Germany, an industrial heart that is exposed outside

When it comes to the industrial zone of Germany, people often think of the Ruhr area first. In fact, Salland, located on the west bank of the Rhine, is also an important industrial area. The famous Ferkelin Iron and Steel Factory was selected into the World Cultural Heritage List. With its unique geographical location, Salland plays a very special role on the political and economic stage of Germany.

Ferkelin Gen Steel Factory as an industrial site

Represents the golden age of the German steel industry

(Figure: wiki)

Located in the southwest of Germany, it is only about 2,600 square kilometers. It borders Belgium, Germany's Leinlan-Pharzbang, France, Luxembourg, and Belgium. But it is an important vane in German politics. Historically, the Sall region was repeatedly competed by Germany and France, and its strategic location was very important.

The area of ​​the entire Salland is only larger than the Beijing Miyun District ▼ ▼

Although Sal is small, it is very big

Saarland (German names in Salla) happened to be stuck between between Luxembourg and Lorin, France, and is a place located on the west bank of the Rhine. If the French occupy Salan after winning the Alsace-Lolin, they have the opportunity to follow the Mosel River to realize the dream of using the Rhine as a natural boundary.

If the Germans can occupy Salland, they can be an extra barrier to the bridgehead on the west bank of the Rhine Rhine: the combination of attacking can be stabbed to the Alsace-Lorraine (the German army in World War II resolves the horse in front of Salland. Chinuo defense line); "Ichicvae" that attracts the French attack (the "Schryphin Plan" of the World War II and the "Yellow Plan" of World War II was allocated by such tasks). The German manufacturing breakthrough and the opportunity to copy the French army.

Because of this, Salland has become a focus between the French and the Germans. In modern times, it has changed more than ten times between the two.

Whether it is World War I or World War II

Salan is always the front line of German disputes

(Figure: wiki)

Before entering the history of the text, the Celtics were living in Salland (editor's note: more specifically, the Celtic Gaul). In the first century BC, the Romans conquered the place and merged it into the name of Belgica -Belgium.

During the Roman Republic, today's Sall lives in Bell Gaul, ▼

After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, Salland successively became part of the Frank Kingdom and the Holy Roman Empire. In the feudal era, even such a small place belongs to many princes that are not affiliated. The most important of which is Earl Earl of the German princes. Its governance institute is Salb Luken, the capital of Sall today. Other lords in some areas of Salle, as well as Bishop Trier (Trier is the hometown of Marx), Duke of Lorraine, and so on.

The Holy Roman Empire adopts a unique "Selection Emperor" system

Bishop Trier is one of the "Choosing Emperor"

At that time, Sall belonged to the land of Bishop Trier

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

Repeated hands

Entering modern times, France has taken the lead in becoming an overlord on the European continent. During the thirty years of war, the Duke of Richelie made the army of the Bourbon dynasty entered Salland for the first time in 1635. "Sun King" Louis XIV sent troops to invade Salland in 1676 and 1679, respectively, and pushed the territory to the side of the Salle River (the Salle River was remitted into the Mosel River, and the Mosel River remitted into the Rhine). In 1680, the city of Sal Louis, which was established on the river on the banks of the river, also used the "Sun" coat as the city emblem three years later.

During the Fahe War, Louis XIV led through the Rhine

It also focused on the Netherlands, which won the title of "Great Emperor"

(Figure: wiki)

However, the French and the Germans' competition around Salland is far from over.

In 1689, the European countries that were repeatedly defeated in Louis XIV (Austria, Brandonburg, Saxony and other German countries and the Netherlands) formed an Orgsburg alliance, and then Britain formed a "Great League". It has launched a nine -year "Grand Mandarin War" with France.

In the absence of the absolute victor, the exhausted war between the two sides signed the Liswick Hedhe Treaty in 1697, and France withdrew from Sarland as a contract.

The main force of the Great League, the British Dutch Army was led by William III

(The rival of the sun king -Prince Olanzhi William III, picture: wiki) ▼

In 1734, Louis XV invaded Salland again.

