"Guangdong Technician" | Chaozhou hand pull pot: knead the soul into the mud

Text/Hong Qiaojun

Photo/Interviewee provided (except signed)

● Creative notes

"Do only one thing in this life"

There is a pot with tea. The development of Gongfu Tea has promoted the vigorous development of Chaozhou hand -pulling mud pots. For hundreds of years, Chaozhou hand -pulling chills and mud pots have exported to Southeast Asia and other countries. Today, it is a national intangible cultural heritage and national geographical indication protection product.

The Chaozhou hand -pulling chopped mud pot has a long history and deep accumulation. The celebrities have been published. I have compiled the book "Chaozhou Hand -Playing Pot". The classic pot type and original pot type, etc., also collected the deeds of several well -known pot artists in Chaozhou, so they have a deeper understanding of Chaozhou pot art.

I have studied the pot for decades. In addition to the book, I often participated in the creation of the pot art and explained the pot made of the pot made of the pot artist. The pot artist came to do it, such as "Olympic Pot", "Expo Pot", "Asian Games", "Cottage", "Moon Ship", "Eight Great Mountains", "Nostalgia", "March India", etc. Many of these pots won national awards Some are collected by the Chinese Art Museum and the China Arts Museum.

There are two well -known pot arts in Chaozhou, "Lao Anshun" and "Yuan Xingbing Ji", and Zhang Haiyuan is the fifth generation of "Lao Anshun". For more than 20 years with Zhang Haiyuan, Zhang Haiyuan is a lonely person. A real artist is to be lonely, because the real thinkers are lonely people. When a person is lonely, his mind is free. The artist produces the source of creation in loneliness, and produces unique artworks in loneliness.

When the night was quiet, Zhang Haiyuan often sent me the pot he had just made, and sometimes I was amazed: good pot! Sometimes I tell him that it is small, affecting equilibrium, or the reduced version of the pot body.

Although he is already a celebrity, he is indifferent to fame and fortune, and he still bury his head to make his own pot. Each pot must be made by himself, and he will never be founded and helped.

He also said that he only did one thing in his life, that is to make the pot well.

Zhang Haiyuan

▶▶ Father and son become "magic"

"Kneading the soul into the mud" is a word Zhang Haiyuan said. Because of a pile of mud, his hand can be a handle of the handle of the chopped mud pot, and the artwork of entering the art hall.

He is called "Master of Pot Art Magic" and was awarded the "Third Nanyue Technical Expert" by the Guangdong Provincial People's Government. The Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government are awarded "the 6th Outstanding Chinese Youth Science and Technology Talent".

Zhang Haiyuan "pulled" Chaozhou's hand to "pull" the Hall of Ya with his own hard work. He said that as the inheritor of the Chaozhou hand -pulling chopped mud pot, this is the mission given to him by the times, and he has also witnessed the "spring" of traditional handicrafts.

Original article on September 15, 2022, "Yangcheng Evening News" A10

On the wall of Zhang Haiyuan's exhibition hall, he hung his photos of "show" pot art in various important occasions--

In November 2005, the 13th international tide group friendship was grandly held in Macau. Zhang Haiyuan was invited to demonstrate the production of traditional craftsmanship. The Chief Executive of the Macau Special Administrative Region, He Houyi, watched Zhang Haiyuan pull the pot.

In September 2018, the Chaozhou Cultural Exchange Week in China was held in the 13th district of Paris, France. During the one -week Chaozhou Cultural Overseas Exhibition, many non -heritage in Chaozhou were displayed here. Pot skills.

On the flying discs, a damp mud rotated into a cylindrical shape. As the hands pressed, it gradually turned into a hollow cylindrical. The people who watched their eyes widened and looked at Zhang Haiyuan's dexterous hands "magic": the fingers stroked the cylinders gently. Get up, it turned out that a plump hand -pulling billet was born in front of them.

The biggest feature of the Chaozhou hand -pulling chopped mud pot is the word "hand pull", which is also the most fundamental difference between it and Yixing Zisha pot. The difficulty of making a hand -pulling pot is the mouth, the handle, and the button to form a straight line, harmonious and unified, and integrated. Zhang Haiyuan does not use tools to measure, but the measurement of eyes alone is not bad.

