. "Tai Shigong" such as "Dragon Tiger Dou". Wang Xiwen, who was his son -in -law, said: "Xia Gong Tai Shi is a special person from Yueyue, and can also be called 'Strange Jie". He has a wide range of people. Also ... "In today's words, Jiang Kongyin was a" black and white "character, which was pivotal in politics at that time.

- ◆ -

Jiang Kongyin (1864-1952), the word Shaoquan, native of Nanhai, Guangdong. When he was young, he was moving, and he was like a shrimp all day. He was called Jiang Shrimp. He simply took the word "Xia" and the word "shrimp", and "Xia Gong" was the nickname.

Jiang Kongyin, when she avoids Hong Kong

Jiang Kongyin's ancestors started to make a fortune with industry tea. His father Jiang Qingquan was a large tea merchant in Shanghai, nicknamed Jiang million. Jiang Kongyin had only one brother. He died in his early years. He inherited his father's large property.

At the age of fourteen, he was a teacher at Bai Kang, Xiqiao Mountain, and then when Kang Youwei founded the "Wanmu Cottage" in Guangzhou, Jiang Kongyin was still his student. Jiang Kongyin also participated in the famous "Book on the bus", but he was an unknown stroke that year, so he failed to be implicated.

Jiang Kong Yin Nian was not very hard work, but he was smart, poetry, song, and poetry bell couplet. It is known as the "work". Unfortunately, he was named Sun Shan, who was in the exam three times, and he lost his prestige in the eight -strand work. It was another Township Test, so he hired a "gunman" with a heavy gold gift to enter the exam for him. This is a handler, and he has to invite the gunman, and he should hide, do not show up, but he feels itchy, and at a low price, he enters the gunman for others. According to the information found by everyone Gao Boyu, there are quite a lot of celebrities in this subject. The gunman is also hit. Jiang Kong Yinxing was highly high, and he was overjoyed.

Ask a gun, to hide people, it is not a good man;

The lean rang, the sea is a fairy!

The "Luming Artillery" is a Chinese term for the imperial examination era for the gunner. Jiang Kongyin is both a handman but a gunman, and it is a wide guy (rich people, most of them are not in the text), but they can also be proud of it.

After more than ten years, Jiang Kong Yinzhong Guangxu's 30th year of Jiachen and 27th Jinshi (Wang Xiwen's article was called Guangxu 29 years, uncertain). Entering Hanlin Academy, so it is also known as Jiang Tai Shi. He ordered Ji Jishi and returned to Guangzhou to help the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, Cen Chunxuan, to run a new school, and used the former site of the Gongyuan to set up the Guangdong and Guangxi Excellent Normal University (later changed to higher teachers, then changed to Guangdong University, and then changed to Sun Yat -sen University), closed the longevity temple, confiscated Temple production is for funding. Jiang Kongyin's handling of this matter is quite contributed. After being invited by local officials, he does not have to disperse the museum. Later, he reported to donate to the Jiangsu alternate road, but the Qing Dynasty had perished.

- ◆ -

， The 1911 Revolution, Jiang Kongyin saw the wind driving early, first cut off the braids, and the revolution was full. He just wanted to be the officials of the Republic of China. After Hu Hanmin took over as the Governor of Guangdong, he had always paid attention to Jiang Kongyin. If he asked for something, he was mostly refused by Hu Hanmin.

Chen Jiongming is a guest of Huizhou. The ins and outs of the gentleman in Guangzhou are not very clear. Seeing that Jiang Kong Yin is talented, it seems that he can be able to be able to do wartime. "Empty, so Chen Jiongming can give Jiang Kongyin alone with Qingyan, so Chen Jiongming and Jiang Kongyin have been in line with each other.

Yuan Shikai's Presidential Palace Secretary -General Liang Shizhen was Hanlin in the former Qing Guangxujian of the Qing Dynasty. Gathering in Beijing is naturally quite affectionate and has its traditional friendship.

Jiang Kong Yin was dissatisfied with Hu Hanmin's failure to cooperate with him, and he was unable to understand, and he could not forget the throne of the capital of Guangdong. It is said that when he had a special time, Chen Jiongming went to his Taishi Di secret. Jiang Kongyin said that he had an old friend with Liang Shizhen. He could go to Beijing and his party to help Chen Jiongming get rid of Hu Hanmin, and Chen Jiongming took over as the Governor of Guangdong. After listening to it, Chen Jiongming thought that Zheng Yijun was lonely.