In the end, it was not any French king who completely annexed Salland, but the Revolutionary Army of the French Revolution. In 1792, the entire Sarland was merged into the newly established Republic of France.

Its territory includes all the French territory today

And the land on the west bank of the Holy Roman Empire on the west bank of the Rhine ▼

After Napoleon's completely failed, Prussia, which played a key role in the Battle of Waterloo, was divided into a major part of Salland according to the "Vienna Treaty". The fate of this area has since been completely similar to the Alsace Lorraine region, which is similar to her life. Essence In the wave of the industrial revolution, due to the rich coal resources, Salland developed rapidly into the center of coal and steel industry.

Flkelingen Steel Switching Factory in Salland

Now it is listed as the United Nations World Cultural Heritage

(Very similar to the scene of the movie, picture: Flickr) ▼ After the defeat of Germany in the First World War, France not only wanted to recapture Alsace Loring, which was lost in the Pu Fa war, but also wanted to capture Salan. This has become an important part of the Versailles Treaty that makes the Germans feel funeral and humiliate: According to the treaty, Salland will be stripped from Germany and will be custody by the International Alliance for 15 years.

"Versailles Treaty" signed the scene (Figure: Flickr) ▼

After the World War Ith, German territory changes ▼

In fact, Salland has been controlled by France since then and has become an independent administrative area. In the book "The History of Germany in the Ewlo of Germany -The History of Melei", Lin Chunjun pointed out that at this time, the newly designed coats in the Salle area focused on the local city joint and inherited the French element from Louis XIV:

In the upper left part, there are two hammer inserted on the train wheels. The bottom is black. It is the city emblem of the city Holy British Bate, which symbolizes the developed steel industry here.

In the upper right part, the red rose of the white background is the city emblem of St. John;

In the lower left part, the golden sun and blue clouds are white at the bottom. It is the city emblem of the Sun King Louis XIV awarded by Sal Louis;

In the lower right part, the blue -bottomed white lion is the city emblem of Salb Luken "

(Editor's note: Usually when discussing the left and right of the shield emblem, it is based on the relative orientation of the herald itself, not the observer. Here is the description of the viewer's perspective, the same is true)

SANKT Johann has merged with Saarbrücken, Malstatt-Burbach to become the new Salb Luken City now

Its red rose element or is related to the Langcost family in the UK

(Figure: "The History of Germany in the Ewlogen", editor) ▼ ▼

In 1933, the Nazi party ruled Germany, and a large number of left -wing people fled to Salland, but everyone saw that the 15 -year period was coming and worried. At this time, a 22 -year -old young youth Eris Eunx, born in Moscow International Lenin School, participated in the activities of Salland opposed to the German Empire.

Erich Eunx's prison photos

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

But this is still an era of nationalism. In 1935, 90.8%of the residents of the people were requested to return to Germany. Oneck was arrested and jailed in the same year until the Soviet army broke into Berlin in April 1945.

Salle protection leader

After the defeat of the Nazi Germany, France once again occupied Salland as the "liberated victory country" (when the Germans flashed Poland in 1939, the French army also symbolically occupied several villages in Salland).

According to the 1947 "Salle Constitution" led by France, Salland will leave Germany as a "Salr protection leader" using French franc to achieve political autonomy.

At this time, the launch of the New Salle coat has a stronger characteristics of the Republic of France:

Shield emblem is a cross pattern formed by the French flag color (blue and white).

There are only pure Frank elements left

British and Salbon's soil elements are gone

(Figure: "The History of Germany in the Ewlogen", editor) ▼ ▼

Germany, which is occupied by the Allied forces after World War II

In 1953, the "Sall Protection", as a "quasi -country", also sent his own "National Football Team" to wear the coat of arms above to participate in the 1954 Berne World Cup qualifier. Group, but unfortunately failed to qualify.

Salle first lags behind in the away game against Norway

Later, under the situation of 10 people's fought, he won a 3-2 defeat!