Many guests can't be addicted and have to experience it for them. The plate rotates, but the mud in the hands of the guests does not listen to the call. If it wasn't for the taste of the pot making, it is difficult to imagine how high the ability of the pot art master is!

It takes a long time to practice this technical life, which requires long -term practice. Skills and techniques, cultural heritage, and chest mood are an indispensable factor in creating art masters. After many years of devoted to studying and carefully creating, Zhang Haiyuan's achievements today.

In fact, as early as ten years ago, many people in France were playing with Zhang's father and son's pot. Zhang Haiyuan's father, Zhang Yanming, is the fourth generation of Chinese ceramic art masters and the century -old brand "Lao Anshun". Lyon) Ms. Beige, President of the Tea Ceremony Association, has a delicate teapot that she carries her with her pockets almost every day and often takes out of her pocket, which is the thousand -ring pot made by the father and son of the Zhang family. Mr. Chen Xiangbai presented. The special tea shop "Postcart Teas" in central London also places the Zhang family's father and son's hand -pulled chopped mud pot. The owner Tim is a tea expert with a footprint throughout the world. Once, TIM bought an ordinary finished product Zhu Ni pot to return home. After half a year, I found that the tea scent with the tea pot was more special, and the body of the pot became more "raised" and pretty. So he hoped that he could make a batch of chocolate pots to enrich his tea shop in London. Since then, Zhang's father and son receive orders from the other side of the ocean every year.

Due to Zhang Haiyuan's techniques, clever minds, and works, the works are both practical and artistic, and are loved by collectors in Southeast Asia, Taiwan and Hong Kong. In addition, his work was permanently collected by the New Zealand Intangible Cultural Heritage Center.

▶▶ Yizhu Zhu Ni Xiu is excellent

Zhang Haiyuan was born in 1975. He is 47 years old. He has been rolling on the way to the traditional craftsmanship. He said: "I have studied pots with my grandfather and father while studying at the age of 8. I have been persisted for so many years, relying on a belief. Because we understand that as a craftsman, the skills are not good, and everything is difficult."

Since the age of 8, the industry is called "boy Gong", and some people say that he is an old "old artist".

Moon boat

Decades have passed, and Zhang Haiyuan still remembers the first pot -making scene: Unlike the current electric crickets, the mushroom carts needed to be stepped on at that time. After school, Zhang Haiyuan put down the schoolbag and helped Grandpa step on the mushroom cart. At that time, he was very young, and he was struggling to step on mushrooms and mushrooms, but he was still very hard. Although tired, when Grandpa rest, he took a piece of mud, sat down, patted the mud, and turned the mushroom cart. The mud was suddenly up and down, and for a while for a while. Hai Yuan was a little wondering, and it seemed easy to live on weekdays. Why didn't you listen to it? The toss came and tossed, the mud finally became a type, but it was not a pot, just a thick cup. Zhang Haiyuan, who was unwilling to lose, knead the mud cup into a ball and said to myself that I must make a good pot.

Since then, the five -year "help" has not only stepped on the mushroom cart, but also how to make a pot while stepping on. Later, Grandpa rewarded him with a bicycle worth more than 300 yuan. That was because his pot of pot -making was solid and he could independently complete the pot.

In the 1990s, the century -old "Lao Anshun" fame was already outside, and Taiwanese pot merchants came to order pots. Orders have continued, and the three generations of grandchildren have kept a pot by the mushroom car.

"It's really bitter at that time!" Zhang Haiyuan's memory of that era was a little sad. I get up at six or seven every day to rush to work and pull until late at night or even one or two in the morning. It is common to fight beside the mushroom cart. It is really trapped.

Only if you do more can you be cooked and you can make a coincidence! "To get out of the ground, it will pay more than others." Since then, Zhang Haiyuan has always thought so. For Zhang Haiyuan and his father, the transformation from high yield to exquisite changes comes from the pressure of pot merchants.

That was in the 1990s, Taiwanese pot merchants put forward new requirements for Zhang Haiyuan's father and son: make exquisite high -end pots. Taiwanese businessmen not only asked them to imitate the ancient famous pots, but also brought many pot art works designed by ceramic designers for them.