Jiang Kong Yinxiang is more than communication with the world. When he met Yuan Shikai, he naturally said that he was naturally very happy. Liang Shizhen told Jiang Kong Yin at the time that the Beijing government must divide the military and civilian decisions in the decisions of all provinces across the country. Yin is the Minister of Civil Affairs in Guangdong Province. Jiang Kong Yin is also overjoyed.

At that time, Song Jiaoren was assassinated in Shanghai, and the situation gradually expanded. The Beijing government and the Kuomintang were tense. The governors of the four provinces of the southeast issued a number of electricity, echoing with Congress, opposing Yuan Shikai's foreign loans, and aggressive. Yuan Shikai became angry, but in the summer and autumn of the second year of the Republic of China, it has been eliminated from the duties of Governor of the four provinces of Southeast provinces such as Cheng Dequan Cheng Dequan, Governor Cheng Dequan, Governor of Anhui, Governor of Jiangxi, and Hu Hanmin, the Governor of Guangdong. Special Ren Chen Jiongming is the capital of Guangdong. Soon, Li Lie was erected in Yuan Zhiqi at Hukou, Jiangxi. Wang Jingwei was commissioned by Huang Xingzhi to go south by Shanghai to urge Chen Jiongming to be independent in Guangdong and join the Yuan Front. Chen Jiongming's original heart wanted to rely on Yuan Shikai to be his "King of the South". At this time, he advised him to discuss Yuan independently. Of course, it was not what he heard. Therefore, Wang Jingwei invited Zhu Zhixin to go together. Wang Jingwei was the advanced of the party. Zhu Zhixin was also the master of Chen Jiongming. It was awe -inside Chen Jiongming. Wang and Zhu were together. Chen Jiongming persuaded Chen Jiongming.

Chen Jiongming issued a power -on discussion. At this time, the most embarrassing was Jiang Kongyin, who stayed in Beijing. Yuan Shikai passed on Jiang Kong Yin Yin into the presidential palace to question, and he was very loud, and even Liang Shizhen couldn't help it. Fortunately, Jiang Kongyin is a smart person and can speak good. He argued that "Everyone can have a son, but can't have a son's heart. Chen Jiongming is so inconsistent. It is unexpected. Kong Yin is not cautious and has nothing to resign." Yuan Shikai was still angry. Kong Yinnai resigned and bought the south of the south. The dream of his Guangdong Civil Affairs Commission was broken. This time, Chen Jiongming dragged Jiang Kong Yin.

Jiang Kong Yin handwriting

- ◆ -

Some people say that after the success of the Revolution of 1911, Sun Yat -sen admired Jiang Kongyin. In order to respect Jiang Kong Yin Yin, Sun Yat -sen and Song Qingling, Liao Zhongkai, He Xiangning, and others came to visit him.

This is uncertain. According to Wang Xiwen, in 1917, Jiang Kong Yin Zeng Zeng Wang Jingwei introduced it and expressed his willingness to he follow the Marshal Mansion and see the father. Sai Zhu Zhixin was around the founding father. He heard that Ran Ran said to the founding father: "Jiang Shrimp is a well -known local tyrants in Guangdong, also known as 'Sven Family', which is not tooth for Shilin. A Yan '(Chen Jiongming nicknamed' A Yan ', because the word "Jiong" is similar to the word "smoke', and the guests are not literate, and each calls" Chen Yanming ", then passed as a laughingstock, Chen Jiongming then set up 'A Yan 'Nickname) secretly colluded with Yuan Shikai in Beijing, and exempted the duties of the exhibition hall. Lee Deng was motionless, so that Wuyue entered the hands of the Gui Department of the Gui Department, Lu Rongting. At that time, he was poisoned by Jiang Shrimp.

After this scene, Jiang Kongyin has never seen the founding father for life. Jiang Kong Yinfu is also quite strong. From then on, he was reluctant to see it again. Therefore, it is said that Sun Yat -sen personally visited and took a photo, which can be said to be a matter of nothing.

Jiang Kong Yinshou Mirror Heart

- ◆ -

The second half of Jiang Kongyin shifted from the career to the business community, and it was quite a solid. However, according to Jiang Peiyang's memories, Jiang Kongyin did not take the initiative to transfer to the merchant, but forced to be helpless: "Jiang Shrimp Gong thought about being an official in the early years of the Republic of China, and several activities as the Governor of Guangdong. Self -derived, engaged in business. "

Due to the imperial examination and donation system, the combination of "gentry" and "business" existed in China for a long time. Those who have achieved meritorious merit in the exam cannot be the official in their place, and those who return home will become "gentlemen." At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the convection between "gentry" and "business" was common in Guangdong, with the developed commodity economy, and Jiang Kongyin also embarked on the path of "gentleman" and "business".