(Source: YouTube) ▼

What is the strength of this Sarnian football team? It fired twice in 1950 (5-3) and 1951 (5-2), and then broke into the Swiss quarterfinals of the 1954 World Cup. In the World Cup qualifiers, it was only lost to the World Champion Federal German team that later created the "Berne Miracle".

This is the only major event participated by the Salle Football Team

His players, coaches, and staff were included in the West German team afterwards

Participate in the road of the World Cup in 1958 (Figure: One Picture Network) ▼

From the perspective of the French, the best result is of course to annex Salland. In short, Salland and Germany are cut in all aspects.

Sal residents mainly believe in Catholicism and have been under the jurisdiction of the Holy See. So France tried to apply to the Vatican to set up a "Salle Diocese" separately, and then stopped the fierce opposition of Bishop of the Great Bishop.

Since the Trier Diocese was once the Emperor's Emperor, he has a great power

Bishop Trier naturally cannot tolerate someone to separate Salbon and stand on the top of the mountain.

(How can the side of the couch tolerate others to sleep! Picture: shutterstock) ▼

However, Europe after World War II was not French. In order to confront the Su Dong camp and let the Germans willing to join the "free world" united front, the United States has to consider the idea of ​​federal Germany on the Salt issue.

After several rounds of mediation in the United States, Germany and France reached a compromise on the premise of promoting European integration, allowing Sal residents to hold a referendum. At that time, Germany had been scanned by the Nazi Party's scourge. Federal Germany agreed that this plan was actually a huge gambling. Will the Salians who have had a "thief boat" in 1935 would change their minds? In the referendum in 1935, the citizen of Salle was still moral

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

On October 23, 1955, 66.7%of Sal residents demanded return to Germany in the referendum. As a result, Salland became the tenth state of Federal Germany on January 1, 1957. At the same time, Federal Germany also agreed to give considerable economic compensation to France.

After the formal return, Salland opened the new state emblem that has been used to this day:

"The upper left part is a blue white lion, which symbolizes Earl Salb Luken;

The upper right part is the red Cross of the white background, which symbolizes the Bishop of Trier;

The lower left part is the three incomplete white eagles (no mouth and claws) on the red diagonal beam.

The lower right is a golden lion wearing a crown and a red tongue, with black at the bottom, symbolizing the Duke of Pharzzwab Luken.

These four patterns symbolize the four lords that ruled Salland, respectively, with distinctive morality.

The disassembly and its origin of the components of the Elb Luken emblem

(Figure: "The History of Germany in the Ewlogen", editor) ▼ ▼

The solution of Salle's sovereignty has removed a stumbling block in Germany and France, and paved the way for future European integration.

The following year (1958) returned to Federal Germany in Salland, on the other side of the iron curtain, the Salle Youth entered the Democratic German Politburo at the age of 46, and organized it three years later. Construction of the Berlin Wall. In 1971, he became the helm of the other half of Germany, and then pushed the two Germans to recognize each other. He returned to his hometown of Sall when he visited the Federal Germany in 1987. He finally witnessed the reunification of Germany with a complex mood.

The "Brothers' Kiss" on the Berlin Wall

Erich Eunx (right) and Brezhnev (left)

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

Today, the beautiful Salland has become the core area of ​​the European region, including Germany, Lu, France, and Bishe's territory.

The second largest coal and steel heavy industrial zone in Germany, which was second only to Ruhr's district, has rarely rolled smoke from steel mills, and has formed a pillar industry with the automotive and auto parts industry and service industry.

The long -term industry has changed, and the long -term political party has changed

Can Salland choose the future like Germany?

(Figure: One picture network) ▼

The author thanks:

Thanks to Teacher Lin Chunjun for their consent in the text in the text in the article "The German History of Germany in the Equal".

references:

1. Lin Chunjun, "The History of Germany in the Ewlogen of Germany", Zhejiang University Press

2.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/saarland

3.https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/saarland

4.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/saarland_national_football_team

5.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_fifa_world_cup_qualification

*The content of this article is provided for the author, which does not represent the position of the Earth Investment Bureau

Cover: shutterstock

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