In the early years, the number of Taiwanese merchants was the number. The Zhang family did dozens a day. Today, the number of Taiwanese businessmen should not be quantity. It takes boutiques. The price is from tens of yuan to a few hundred yuan or even a thousand yuan. This is a challenge, from imitation to innovation, from mud to skills, from material structure to styling and even cultural connotation, Zhang Haiyuan has studied with his father and friends.

"In addition to practicing craftsmanship, it takes a lot of time to conceive, study, and experiments, so I often feel that time is not enough." A person who always has persistent pursuit, an innovation, to create more person -to -person works, time and time again How can it be enough?

There was a pot, Zhang Haiyuan has been interrupted for more than three years. This is the longest pot he has made so far. This pot is called "Question".

At that time, a pot designer designed such a pot. The pot shape was like "?", The pot button was "?" The hook above, and the pot body was "?", But of course and "? "The upper and lower structure is the opposite,"? "It is upper and lower, and the pot is small and lower, but the button is obviously small, and the pot body is large. The pot body is easy to do, pulling a round body, but the pot button must be both image and practical and difficult.

Santan Yinyue

A few days later, the blank of "Question" was made. Zhang Haiyuan asked the pot designer to look at it. The designer looked at it and shook his head and said, "It's not so vivid." Obviously artistic can not be strong.

Again! Zhang Haiyuan made a re -produced, and the designer looked at, "Laren's agility."

He did it again and again, and the designer shook his head. Zhang Haiyuan placed the "Question" every time on the coffee table. In total, he compared it with a comparison. Although it was better than once, the designer was not an ideal "question". So Zhang Haiyuan decided to stop and do inspiration before doing it.

For more than three months, his mind was always lingering the "pot", but there was always no impulse to create. One night, he slept until midnight and dreamed that he was doing "Ask". He heard the designer saying to him, "This is the mood I want."

When he woke up, he got up quietly, came to the studio, took out a mud, rubbed the mud, made the pot button, and installed it on the lid. Installed, he looked at the left, looked right, and took a few steps back, thinking that the designer would definitely talk about it.

But when the designer watched it, he poured a basin of cold water for Zhang Haiyuan: "It's better than the previous, but it is less charm."

More than two years later, Zhang Haiyuan produced a smooth and vivid "question", and he excitedly called the designer to see. The designer observed carefully and said softly, "It feels a little less rhyme, a little less rhyme, the pot will not be so amazing."

Although Hai Yuan was a little disappointed, he would never admit defeat. Art is endless. He remembered that in 2005, Professor Zhang Shouzhi, a well -known ceramics designer and the School of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University, designed a "Zi" to ask his father Zhang Yanming to do it. The pot body was Zhang Haiyuan. His father was done strictly in accordance with Mr. Zhang Shouzhi's design drawings. The high and diameter of each part of the parts were clearly marked. It should be done strictly in accordance with the picture, but it should be perfect. The arc is still a bit worse, but this is "the slightest, thousands of miles".

Hai Yuan will not forget. His father did a handle of "Zi" in the studio for a few nights. He made An An, dismantled, repeatedly done, and reunited repeatedly until late at night. His father, Zhang Yanming, thought that he was satisfied, and then burned. After burning, he came to compare until he felt that it was a boutique. Mr. Zhang Shouzhi came to Chaozhou from Beijing and came to Zhang Yanming's studio. When he saw "Purple", he said excitedly: "better than what I imagined."

The artist must be improving, but also tolerate loneliness and loneliness. However, Zhang Yanming's spirit of being able to bear loneliness is inherited on Zhang Haiyuan. It is because of this spirit, Zhang Haiyuan finally made "Questions" successfully.

In order to inherit the representative project of the National Intangible Cultural Heritage of Chaozhou Hand Hand Pulling Mud Pot, since 2018, Zhang Haiyuan has invested more than 1.8 million yuan to create a inheritance base, purchased Chaozhou hand -pull pots to make teaching materials, hand pull pots, audiovisuals, audiovisual and audiovisual Data, old -fashioned pull -up machines, electric diamonds, kiln, pot, pot tool, mud -made machine process display equipment, etc., created a Chaozhou hand -pull pot inheritance integrating research, production, display, talent training, and visiting and learning. base. He also hired university professors, famous art critics, art connoisseurs, and pot artists with rich teaching experience to give lectures and teaching skills for students for free.