In 1915, Jiang Kongyin was appointed as the general agent of British and American tobacco companies, and fiercely war with the Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company. Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company was founded by the Nanhai Jane Zhao South and Jian Yujie Brothers. Jiang Kongyin Guide Yang Tobacco was the capital of the Japanese. In order to enter the Japanese briefing south, it was operated. This was under pressure to sign up to China at that time, forcing Yuan Shikai to sign 21 articles. It works. As a result, Nanyang Tobacco's business plummeted, and the sales of British and American tobacco companies increased significantly. According to Gao Boyu, Jiang Kongyin has an income of 200,000 yuan a year, and some people say that more than this number.

According to Wang Xiwen, "Ji Xiagong reaches more than 500,000 yuan a year, at least 300,000 yuan. In the period of time, when Xia Lao is 50 to sixty years old, this can be called Xia Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao Lao The golden period of life. "But just looking at his way of waving the earth, he knew that he had found" the wind is full of water, and it was full of money. "

Jiang Kongyin and Mrs. Three

- ◆ -

Wang Xiwen said that Jiang Kongyin brought the full family to Hong Kong in 1922. In 1923, he was invited by Tan Zu'an (Yan Yan) to return to the former residence of "Tai Shidi" from Hong Kong to Tong Deli from Hong Kong with his dependents. In the spring of the following year, the hospitable Jiang Kong Yin Yin banquet "Spring", which is only a table in the day, with Tan Zu'an chief, Hu Hanmin and Wang Jingwei sat in the second and third seats, Sun Zhesheng (Sun Ke) sat in the fourth seat. In addition, there are Chen Xiezhi (Rong), Hu Yi (Yi Sheng), Li Dengtong, Li Baoxiang, Wang Yanzhang, Jiang Shuying, Wang Xiwen, etc. At that time, Sun Ke was the mayor of Guangzhou City, Li Baoxiang was the county head of Nanhai County, and Wang Yizheng was the head of Panyu County. After opening the feast, the guest box opened and talked about the wind. When it comes to the issue of imperial examinations, Tan Zu'an said: "Although there are disadvantages in the imperial examinations, there are a lot of people who have been born from the imperial examinations from the imperial examinations since the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Those who are abandoned, each of which has fraud in the science field as a disease, this is because of the waste of food. " Tai Shi plaque

Jiang Kongyin first said with the discussion: "Tan Gong's words, really won my heart, please see the talents of Hu and Wang. If the imperial examination system exists, the two public will enter Hanlin, and they will be able to follow, left, Hu, and Li. Feng Hou worships the phase, you can undoubtedly. "

This high hat is really accepted by Hu Hanmin, and replied: "It is true! After I held the middle, I will abandon the imperial examination soon and have broken my way out. If the imperial examination is not abolished, I may not enter the Revolutionary Party."

- ◆ -

Jiang Kong Yin's poems are well written. The couplets and poetry bell he made are particularly good at the time. The Pearl River Wind Moon in the late Qing Dynasty and Qinhuai became famous, and the luxurious style of the Pearl River Flower Boat was far from Qinhuai. At the end of Guangxu, the famous people of the flowerboat were "Chengfen" and "Ruihe", which was particularly giant in the flower boats. Jiang Kong Yin wrote Lianyun for "Ruihe":

Afraid of listening to Qu Ban as a feast, a large river, don't have any idleness;

For the bottle, the liquor lantern is not comfortable.

There is also a restaurant for Dongyuan, Jiang Kong Yin also wrote Lianyun:

Before the willow willow wind, ten miles whip, the flowing water is a car dragon or a horse;

Looking at the Liuli grid, the three more lights, the beauty is like a jade sword like a rainbow.

But Jiang Kongyin's cigarette business has not been prosperous, and soon failed because of fierce competition. In order to maintain the expenses of the huge family, Jiang Kongyin decided to invest in the farm.

In 1930, Jiang Kong Yin returned to Guangzhou and founded Jianglanzhai Farm and Bee Farm more than 1,000 acres of official wasteland in Langangdong in the suburbs, improved fruit varieties, introduced foreign breed bees Good breeds are well -known so far. His servant Rui Xin, Wuzi Yugui, and Eleven Girls were served as heads and technicians in the farm, and became a veritable family industry. And set up a small rail railway from Nangang to Langangyu to build water conservancy, exhausting money. Until 1938, Guangzhou fell, and Jiang Kong Yin fled to Hong Kong, and Jiang Lanzhai Farm also suspended.