The vigorous development of Chaozhou hand -pulling chopped mud pots has to be inherited. Chaozhou Zhu Ni pot is pulled by hand, so people call it "a pile of Zhu Ni Xiu".

▶▶ Kung Fu is not responsible for people

The Chaozhou hand -pulling chopped mud pot is used as a kind of tea jacking, which pays attention to the fine workmanship. It is also a traditional handicraft, so it has the character of art and culture. On the basis of the pursuit of superb skills, letting the pot showed more art and cultural quality is Zhang Haiyuan's unswerving pursuit over the years.

Chaozhou hand -pulling mud pot is made of rotating ceramic techniques, manually pulling the blank, and a circle can be changed. Its production process should go through nearly sixty processes such as pulling, repairing, batch, and burning. The finished product has both craftsmanship and more practical functions.

The accumulation of decades has made Zhang Haiyuan's thick accumulation and hair. In recent years, Zhang Haiyuan has gradually become the focus of the industry's attention. His works have repeatedly appeared in important events such as the Asia -Pacific Economic Organization, the “Belt and Road” International Cooperation Summit Forum, and CCTV Snacks Special Activities.

It is also Zhang Haiyuan's continuous pursuit of art that his works have been popular with the industry. His works were not only collected by the Chinese and foreign countries at home and abroad, but also collected by the Chinese Art Museum and Ziguang Pavilion in Zhongnanhai, marking the Chaozhou hand -pulling pot to the national art hall.

antiquity

As early as November 2006, Zhang Haiyuan and his father Zhang Yanming produced "Yu Le Tu", "Ten Mass and Ten Beauty" and "Wishes Life" were collected by Ziguang Pavilion in Zhongnanhai. It is said that the artwork here represents the highest level of Chinese crafts.

In June 2007, Zhang Haiyuan and his father Zhang Yanming produced "Changhong Guanyue", "Yuan" and "Zi" were collected by the Chinese Art Museum.

In November 2014, during the Asia -Pacific Economic Cooperation Meeting, the President's Mrs. Mrs. of many countries and the lady of the Secretary -General of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization visited the Capital Museum. In the drama building, with the melodious melody of the folk music "Flowers Good Moon", the "Ancient Capital Charm", which shows the traditional Chinese culture and Beijing style: tea ceremony, flower road ... let the guests see very fascinated. Zhang Haiyuan was the only one who was displayed in the pot art work at the meeting. What he showed on the tea ceremony performance was his Tiliang pot "Yuan Dream" and "Fortune".

"Every place with dreams blooms hope. Dreams are the thoughts of the soul and the true feelings of our secret. Many dreams in life need to become a reality. When the ideal becomes a reality, dreams are round." Zhang Haiyuan created based on this concept. "Dream". "Dream of Dreams" is a beam pot (the objects are all round: the raised beam, the lid of the pot, the pot body is round ...), the beam is like a rainbow, the pot shape is like the earth, the shape is particular, the shape is tall, the cup represents a one, and the cup represents a one. A dream, the meaning is that when every Chinese dream gathers together, it will gather into a strong Chinese dream.

In 2017, Zhang Haiyuan's hand -pulling work "Silk Rhyme Spring Wind" was selected as a special gift for the "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Summit Forum.

On March 2, 2018, the CCTV Music Channel "Singing the New Era" Lantern Festival Special Collection, in front of the host's table, was placed with six Chaozhou hand -pulling mud pots. It was the work created by Zhang Yanming and Zhang Haiyuan's father and son.

In October 2018, Zhang Haiyuan produced "Time White", "God of Desert", "Singing Three Sighs" and other collections of the Chinese Arts and Crafts Museum.

Kung Fu is worthy of people, Zhang Haiyuan's works have been well received, and have won many national gold awards and gold awards.

Zhang Haiyuan not only created "Dunhuang Art", but he also created the gangsters "Dream Water", "Xiangyun Holding the Day", "Rainbow Full of the World", "Belt and Road" ... Each one has the artistic conception of paintings and poems; Each one has a unique artistic personality, which makes people love.

The twisted mud pot is a ceramic decorative technique that uses two or more muds of different colors to form and squeeze to form natural patterns. This technique can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. The graphic mud process is difficult, but through the decoration changes of twisted mud, the pot makes the pot more artistic.

Because Zhang Haiyuan and other artists dare to innovate, the Chaozhou twisted mud pot has thousands of attitude and unique charm.

▶▶ Shen Yun fresh "poems and pots"

The poet Niu Han once said that each poem is the crystallization of the poet's life experience, and the language is immersed in the author's sincerity. In fact, each pot is also the crystallization of the life experience of the pot artist.

The poet is pouring the soul in the emotion of language. The pot artist is to pour the soul in the mud of art. To make the mud softer and live, this "living" is actually the "charm" we often call. At the same time, we must also rub the poem into this mud, let it bring it poetic, and let it burn the artistic conception. This is "poetry and pot".

Zhang Haiyuan splashed the poem in the sky in the pot with blood, like a morning glow or sunset, like a desert or green land, like mountains or rivers ... so there is a work "Xiangyun Holding the Day", "Rainbow Man", "Dream Water Village", "The God of the Desert" 》 Wait these poetic pots.

Rainbow is full of the world

Zhang Haiyuan's "Poetry and Pot" series of pots, 23 sets, a total of 29 pots, started creation in 2013, for 6 years. This is to give poetry in the pot, which maintains the beauty of the plain body of the pot, but also has a strong poetic meaning. It was "visible mood, the poetry that could be heard", which was an unprecedented creation.

Everyone who studies the pot knows that the "Mangsheng Eighteen style" is a series of pots. There seems to be no connection between the pot and the pot. But it is also a poem, the poem is a pot, and the pot is a poem. Look at the names of these pots "Qingxi One Leaf Baument", "Moon Ship", "Dream Water Village", "Years of White" ... Is it very poetic?

"Qingxi Yiya Boat" is interpreted like this: childhood is a painting, childhood is a song, childhood is a dream, and childhood is a poem ... "Qingxi Yiyea" evokes childhood memories. When we touched the rain in the field, we would pick a lotus leaf and cover the rain on our heads.

However, the lid of the work "The Leaf Boat of the Qingxi" is a lotus leaf, the pot is like a graceful girl. After looking at this pot, it is reminiscent of Zhao Mengfu's words: "A leaves of the Qingxi, the autumn of the Furong on both sides of the Furong. Who is the girl who Cai Ling, the singing is twilight. "

Zhao Mengfu was the most prominent painter in the Yuan Dynasty and the leader of the literati paintings of the Yuan Dynasty. The word was fully written, and there was no words, but after reading, it made people feel dusty. The picture of the pot contains this poetic: a small boat floating in the clear stream, the beautiful and pure farm girl sings the ballad of the fisherman, the singing flies into the lotus bush, and a group of water birds are shocked. Girl picking a lotus girl calmly adopted the next stem and green lotus leaves on the head as a rainy gear, and returned home to return home.

Dream Water

Looking at "Dream Water Village", the three elements of Caixia, Water Township, and Dream have been incorporated into the pot: the pot type is like a water village house. water……

This is magical to solidify the poem into a pot. You can taste the image of the pot, and slowly sip the thousands of taste in the pot ...

● Introduction to the author

Hong Qiaojun, a native of Yingtan, Jiangxi, worked at the Propaganda Department of the Yujiang County Party Committee of Jiangxi in 1989, and was transferred to Chaozhou Daily, Guangdong Province in 1999.Member of the Guangdong Writers Association, member of the Guangdong Provincial Writers Association, member of the Creation Committee, Vice Chairman of the Chaozhou Literary Critics Association, and researcher at Chaozhou Gongfu Tea Culture Research Association.Publishing "Life, Eternal Mystery", "Three -Rural Agriculture Complex", "Good People Good News", "Chinese Hand -Pulling Zhu Mud Pot First People Zhang Yanming", "Poetry and Pot" (Coincident), "Guangdong Yidao" (together), "Chaozhou Hand Pull Pot" (co -authored) and other dozens of other units.The works are scattered in the "People's Daily", "Guangming Daily", "Half Moon Talk", "China Youth Daily", "Yangcheng Evening News", "Iron and Humor", "Reader", "Yilin", "Entrepreneur Selection" and so on.In the column, more than 70 works won national and provincial awards.Source | Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School

Responsible editor | Wu Xiaopan

School counterpart | Xie Zhizhong

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