- ◆ -

Gao Boyu, who was in Hong Kong with Jiang Kong Yin, said: "When Jiang Shrimp was refuge in Hong Kong, his life was still colorful, because he was a big celebrity, and he was full of the world. At the elegance, people invited him to participate, often arranging him and Zhang Yizhen in the seat, with 'virtue of hope.' Remember that the Chinese Cultural Association had an unknown meeting. The content of the content has been forgotten. I just remember that he scolded his son -in -law Wang Xiwen. Since Wang Xiwen asked him to go to Wang Jingwei, why not move your dead Lao Tzu to Nanjing to bury Yunyun (Wang Xiwen's father Wang Zhaoyu, He died on September 11, 1939, and he was the elder brother of Wang Jingwei). The monarch at the same table whispered to me, Jiang Shrn's scolding his son -in -law 'justice ", Chongqing has given him HK $ 10,000, and he can talk about it. . "

- ◆ -

At the end of 1942, Jiang Kong Yin returned to Taishi of Guangzhou. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he was still safe in Guangzhou, but he was old and suffered from withered disease. Of course, there was no previous pride. After 1949, Jiang Kongyin still ranked in Tai Shi, Guangzhou, and no one noticed him at the beginning. On the eighth day of April of the Lunar Calendar in 1951, he lost his feet at Liurong Temple in Guangzhou. It was Guangdong's land reform in the year, and the farmers of the South China Sea pursued the "escape landlord". They went back to the hometown with baskets and prepared to criticize them with baskets. Jiang Kong Yin was silent, and a hunger strike at one time, ending 41 days.

Jiang Kong Yin died on March 4, 1952. On the day before his death, Jiang Kongyin, 88, left four sentences:

"You are wrong today, you are not me tomorrow;

Right and wrong, he knows Japan. "

These words are very predictable, and today it seems that in a word.

- ◆ -

Jiang Kongyin was a prominent gourmet. His banquet's persistence for decades, guests can not ask, if you are invited, you can't casually. The guests' dishes must be fine, so what is spreading in the field is Tai Shidi's family banquet, "Tai Shi Snake", "Tai Shi Tofu", "Tai Shi and the Porridge", "Tai Shitian Chicken" and so on. Relding light.

Jiang Kongyin's thirteen sons Jiang Yuyi, the art named Nanhai Shisan.

Jiang Kong Yinzhi's 13 sons Jiang Yuyi (1910-1984), also known as Jiang Yuqiu, is the name Jiang Feng, and the stage name is Nanhai Shiro. In his early years, he was studying in Nanwu Middle School in Guangzhou, and was expelled from school for naughty trouble. When studying medical medicine in Hong Kong, he left his girlfriend to Shanghai for love for love. It coincided with the "One · Twast" incident and could not return to Hong Kong and could not complete his studies.

Movie "South China Sea Shiro" poster. He was a young screenwriter in the Hong Kong and Hong Kong in the 1930s. He wrote "Tears of Sounds" for Cantonese opera Hongling Xue Jue. The masterpieces include "Daughter's Fragrance", "Yan Guiren Unpaid", "Li Xiangjun", "You Xiang's Cooling", "Xuan Gong Yan Shi" and so on. In the South China Sea Shiro, he was proud. When he created his career, he was sent to a psychiatric hospital by the crackdown of love and career. In his later years, he was wandering and died at Qingshan Hospital in the last 1984. His life deeds were widely circulated. At first, Du Guowei was adapted into a stage play, starring in Hong Kong, played by Xie Junhao. Because this stage play is very popular, it was later adapted into a movie and performed by the same actors. Later, it was adapted into a TV series, broadcast in Asia TV, and played by Lin Weichen.

The three different movies have different interpretations of his life, and also bring the audience's different appearances.

■ Introduction to the author

Cai Dengshan

The famous writer in Taiwan, a former general manager of the marketing company and deputy editor -in -chief of the publisher of the film company, is obsessed with the film and modern literary historical materials for more than 30 years. Since 1993, the series of "Writers" series of documentaries, as producers and screenwriters. In the past four years, Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, Yu Dafu, Xu Zhimo, Zhu Ziqing, Lao She, Bing Xin, Shen Congwen, Pakistan, Cao Yu, Xiao Qian, Zhang Ailing, Biography.

He is the author of "April Sky on Earth", "Legend of the Legend -Zhang Ailing", "Lu Xun's Love", "Zhang Ailing Sex", "Where to Find You -Hu Shi's Lovers and Friends", Mei Lanfang and Meng Xiaodong, "Republic of China" "The figure", "Late Qingqing", "Two Life", "How many pasts are heavier", "Love and Wait and Gap" and other dozens of works.

Source ｜ Jingbao APP

Edit: Chen Jianguo

- END -